Unit 4 单词精讲ppt课件- (1)-（2019版）新人教版选择性必修第三册高中英语.pptx

1、Unit 4单词精讲单词精讲1qualified adj. 符合资格；具备的知识(或技能、学历等)(1)a qualified accountant/teacher 一位合格的会计师一位合格的会计师/教师教师to be highly/suitably/fully qualified 非常非常/正好正好/完全合格完全合格be qualified for sth. 具有做某事的资格，知识或技能具有做某事的资格，知识或技能be/feel qualified to do sth. 有资格做某有资格做某事事(2)qualify vt. 使具有资格；证明使具有资格；证明合格合格 vi. 取得资格；有资格取

2、得资格；有资格qualify for sth. 有权；使用权有权；使用权(做某事做某事)qualify as 取得取得资格；作为资格；作为合适合适qualify sb. for sth. 使某人具备做某事的资格使某人具备做某事的资格(3)qualification n. 资格；资历；学历资格；资历；学历have the qualifications for 有资格做某事有资格做某事单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)All the colleagues consider him to be a very _ (qualify) teacher in this school. (2)Many peop

3、le think Mr Li is quite qualified _ (be) headmaster of this school. (3)She graduated from a university and I think she is qualified _ this position. (4)Mrs Wang has taken a certificate and she qualifies _ a bus driver. (5)His wife has the _ (qualify) for lawyer, but she is now working in a company.

4、qualifiedto beforasqualifications2enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的(1)be enthusiastic about对对热情热情/感兴趣感兴趣(2)enthusiasm n. 热心；热情；热衷的事物热心；热情；热衷的事物be full of enthusiasm充满热情充满热情(3)enthusiastically adv. 热心地；狂热地热心地；狂热地单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)Hes always been very enthusiastic _ sports. (2)Today, I am just as _ (enthusiasm)

5、about my job as the day I first started. (3)Every day, she works _ (enthusiastical). aboutenthusiasticenthusiastically3assign vt. 分派；布置；分配assign sb. sth. assign sth. to sb. 分配某物给某人分配某物给某人assign sb. to sth. /as sth. 指定指定/指派某人做某事指派某人做某事assign sb. to do sth. 指定指定/安排某人做某事安排某人做某事Theyve assigned their bes

6、t man to the job. The two large classrooms have been assigned to us. The teacher assigned a different task to each of the children. We have been assigned the two large classrooms. The teacher assigned each of the children a different task. UN forces have been assigned to help with peacekeeping. 4aba

7、ndon vt. 放弃；舍弃；抛弃(1)abandon sb. (不顾责任、义务等不顾责任、义务等)遗弃某人遗弃某人be abandoned by被被所抛弃所抛弃abandon sth. to sb. /sth. 放弃某物给某人或某物放弃某物给某人或某物abandon a place/sth. 离开某地离开某地/某物某物abandon faith/hope失去信心失去信心/希望希望abandon oneself to sth. /doing sth. 沉溺于沉溺于(做做)某事某事abandon ones hope/plan/idea放弃希望放弃希望/计划计划/主意主意(2)abandoned

8、adj. 被抛弃的；被遗弃的被抛弃的；被遗弃的【语境助记】【语境助记】The child was abandoned by his parents. Eventually the abandoned boy was found wandering in the street，abandoning himself to despair. abandon vt 句中学句中学1. Even in his darkest moments, Beethoven never abandoned hope. 译林新选必 22. People find all sorts of excuses for aba

9、ndoning an animal. 2010 北京3. Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles. 4. Fearing further attacks, most of the population had abandoned the city. 放弃放弃遗弃遗弃离弃离弃离弃离弃abandon写出下列句子中画线部分精准的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分精准的汉语释义。1. The match was abandoned because of bad weather. _2. The search for the missing s

10、ailors was abandoned after two days. _3. Fearing further attacks, most of the population had abandoned the city._4. The market might abandon the stock, and knock down its price. _5. A shared bike is left abandoned at a bus stop. _adj 被被遗弃的遗弃的放弃放弃 / / 终止终止离弃离弃清理清理取消取消完成句子完成句子(1)The captain ordered al

11、l people to _ (弃船). (2)The country _ (不再支持他们的政治领导人) after the war. (3)The villagers _ (放弃他们的村庄，把它留给敌人). (4)They _ (停止了比赛) because of rain. (5)He felt hopeless and _ _(整天到处闲逛).abandon shipabandoned their political leadersabandoned their village to the enemiesabandoned the matchabandoned himself to pl

12、aying around all day long5belongings n. pl. 财物；动产(1)a sense of belong归属感归属感personal belongings个人财产个人财产(2)belong vi. 属于属于belong to属于，无被动语态，也不用于进行时。属于，无被动语态，也不用于进行时。单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)China is a country _ (belong) to the third world. (2)As we know, lions _ (belong) to the cat family. (3)On the train all h

13、er belongings _ (steal) last week. (4)That red car belongs _ Miss Li. belongingbelongtowere stolen6voyage n. &vi. 航行；航海完成句子完成句子(1) _ has been one of unbroken smoothness. 他的人生旅程一直一帆风顺。(2)They died of thirst _ . 他们在航行途中因缺水而死亡。(3) _ took him 600,000 kilometers in orbit. 他的太空之旅有600 000公里是在轨道上航行。(4) _ wi

14、ll take us a week. 我们航行到英国将历时一周。The voyage of his lifeon the voyageThe voyage to EnglandThe voyage in space7resolve n. 决心；坚定的信念(1)resolve v. 解决；解答；决心；决定解决；解答；决心；决定resolve sth. 解决某事解决某事resolve to do sth. 决定做某事决定做某事resolve on doing sth. 决定做某事决定做某事(2)resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定决议；解决；坚定单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)They ma

15、de a firm resolve _ (set) up a company of their own to realize their dream. (2)Mike resolved _ (run) for the mayor of their city. (3)He has already resolved on _ (ask) Mary for marriage. (4)They havent found a proper _ (resolve) to that problem.to setto runresolutionasking8turn down 拒绝；调小(音量)turn to

16、求助于；翻到求助于；翻到(书的某页书的某页)；开始从事；查阅；转向；开始从事；查阅；转向turn into变成变成turn up出现；露面；调大出现；露面；调大turn out证明是；结果是；外出证明是；结果是；外出turn over打翻；翻身；移交打翻；翻身；移交turn off关掉关掉(电源等电源等)turn on打开打开(开关开关)If you turn to Page 40, you will find it. While in trouble, you can turn to her for help. He didnt turn up at the meeting until ha

17、lf past ten. Your father is working, so please turn down the TV a little. It turned out he was the General Manager of the company. Follow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left. A piece of ice will turn into water if it is taken into a warm room.He turned over the thermos bottle b

18、y accident and had his foot burned. After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism. He turned down my suggestion and turned over the business to his daughter. Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal? 完成句子完成句子(1)The book turns _ to be

19、 one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. (2)The species they indirectly attack will turn _ top predators(捕食者). (3)Turn _ an online instructor for help. (4)Mike promised to come, but Im not sure why he hasnt turned _ yet. (5)He turned _ the TV and sat down on the sofa to watch the

20、 football game. (6)Now you must turn _ your radio and go to bed at once. outintouponoffto9cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的(1)it is cruel to do sth. 做某事是残忍的、残酷的做某事是残忍的、残酷的be cruel to sb. 对某人残酷对某人残酷(2)cruelly adv. 残酷地；非常地残酷地；非常地(3)cruelty n. 残酷；残忍；残酷的行为残酷；残忍；残酷的行为No animal escapes the cruel knife in the end. Do

21、uglas was often cruelly tormented by jealous siblings. Its extremely cruel to perform an experiment on live animals. His life has been cruelly shattered by an event not of his own making. The cold, hard cruelty of two young men is vividly brought to life in this true story. 选用选用cruel, cruellycruel,

22、cruelly或或crueltycruelty填空填空(1)I cant stand people who are _ to animals. (2)So _ is the man that he never shows any mercy to whoever is against his opinion. (3)Their beautiful dream was broken _ . (4)You will answer for your _ to the people around you. (5)Both were _ tired, yet Becky said she thought

23、 she could go a little farther. cruelcruelcrueltycruellycruelly10thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的(1) thorough cleaning/examination/inspection/checkup/ investigation一场彻底的大扫除一场彻底的大扫除/检查检查/视察视察/核查核查/调查调查(2) thoroughly adv. 彻底地；完全地彻底地；完全地【易【易混辨析】混辨析】(1)thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的深入的；彻底的(2)though adv. 虽然；可是虽然；可是conj.

24、 虽然；尽管虽然；尽管(3)through prep. 穿过；通过穿过；通过adv. 从头到尾；直达地；彻底，从头到尾；直达地；彻底，完全完全(4)thought n. 思想，也是思想，也是think的过去式及过去分词形式的过去式及过去分词形式完成句子完成句子(1) _，four things are necessary. 为了完全掌握一门外语，有四点是必要的。(2)This explanation, of course, _ by everyone present. 当然，在场的每一个人都完全理解这种解释。(3)Engineers carried out _ of the track. 工程

25、师对轨道进行了彻底检查。(4)The police carried out _ . 警方展开了全面的调查。(5)Detectives carried out _ of the building. 侦探对那栋大楼进行了彻底的搜查。In order to know a foreign language thoroughlywas thoroughly understooda thorough investigationa thorough searcha thorough inspection11application n. 应用；申请；应用程序；敷用(1)apply vt. 应用；敷药，涂抹应用

26、；敷药，涂抹vi. 申请，适用；专心申请，适用；专心apply for sth. 申请申请(得到得到)某物某物apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物向某人申请某物be applied to适用于；应用于适用于；应用于apply sth. to将某物涂抹于将某物涂抹于be applied to应用于应用于apply oneself to致力于致力于(2)applicant n. 申请人申请人The results of this research can be applied to new developments in technology. Students learne

27、d the practical application of the theory they had learned in the classroom. 单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)He slowed the bleeding by _ (apply) pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. (2)So far, more than one hundred people have applied _ this position. (3)This new medicine can be applied to

28、_ (treat) COVID-19(4)His grandfather has applied _ (he) to teaching all his life. (5)Twenty _ (apply) have asked for this job, so you are lucky to have been admitted. (6)You ought to hand in your _ by the end of this month if you want this job. applyingforhimselfapplicationtreatingapplicants12recrea

29、tion n. 娱乐；消遣；游戏(1)recreation n. 娱乐，消遣娱乐，消遣(不可数不可数)；娱乐活动；娱乐活动(可数可数)(2)recreational adj. 娱乐的；消遣的娱乐的；消遣的单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)The town and its environment are inviting, with _ (recreation) attractions and art museums. (2)There are all kinds of _ (recreation) in our school when school is over. recreationalrec

30、reations13guidance n.指导，引导；导航(1)under ones guidanceunder the guidance of sb. 在某人的指导下在某人的指导下guidance for sb. on sth. 就某事给予某人的指导就某事给予某人的指导seek guidance from sb. 向某人寻求指导向某人寻求指导(2)guide n. 指南；指导；导游指南；指导；导游vt. 给某人领路给某人领路guide sb. to引导某人到引导某人到You can seek guidance from Professor Wang if you are not sure i

31、n your work. However, my friend and guide, Wang Ping, was very understanding and gave me some green tablets which helped a lot. 14advertising n.广告活动；广告业(1)advertise vt. &vi. 公布；宣传；做广告公布；宣传；做广告advertise for征聘；公布征聘；公布be advertised as被宣传为被宣传为advertise a product/a business/your services 做广告宣传产品做广告宣传产品/企

32、业企业/你的服务项目你的服务项目(2)advertiser n. 登广告者；广告商登广告者；广告商(3)advertisement n. (以图片、文字等方式出现的以图片、文字等方式出现的)广告广告(4)advertise vt. &vi. 分布；宣传；做广告分布；宣传；做广告单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)If you want to attract more customers, try _ (advertise) in the local paper. (2)We are currently advertising _ a new sales manager. (3)She adverti

33、ses herself _ the best cook in the town. (4)The _ (advertise) spoke too highly of their products in the advertisement. (5)Now we can see _ (advertise) almost everywhere. advertisingforadvertiserasadvertisements15commitment n.承诺；保证；奉献(1)commitment to sb. /(doing) sth. 对某人对某人/某事的承诺某事的承诺(2)commitment t

34、o sb. /sth. 献身；奉献；投入献身；奉献；投入(3)commitment n. (可数可数)已承诺的事；不得不做的事已承诺的事；不得不做的事(4)commitment n. (不可数不可数)花费；使用花费；使用the commitment of resources to education 对教育的资源投入对教育的资源投入【拓展提升】【拓展提升】(1)commit vt. 做，干；多用于错误的事、坏事做，干；多用于错误的事、坏事commit a mistake犯错误犯错误 commit a crime犯罪犯罪commit suicide自杀自杀(2)commit vt. 承诺承诺co

35、mmit sb. /oneself to sth. /to doing sth. 承诺；保证承诺；保证写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. The companys commitment to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success. _2. I was impressed by the energy and commitment shown by the players. _ 3. Women very often have to have a balanc

36、e between work and family commitments. _4. Achieving success at this level requires a commitment of time and energy. _ 奉献精神奉献精神 承诺承诺家庭事务家庭事务投入投入commitment写作同义异构：你还能想到哪些表示写作同义异构：你还能想到哪些表示“专注于专注于 / / 致力于做某事致力于做某事”的表达？的表达？be lost in devote oneself to focus on be occupied in be absorbed indevote to be i

37、nvolved in be engaged inbe dedicated to sth bury oneself in be employed in doing sthconcentrate on完成句子完成句子(1)I have _，and there is no way to draw back. 我既然已做了保证， 就无法收回。(2)He has _ them. 他答应负担他们的生活。(3)Women often have to juggle work with their _ . 妇女经常得两头兼顾，既要工作又要照管家庭。(4)To provide more job chances i

38、s the governments _ public services. 提供更多的就业机会是政府对公共服务事业做出的承诺。committed myselfcommitted himself to supportfamily commitmentscommitment to16make fire 生火be on fire在燃烧在燃烧under fire受到攻击受到攻击catch fire着火着火light a fire点火点火put out a fire灭火灭火play with fire玩火；冒险玩火；冒险be on fire for因因而激动；充满激情而激动；充满激情be full of

39、fire充满激情充满激情set fire to sth. set sth. on fire放火烧某物放火烧某物完成句子完成句子(1)Tell the children not to _ in the house. Its too dangerous. (2)There is a big forest fire on the hill. A lot of firefighters have been sent to _ . (3)Its so cold in the open air. Shall we _ to keep ourselves warm?(4)Look, the car is _

40、. Lets go and put it out. (5)Its too dark on the country road. We had to _ to give light. play with fireput out the firemake a fireon firelight a fire17give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)give away赠送；分发；颁发；泄露赠送；分发；颁发；泄露give back归还；送回；使恢复归还；送回；使恢复give in屈服；让步屈服；让步give out分发；耗尽；发出分发；耗尽；发出give up放弃放弃He made the choi

41、ce to give all his money away. We gave away 5,000 plastic bags at the exhibition. The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day. In 1958 he gave up teaching to become a full-time writer. High above, the sky was filled with gas that gave off light like the sun. 完成句子完成句子(1)She decided to giv

42、e these old clothes _ . (2)Youve given _ a good chance of success. (3)It isnt mine; I must give it _ to the owner. (4)He will soon give _ because he cannot win the game. (5)The English teacher gave _ the examination papers at 7:50(6)I cant answer that puzzle; I give _ . awaybackin/upout/awayup/inawa

43、y18motive n. 动机；目的；原因a motive for (doing) sth. 做某事的动机做某事的动机a motive to do sth. 做某事的动机做某事的动机完成完成/ /翻译句子翻译句子(1)The police are looking for his _ (犯罪的动机). (2) _ (我不清楚他这样做的动机). motive for the crime/ motive to commit the crimeIm not aware of his motive in doing that19sign up 注册；签名；报名(1)sign up注册；签名；报名；签雇用

44、合约注册；签名；报名；签雇用合约(2)sign up for sth. 报名参加某项活动报名参加某项活动You should sign up for creative courses. Whoever wants to go there must sign up here. Can you tell me where to sign up for travelling?Excuse me, is this where I sign up for the Annual Fun Run?20cope with 应付；处理(1)cope是一个不及物动词。如果接宾语，则必须加上介是一个不及物动词。如果

45、接宾语，则必须加上介词词with。(2)to deal successfully with sth. difficult (成功地成功地)对付；对付；处理困难的事情处理困难的事情(3)cope with sb. 意为意为“同某人竞争同某人竞争”。(4)to accept sth. unpleasant or bear it接受或容忍不愉快接受或容忍不愉快的事情的事情Such qualities can help us cope in a crisis, no matter what or where it is. She was able to cope with bringing up he

46、r three children with only three hundred dollars. 完成句子完成句子(1)Im sure you can _ . 我相信你能够处理好这个危机。(2)You should learn to _ . 你应当学会与同学竞争。(3)I cant _ . 我受不了这里的恶劣天气。(4)Things have gone to such a situation that I _ . 情况已经到了这种境地，我完全应付不了。(5)In our company robots _ . 在我们公司机器人把所有的事情都处理了。cope with the crisiscop

47、e with the bad weather herecant cope withcope with everythingcope with your classmates水面水面“粗糙的粗糙的”气流气流“粗糙的粗糙的”“粗糙的粗糙的”思考思考即不确切即不确切“粗糙的粗糙的”感受感受即不舒服即不舒服“粗糙的粗糙的”环境环境即不安全即不安全道路道路“粗糙的粗糙的”rough 语义网络图语义网络图粗糙的粗糙的rough（基本义）（基本义） （表面）粗糙的；（表面）粗糙的；（道路）崎岖的（道路）崎岖的 （天气）恶劣的；（天气）恶劣的；有暴风雨的有暴风雨的风浪大的风浪大的粗略的粗略的艰难的；难受的艰难

48、的；难受的多暴力的；犯罪率多暴力的；犯罪率高的高的rough一、一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. Because the areas used for playing fields are often rough and rocky, millions of real balls go flat within 24 hours.（2013 湖南） _2. The Atlantic Ocean has personalities: sometimes peaceful and pleasant, on rare occasions rough and w

49、ild; always it is strong and striking.（2013 重庆改） _3. The first year was rough, but things have gotten better. _4. We were only able to make a rough estimate of how much fuel would be required. _高低不平高低不平的的风浪大的风浪大的艰难的艰难的大致的大致的 / / 粗略的粗略的二、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。二、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。1. Cathy finally joined our local s

50、wim team. The team practice, however, was _ （艰难的开始）.（2016 天津）2. Though the span of water is less than 100 miles wide, it is _ （风浪大且危险）. （2012 天津） 3. She found writing helped her _（度过艰难的日子）. （2011 全国）4. I dont understand what the engineer means, but Ive got a _ （大致知道）of the project plan.（2009 浙江）5. A