（2019版）新人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 3 知识点学案.docx

1、选择性必修二选择性必修二 Unit 3知识要点 1prior adj.先前的=previous；优先的(教材 P26)Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，with Chinese food that had been changed to suitAmerican tastes.在来中国之前，我对中国烹饪的唯一经历是在美国，中国的食物已经被改变以适应美国人的口味。例 1I have a prior engagement at five.我已经先有一个在五点钟的约会。例 2

2、She visited me on the day prior to her death.她去世的前一天还来看我。翻译你来这里之前做什么事？What did you do prior to coming here?知识拓展prior to在之前的priorityn. 优先事项；优先权即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The duty to protect my sister is prior to all others.保护我的妹妹是我最重要的责任。知识要点 2consist vi.组成；构成(教材 P26)For example，Americas most popular Chinese dis

3、h is General Tsos chicken，whichconsists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce，flavoured with hot red peppers.例如，美国最受欢迎的中国菜是左公鸡，这道菜是用甜酱汁包裹的炸鸡，加上红辣椒调味。例 1The spirit consists in wholehearted devotion to public interests.这种精神就是一心为公。例 2英国是由几个国家组成的？How many countries does the UK consist of?知识拓展consist

4、 of由组成consist in lie in存在于，在于consist with与一致；符合即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译Happiness consists in contentment.The rescue team is composed/ comprised of eight soldiers and two doctors. The rescue teamconsists of eight soldiers and two doctors.The rescue team is made up of eight soldiers and twodoctors.救援队由 8 个士兵和

5、2 个医生组成。名师点津consist of 没有被动语态，相当于 be made up of 或 be composed of，且不用于进行时。知识要点 3(教材 P26)Later，I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancakerolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions.后来我才知道，山东最有名的菜是煎饼卷大葱。(1)stuff vt.填满；把塞进n东西；物品例 1I stuffed everything into a suitcase.我把东西全塞到一个手提箱里去了。例

6、2Thats my stuff in the drawer.抽屉里是我的东西。翻译她装了满满一箱给孩子们的礼物。She stuffed her suitcase with presents for the kids.知识拓展stuff.into.把塞进stuff.with.用填满(2)slice n(切下的食物)薄片vt.把切成薄片例 1I usually buy sliced breadits less bother.我通常都买切片面包比较省事。例 2Acucumber was sliced into rounds.黄瓜被切成了圆片。翻译盘子里有一片面包。There is a slice o

7、f bread in the dish.知识拓展(1)a slice of一片；一份；一部分slice.off切下=cut offslice up切成片(2)cut.into slices把切成片(3)sliced adj.切成片的即学即练They spend a fair slice of the budget on research and development.知识要点 4(教材 P27)At a minimum，the kinds of food local people consume tell us whatthey grow in their region，what kinds

8、 of lives they lead，and what they like and do not like.至少，当地人吃的食物种类告诉我们，他们在他们的地区种植什么，他们过着什么样的生活，他们喜欢什么，不喜欢什么。(1)minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的n最小量；最少量例 1Todays minimum temperature is 10.今天的最低气温是 10 。例 2We zipped along at a minimum of 55 mph.我们以最低每小时 55 英里速度行驶。知识拓展a minimum of最少above the minimum超过最低限度at a/t

9、he minimum最起码，至少below the minimum低于最低限度down to a minimum降到最低点maximum最大量的；最大值即学即练单句语法填空The candidates must have a first degree at a minimum.(2)consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗例 1Arguing about details consumed many hours of the committees valuable time.争论细节问题耗费了委员会数小时宝贵的时间。例 2The fire soon consumed the wooden buil

10、dings.大火很快就把那些木制建筑物烧毁了。知识拓展be consumed with因而变得憔悴；给弄得心劳神疲consumer消费者consumptionn. 消费（量） ，消耗（量）即学即练单句语法填空They are consumed with jealousy at her success.知识要点知识要点 5association n. 协会；关联；联系；联想We are working in association with a local company to raise money for the homeless. 我们正联合一家当地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。There

11、is a proven association between passive smoking and cancer. 被动吸烟和癌症之间被证实有关系。Scotland has all kinds of happy associations for me. 苏格兰给我各种各样的联想。知识拓展associatevt. 联想，联系associate withadj. 副的 associate editor/ professor 副主编/副教授associated adj. 有关的，相关的即学即练Some people say that classical music is associated(a

12、ssociate) with old people.知识要点知识要点 6regardless of 不管；不顾(教材 P32)This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be.这是真的，不管他们的饮食其余部分有多健康。例 1I shall go regardless of the weather.无论天气怎么样我都要去。例 2他不顾危险地爬上了高塔。Regardless of danger，he climbed the high tower.知识拓展(1)regardless of the fact t

13、hat.不顾的事实(2)regardless adv. =in spite ofdespite 尽管；不顾即学即练一句多译We arrived at the station on time regardless of the stormWe arrived at the station on timedespite/in spite of the storm尽管下着暴风雨，我们依旧准时到达了车站。名师点津regardless of 强调“不认为重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可以接 the fact that.；其同义词 despite/in spite of 还有“尽管但是”之意，其后一般

14、不接从句。知识要点知识要点 7quantity n数量；数额(教材 P32)Processed foods often contain less nutrition， and have higher quantities of sugar， salt，and fat than fresh ingredients.加工食品通常含有较少的营养，并且比新鲜原料含有更多的糖、盐和脂肪。例 1Quantities of food were spread out on the table.许多食品被摊放在桌子上。例 2The quantity and quality of the fruit can be

15、 controlled.水果的数量与质量可以被控制。知识拓展(1)a large/small quantity oflarge/small quantities of“大/少量的”，既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词a (large/small) quantity of 后接名词作主语时，谓语常用单数形式(large/small) quantities of 后接名词作主语时，谓语常用复数形式(2)in quantity在数量上；大量地in large quantities大量地即学即练单句语法填空Large quantities of airconditioners have been

16、sold (sell) since the summer is coming.Every day in hot summer，a large quantity of beer is consumed (consume)知识要点知识要点 8trick n诀窍；计谋；把戏 vt.哄骗；欺骗(教材 P32)There is no one trick to healthy eating.健康饮食没有什么诀窍。例 1An old dog cannot learn new tricks.老狗学不会新把戏。例 2I thought I saw a ghost，but perhaps it was only

17、a trick of the light.我以为我看见鬼了，但这大概不过是灯光在捉弄人。知识拓展(1)play tricks/a trick on sb.搞恶作剧；开某人玩笑make fun of sb.取笑某人play a joke on sb.取笑某人(2)trick sb.out of sth.骗取某人某物into doing sth.哄骗某人做某事cheat sb. (out)of sth.(3)tricky adj. 狡猾的；棘手的a tricky problem 棘手的问题即学即练单句语法填空We were tricked into buying a poor car，which

18、made me very upset.Sentence Patterns重点句式 1do 强调谓语动词(教材 P26)On the other hand，it does tell us a lot about Americans.另一方面，它确实告诉了我们很多关于美国人的事情。句式分析： 句中的“do tell”属于“do(does/did)动词原形”结构， 用来强调谓语动词， 加强语气。例 1I do hope you can give up smoking， because I want you to live as long and healthy a life asI have.我的确

19、希望你能把烟戒掉，因为我希望你能像我一样活得健康长寿。例 2We did need help those days.在那些日子里我们的确需要帮助。知识拓展“do(does/did)动词原形”结构，用来强调谓语动词，表示“的确，真的，务必”，有时态和数的变化。这种强调一般只适用于一般现在时和一般过去时。重点句式 2不定式作后置定语(教材 P26)When my family and I had just arrived in China，we went looking for a goodplace to eat in Beijing.当我和我的家人刚到中国的时候，我们去北京找一个吃饭的好地方。

20、句式分析：句中不定式 to eat 作后置定语，修饰名词 place。例 1I had gone to Maine looking for a place to work. 我去了缅因州，寻找一个工作的地方。例2Are you going to the conference to be held next week？你准备参加下周举行的会议吗？翻译我今天有许多工作要完成。I have a lot of work to finish today.知识拓展(1)在 the first，the second，the last，the next，the only 等词和形容词最高级后或被这些词修饰的名

21、词/代词后，常用不定式作定语。(2)在 time，way，chance，ability，promise 等抽象名词后，常用不定式作定语。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The best way to travel (travel) is to take a highspeed train.He is the only man to know (know) the truth.The chance to go (go) for a picnic has been ruined.He is always the first to come and the last to leave他总是第一个来，最

22、后一个走。重点句式3while 引导时间状语从句(教材 P32)Put more simply，while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food isdangerous，we already know that sugar is a killer.简而言之，当人们还在争论高脂肪食物是否危险时，我们已经知道糖是杀手。句式分析：句中 while 引导时间状语从句。例 1While he was in prison，he wrote his first novel.他在狱中写出了第一部小说。例 2Nothing much ch

23、anged while he was away.他不在的时候，没有什么太大变化。翻译她听着收音机睡着了。While she was listening to the radio，she fell asleep.知识拓展(1)while 用作并列连词，表对比，意为“而” 。(2)while 用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“在期间，当的时候”。从句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词。(3)while 用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，相当于 though。(4)while 用作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，相当于 as long as。(5)while 用作名词，意为

24、“一会儿；一段时间”，此时主要用于短语中；after a while 过了一会儿；for a while 暂时，一会儿；all the while 一直，始终等。即学即练完成句子While there is life，there is hope.只要有生命就有希望。The boy is good at maths while his sister is good at Chinese那个男孩擅长数学而他妹妹擅长语文。While I understand what you say，I cant agree with you.尽管我明白你的话，但我还是不同意。They chatted for a

25、while and then went to work.他们聊了一会儿，然后就去上班了。分析长难句1 And， since the dish was also invented recently， it tells us that Americans are not afraid to try newfoods.分析句中 since the dish was also invented recently 为 since 引导的原因状语从句，thatAmericans are not afraid to try new foods 为 that 引导的宾语从句。译文 而且，由于这道菜也是最近才发

26、明的，它告诉我们美国人并不怕尝试新食物。2 It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China， where making dumplingshas always been a family affair with everyonefrom the youngest to the oldestjoining in to help.分析句中 where 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 North China，其中动名词短语 makingdumplings 作主语，现在分词短语 joining in to

27、 help 作介词 with 的宾语补足语。译文 它已经成为中国北方人民最喜爱的传统菜肴，在那里包饺子一直是家庭里每个人的事务，从最年轻的到最年长的，都参与进来帮忙。教材对接高考教材高考1.For example，Americas most popular Chinesedish is General Tsos chicken，which consists offried chicken covered in a sweet sauce，flavouredwith hot red peppers.(2019 浙 江 卷 )Rock music consists of manydifferent

28、 styles.2.ThisisprobablynotanauthenticChineserecipe，however，so it cannot tell us much aboutthe Chinese.(2019北京卷)With her dads permission， she spentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconducting trials to get a recipe that was both tastyand toothfriendly.3.Later ， I learnt that the most famous food in

29、Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with slicedChinese green onions.(2019全国卷 )Handing out sliced oranges tobloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watchingyour own kid score a goal.4.In each place we went ， we experiencedwonderful local dishes，from Guangdongs elegantdim sumsmall servings of food in ba

30、mboosteamersto the exceptional stewed noodles inHenan.(2019 天 津 卷 )I was extremely inspired by theelegant way the words sounded.5.At a minimum，the kinds of food local peopleconsume tell us what they grow in their region，what kinds of lives they lead，and what they likeand do not like.(2019江苏卷)In modern man，the brain accountsfor about 2% 3%of total body weight ， but itconsumes 25% of the bodys energy when thebody is at rest.