（2019版）新人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 1Science and Scientists 单元练习（含答案）.docx

1、Unit 1Science and Scientists【基础训练】.单词语法填空1 The local government is _ (blame) for not informing the public of the case in time.2_ (consequent), this text will describe only the most important ones, starting fromthe sixth century AD.3Today, we are just as closely linked _ each other by the bonds of fr

2、iendship as wewere 20 years ago.4They felt _ (frustrate) at the lack of progress.5Those who lack resistance are more likely to _ (infect) with the virus.6_ (initial), the system worked well, but then we met some challenges.7The priceless treasures _ (cast) into the Nile during the war.8As a sports f

3、an, I _ (subscribe) to several sports channels on TV lastyear.9Joe listened, _ (shift) uncomfortably from one foot to another.10The leak was eventually _ (trace) to a broken seal.完成句子1我们还没决定去哪儿度暑假。We havent decided _ for our summer holiday.2他似乎对他的老师说了谎。_ he told a lie to his teacher.3放学后我要去修自行车。(hav

4、e)Ill _ after school.4通常，公共汽车上太拥挤，我找不到坐的地方。Usually, its _ crowded on the bus _ I cant find anywhere to sit.5Stephen Hawking _ (同意) the big bang theory from the beginning.6The hot weather is partly _ (对负有责任) the water shortage.7For some people, the ability to achieve something _ (与紧密相关)their attitude

5、s.8People who _ (接受挑战) were those who were determined andperseverant.9Tea houses in Hangzhou _ (追溯到) the Southern Song Dynasty(11271279).10Small color choices are the ones we _ (非常熟悉的).【能力提升】.阅读More than four decades ago, British scientist Robert Edwards first witnessed the miracle ofhuman life grow

6、ing inside a test tube at his Cambridge lab, Since that groundbreaking moment,more than four million babies have been born through IVF (体外受精)and in 2010 his greatcontribution to science was finally recognized as he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology orMedicine.The prize for Dr. Edwards, who w

7、as given a Daily Mirror Pride of Britain Award in 2008,includes a900，000 cheque. The NobelAssembly described IVF as“a milestone in modernmedicine”With the help of fellow scientist Patrick Steptoe, the Manchesterborn physiologist developedIVFleading to the birth of the worlds first test tube baby. Dr

8、.Steptoe died 10 years later buttheir work has transformed fertility (生育)treatment and given hope to millions of couples.It was a scientific breakthrough that changed the lives of millions of couples. They said,“His achievements have made it possible to treat infertility, a disease which makes human

9、s unableto have a baby. This condition has been afflicting a large percentage of mankind, including morethan 10% of all couples worldwide.”Professor Edwards, who has 5 daughters and 11 grandchildren,began his research atCambridge University in 1963, after receiving his PhD in 1955. He once said, “Th

10、e mostimportant thing in life is having a child. Nothing is more special than a child.”With the help offellow scientist Patrick Steptoe, Prof. Edwards founded the Bourn Hall clinic in Cambridgeshire,which now treats more than 900 women a year. Each year, more than 30，000 women in Britainnow undergo

11、IVF and 11，000 babies are born as a result of the treatment.But his work attracted widespread criticism from some scientists and the Catholic Churchwho said it was “unethical and immoral”Martin Johnson, professor of reproductive (生殖的) sciences at the University of Cambridge,said the award was “long

12、overdue”. He said, “We couldnt understand why the Nobel has comeso late but he is delightedthis is the cherry on the cake for him.”Professor Edwards was too ill to give interviews but a statement released by his family saidhe was “thrilled and delighted”1What is Robert Edwards contribution to scienc

13、e?AChallenging a disease which stops couples having a baby.BSeeing the wonder of the first tube baby growing.CEnabling millions of couples to live a better life.DHelping couples with infertility to have test tube babies.2What does the underlined word “afflicting” in Paragraph 4 most probably refer t

14、o?ATroubling.BDeveloping.CImproving.DFrightening.3What can be inferred from Paragraph 6 and Paragraph 7?ASome people envied Professor Edwards for his being awarded.BDifferent opinions were voiced on Professor Edwards work.CProfessor Edwards deserved the prize for his breakthrough.D.The prize was lat

15、e because the finding was first considered immoral.4What might be the best title for the passage?ALife Stories of Robert EdwardsBPreparations for Having a BabyCNobel Prize for IVF Expert EdwardsDTreatment of Infertility in a Lab.七选五Nature soothes(抚慰) our stressedout souls.We know that nature is the

16、best treatment,and new research suggests we can gain benefits while visiting parks._1_The study published in the International Journal of Environmental HealthResearch found that spending 20 minutes in a city park can make you happier, whether you usethat time to exercise or not.“In general, we found

17、 park visitors reported having an improvement in emotionalwellbeing (健康) after the park visit，” the studys lead author, Professor Hon K. Yuen at theUniversity ofAlabama at Birmingham said in a statement._2_“Instead, we found timespent in the park is related to improved emotional wellbeing.”For the s

18、tudy, 94 adults visited three city parks in Mountain Brook, Alabama, completing aquestionnaire about their subjective wellbeing before and after their visits._3_Avisit ofbetween 20 and 25 minutes showed the best results, with an increase of about 64% in theparticipants selfreported wellbeing, even i

19、f they didnt move a great deal in the park._4_The study group was truly small, as the studys coauthor and another UAB professor, GavinJenkins, admitted._5_The challenge facing cities is that there is increasing evidenceabout the value of city parks but we continue to see the decrease of these spaces

20、.ASomething was used to track their physical activity.BYou usually visit a small green space in your neighborhood.C.However, its findings pointed out the importanceof city parks.DIf you want to feel happier, you just need to exercise for 20 minutes in a park.EThe best part is that you neednt visit a

21、 national park or go far out of your way.FThis means people can benefit from visiting a nearby park, despite of physical ability.GBut we didnt find levels of physical activity are linked to improved emotionalwellbeing.完形填空The worlds youngest DJ who is just two years old has thousands of fans thanks

22、to his ability.Oratilwe Hlongwane, whose DJ name isAJ, is_1_ learning to put together words, but thebaby is already able to_2_and play music from a laptop and has become famous in SouthAfrica. His ability has even_3_him special appearances, with fans_4_to hearhis bassheavy house music.His recent_5_a

23、t a supermarket near his home in Johannesburg_6_alarge crowd as he moved his head to the_7_， with large headphones around his neck. Hismother, Refiloe Marumo,_8_his success to his father Glen Hlongwanes decision to buy aniPad for his then unborn son. Mr. Hlongwane, a gymnastics coach and_9_DJ, had p

24、lannedto download some educational apps for the child as well as a DJ app for himself.Amobile phone recording of him playing music was shared online and the youngster nowhas nearly 25，000 Facebook_10_. However, some people_11_his parents of abusingand making money from their childs ability. Mr. Hlon

25、gwane said he would not “_12_his kid”and that he wasnt allowed to play in clubs or at parties_13_his age. The parents alsoinsisted that they would not_14_ their son to be a DJ when he grew up. They believed hisinterest in electronic equipment would probably decide his future. Mr. Hlongwane added, “I

26、 cansee a_15_Bill Gates here.”,1A.neverBstillCthereforeDmerely2A.createBadoptCselectDtease3A.earnedBexchangedCriskedDupdated4A.desperateBunwillingCadmirableDappropriate5A.movementBcompetitionCreputationDappearance6A.movedBbenefitedCattractedDdisappointed7A.rhymeBflashCpatternDbeat8A.exposedBaccustom

27、edCappealedDowed9A.allergicBcautiousCdevotedDridiculous10A.competitorsBfollowersCsponsorsDexperts11A.accomplishedBacquiredCaccusedDconvinced12A.take charge ofBtake possession ofCtake advantage ofDtake place of13A.due toBin spite ofCrather thanDas well as14A.demandBallowCdoubtDforce15A.realisticBcont

28、emporaryCfutureDPredictable.语法填空One of the premier medical1._(scientist) in the 21st century is ZhongNanshan. Born in 1936 and2._(graduate) from Peking University Health ScienceCenter, this ordinary but great man has been working in the medical field for over 40 years. He isa good doctor in the pati

29、ents eyes and3._kind medical professor in his students aswell.In 2003, SARS broke4._in China and across the globe. Zhong Nanshan notonly led but also5._ (take) an active part in the battle against SARS.At that timemost people had no 6._(nature) defense against the disease. Dangerous7._it was, Zhong

30、Nanshan worked hard treating SARS patients. Meanwhile he underlined the fact8._teamwork among nations could save lives. Through9._ (they) severalmonths hard work, Zhong Nanshan and his workmates achieved remarkable achievements. SoonSARS10._(wipe) out.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Disappo

31、inted and upset, Tom found his money box empty. The coins lying on the bed addedup to $36.22. But the bike he wanted cost $88. Where and how could he get the rest of money? Heknew his fellows all had bikes,without which he couldnt hang around with them on weekends.He thought about asking his parents

32、 for money, but soon gave up because he knew it wouldnthappen.Earning money seemed to be the only way. So he had to find a job first. He decided turn toMr Brown for advice, who usually had opinions in most things. “Well, you can start right here, thefloor needs cleaning and my car needs washing.” Th

33、en Toms parttime jobs began. For twomonths he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was surprised by a variety of jobspeople found for him to do. He could hardly remember how many cars he had washed and howmany windows he had cleaned, but he knew his dream would soon come true because th

34、e moneykept increasing. The day finally came when he counted all the money he earned and found nearly100 dollars. He couldnt wait to go down to the shop to buy his dream bike.It was by hard work that he bought the bike he had been dreaming of. So he cherished it verymuch. He had achieved what he tho

35、ught was impossible,and that was more valuable than thebike.注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右；2请按如下格式作答。Eager to show off his new bike to his fellows, he rode home in ahurry._20 years later, Tom devoted himself to_参考答案【基础训练】.单词拼写1to blame2.Consequently3.to4.frustrated5.be infected6.Initially7.were cast8.subscribed

36、9.shifting10traced.完成句子1where to go2.It seemed that3.have my bike repaired4.so; that5.subscribed to6.to blame for7.is closely linked to8.took on the challenge9.trace back to10.are mostfamiliar with【能力提升】.阅读1D细节理解题。由第三段的第一句中的 leading to the birth of the worlds first test tubebaby 以及第四段的“His achieveme

37、nts have made it possible to treat infertility, a disease whichmakes humans unable to have a baby.”可知， 罗伯特爱德华兹的试管婴儿技术帮助很多不能生育的夫妇有了孩子。故 D 选项正确。2A词义猜测题。由第四段可知，他的成就使患有不孕症的夫妇有孩子成为可能，而这种不孕症一直困扰着全球超过 10%的夫妇。故 A 选项正确。3B推理判断题。由第六段的 But his work attracted widespread criticism 以及第七段的why the Nobel has come so

38、late 可知，人们对于罗伯特爱德华兹的工作持不同的观点。故 B选项正确。4C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，短文主要讲述罗伯特爱德华兹因创立了体外受精技术获得诺贝尔奖以及他研究的过程和受到的褒贬。故 C 选项正确。.七选五1E根据下文中的“spending 20 minutes in a city park can make you happier, whether youuse that time to exercise or not”可知，在公园里待 20 分钟就能让你更快乐，不管你是否利用那段时间来锻炼身体，故此处强调仅仅去公园就可以提高情绪健康(状况)，结合选项可知，E 项符合语境。2G根

39、据空后的“Instead, we found time spent in the park is related to improved emotionalwellbeing”可知，相反，我们发现在公园里度过的时间与情绪健康(状况)改善有关，故可推知，空前表示的是另外一种情况，即“我们没有发现体育活动级别与情绪健康(状况)改善有关”，故 G 项符合语境。3A根据空后的“A visit of between 20 and 25 minutes showed the best results”可知，20到 25 分钟的参观显示出最好的结果，故空前应说明调查的过程，故 A 项“有一些东西被用来追踪他

40、们的体育活动”与上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑。4F根据上文内容可知，20 到 25 分钟的参观显示出最好的结果，参与者的幸福感增加了约 64%，即使他们在公园里不怎么运动。F 项“这意味着人们可以从参观附近的公园中受益，无论他们的体能如何”是对上文的调查做出的总结，并与第二段中的研究结果相呼应。故 F 项符合逻辑。5C根据空前的“The study group was truly small, as the studys coauthor and anotherUAB professor, Gavin Jenkins, admitted”可知，正如研究报告的合著者UAB 的另一位教授 Gavin

41、Jenkins 所说的那样，研究小组的规模确实很小，而空后则指出了当前城市面临的挑战，结合选项可知，C 项“然而，发现指出了城市公园的重要性”承接上下文。.完形填空1 B考查副词词义辨析。 句意： 奥拉提尔威隆韦恩的 DJ 名字是 AJ， 他还在学习说话。never 从不；still 仍然；therefore 因此；merely 仅仅。根据 the baby 可知他还是个婴儿，还在学习说话。故选 B。2C考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这个婴儿已经能够从笔记本电脑上选择和播放音乐，而且在南非已经很出名了。create 创造； adopt 采取； select 选择； tease 取笑。根据常识可知

42、DJ 工作的一部分是挑选和播放音乐。故选 C。3A考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的能力甚至为他赢得了特别的演出。earn 赢得；exchange 交换； risk 冒险； update 更新。根据句意可知此处表示“赢得”特别的演出。故选 A。4A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：粉丝们迫切地想听到他的重低音货仓音乐。desperate 迫切的，绝望的； unwilling 不情愿的； admirable 令人钦佩的； appropriate 合适的。作为粉丝，当然是迫切地想听到他播放的音乐。故选 A。5D考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最近在约翰内斯堡他家附近的一家超市演出，吸引了一大群人。 movement运

43、动， 活动；competition比赛；reputation名声， 声誉；appearance演出。故选 D。6 C考查动词词义辨析。 句意同上。 move 移动； benefit 受益； attract 吸引； disappoint使失望。故选 C。7D考查名词词义辨析。句意：他脖子上挂着大耳机，头随着节拍晃动。rhyme押韵；flash 闪光；pattern 图案；beat 节拍。故选 D。8D考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲 Refiloe Marumo 将他的成功归功于他的父亲Glen Hlongwane 的决定，他为当时未出生的儿子买了一台苹果平板电脑。expose 暴露；accus

44、tom 习惯；appeal 呼吁；owe 归功于。owe ones success to意为“把某人的成功归功于”。故选 D。9C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hlongwane 先生，一名体操教练和狂热的 DJ。allergic 过敏的；cautious 小心的； devoted 狂热的；ridiculous 荒谬的。 根据 as well as a DJ appfor himself 可知他自己也是一名狂热的 DJ。故选 C。10B考查名词词义辨析。句意：一段他演奏音乐的手机录像在网上被分享，现在这个孩子在 Facebook 上有近 2.5 万名粉丝。 competitor 竞争者； foll

45、ower 拥护者， 追随者； sponsor赞助商；expert 专家。根据 Facebook 可知这些人是他的粉丝。故选 B。11C考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一些人指责他的父母滥用他们孩子的能力并从中赚钱。 accomplish 完成； acquire 获得； accuse 谴责； convince 使确信。 根据 abusing and makingmoney 可知此处表示“谴责”，accuse sb. of doing sth.意为“谴责某人做某事”。故选 C。12 C考查动词短语词义辨析。 句意： Hlongwane 先生说他不会“利用他的孩子”。take charge of 接管

46、，负责；take possession of 占有，占领；take advantage of 利用；take placeof 代替，取代。根据上文人们指责 Hlongwane 夫妇滥用孩子的能力赚钱，可知此处是他父亲回应不会利用他的孩子谋财。故选 C。13A考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：因为他的年龄不允许他在俱乐部或派对上演奏。due to 由于；in spite of 尽管，不顾；rather than 而不是；as well as 还有，也。他只有两岁，因此不允许参加俱乐部或派对。故选 A。14D考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对父母还坚称，他们不会强迫儿子长大后当 DJ。demand 需要； a

47、llow 允许； doubt 怀疑； force 迫使。 根据 They believed his interest in electronicequipment would probably decide his future.可知他的父母不会强迫他长大后当 DJ。故选 D。15C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hlongwane 先生补充道：“我在这里能看到未来的比尔盖茨。 ”realistic 现实的；contemporary 同时代的；future 将来的； predictable 可预见的。根据上文中 would probably decide his future 可知这里指未来。故选

48、C。.语法填空【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主要介绍了医学专家钟南山的生平以及他的主要成就。1scientists考查名词的数。one of 后接复数名词。故填 scientists。2graduating考查非谓语动词。动词 graduate 与其逻辑主语 this ordinary but great man之间构成主动关系，所以用现在分词短语作状语。故填 graduating。3a考查冠词。此处表示泛指，结合空后的 kind 可知应用不定冠词 a。故填 a。4out考查固定短语。根据语境可知，此处表示 2003 年，SARS 在中国爆发并扩散至全球。break out 意为“爆发

49、”，符合语境，故填 out。5took考查动词的时态。本句中 not only.but also.连接并列的谓语，根据 led 可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填 took。6 natural考查形容词。 名词 defense 前应用形容词修饰。 故填 natural， 表示“天然的”。7as/though考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示尽管危险，但钟南山努力工作，治疗SARS 病人。此处形容词 Dangerous 位于句首构成倒装语序， 所以用连词 as/though 引导让步状语从句。故填 as/though。8that考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导同位语从句，解释名词 fact

50、，所以用 that。9their考查代词。名词 work 前应用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填 their。10was wiped考查动词的时态和语态。动词短语 wipe out 与句子主语 SARS 之间是被动关系，且事情发生在 2003 年，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was wiped。.写作参考范文：Eager to show off his new bike to his fellows, he rode home in a hurry. His fellows weremore than glad that Tom owned his bike so that they cou