（2019版）新人教版选择性必修第三册英语Unit 4 Space exploration 单元练习 （含答案）.docx

1、UnitUnit 4 4SpaceSpace explorationexploration单元单元练习练习(满分:120 分;时间:100 分钟)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分 50 分)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AA good book about space can inspire an interest in exploring the universe. Ifyoure hoping for a holiday gift for your kids, youre in the righ

2、t place.Margaret and the MoonAge range: 48In Margaret and the Moon, Dean Robbins outlines the pioneering softwareengineers life, from the backyard of her childhood home, where she put forward amillion questions about the night sky, to the hallways of NASA, where she led a teamfrom MIT to develop the

3、 onboard flight software that would land the first men on themoon.I am Neil ArmstrongAge range: All agesIn I am Neil Armstrong, the bestselling(畅销的) author Brad Meltzer shows kidshow Neil Armstrong made it all the way to the moon. Meltzer begins the story withyoung Armstrong trying to climb to the t

4、op of a silver maple tree after falling andgetting back up. He continued this spirit throughout his career(职业).Look Inside SpaceAge range: 3 and upFor parents of young kids, Usbornes prizewinning Look Inside Space is a mustto share the history and technology of space exploration with starry-eyed kid

5、s. Itexplores the history of human space flight and the basics of stars and planets. Itsenjoyable to all space fans, but is especially good for pre-school and kindergarten-agekids.Max Goes to the Space StationAge range: All agesJeffrey Bennetts tale about a dog called Max and his adventures to theIn

6、ternational Space Station isnt only an accurate look at what life in space is like. Thebook was actually sent into space and joined the stations library in 2014 as part of theStory Time from Space project. It enables readers to learn all sorts of fun facts aboutspace.1.Whats the text mainly intended

7、 to introduce?A.How to find holiday gifts for your kids.B.Some kids space books for the holidays.C.How to inspire kids interest in the universe.D.Some books about the theories of the universe.2.Which book can inspire a sense of determination in readers?A.Max Goes to the Space Station.B.Margaret and

8、the Moon.C.I am Neil Armstrong.D.Look Inside Space.3.In which aspect is Max Goes to the Space Station different from the other threebooks?A.It has experienced space travel.B.It is suitable for kids of all ages.C.It is a biography (传记)of an astronaut.D.It has won a prize as a bestseller.BEdmond Halle

9、y was an English scientist. He studied the observations ofcomets(彗星)which other scientists had made. The orbit(轨道) of one particularcomet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neithercould other scientists who dealt with such problems.However, Halley had a friend nam

10、ed Isaac Newton, who was a brilliantmathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he couldnot find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comethad the shape of an ellipse(椭圆形).Then Halley set to work. He figured out the orbits of some of th

11、e comets that hadbeen observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that hadappeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet theirappearance had been 75 or 76 years apart.This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different comets followed the sameorbit. The

12、 more Halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not beenthree different comets as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen thesame comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain though(然而) to make apred

13、iction(预言) of what would happen in the future. He predicted that this wouldappear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could betested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had diedsome years before. Ever since then that comet has been

14、called Halleys comet, in hishonour.4.Edmond Halley figured out the orbit of.A.some different comets appearing several timesB.the same comet appearing at different timesC.three different comets appearing at the same timeD.several comets appearing at the same time5.Halley made his discovery.A.by doing

15、 experimentsB.by means of his own careful observationC.by using the work of other scientistsD.by chance6.When did Halley make a surprising, but correct prediction?A.In 1704.B.In 1705.C.In 1706.D.In 1707.7.This passage in general is about.A.Halley and other scientistsB.the orbit of a cometC.Newton an

16、d HalleyD.Halley and his discoveryCOf all the planets, none has captured(引起) the worlds imagination like Mars. Itsreddish(微红的) colour and changes in brightness over time make the planet anunforgettable sight.In Cosmos:A SpaceTime Odyssey, a television series from the 1980s, scientistCarl Sagan talke

17、d about some traditional ideas about Mars. Some of these ideas arefrom the English science fiction writer H. G. Wells The War of the Worlds. Othersare from the mistaken science of Percival Lowell, an American astronomer whobelieved intelligent beings lived on Mars. Wells described Martians as threat

18、ening.Lowell imagined them as the hopeful engineers of great works. Carl Sagan said thatboth ideas influenced the public deeply.Today, Mars continues to excite humansnot as the object of science fiction butof scientific studies. Space scientists have collected a wealth of(大量的) informationfrom spacec

19、rafts that have orbited, landed on and dug into the Martian surface.The Smithsonians “Mars Day” offered a chance for people of all ages to touchMars, or at least a piece of it. Allison and Alycia from Silver Spring,Maryland,brought their children, Grace, Sam, Ryan and Emma. They heard aboutMars and

20、its geology(地质) from experts. They could see a test version of the Vikinglanders that reached Mars in July of 1976. They also saw meteorites(陨石) known tohave come from the red, or reddish planet. Eight-year-old Sam learned that theancient description of Mars as red is not exactly right. He said,“Its

21、 actually orangemore than red and its also kind of brown.” Emma was six. She learned about thevolcanic(火山引起的) activity that has shaped the surface of Mars. She said,“Theclosest thing to Marsthe stuffis from volcanoes mostly.”“Mars Day” offered Allison and Alycias children a chance to learn more abou

22、t aworld that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes.8.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A.Why Martians were considered threatening.B.Why Mars has captured the worlds imagination.C.What people generally thought of Mars in the past.D.How H. G.Wells got the idea for his science fict

23、ion.9.It is implied in Paragraph 3 that.A.todays space scientists still know nothing about MarsB.todays space scientists are very interested in MarsC.science fiction films are no longer set in MarsD.space scientists havent made any progress in knowing Mars10.What would Sam probably agree?A.Mars is n

24、ot really red.B.No meteorites have come from Mars.C.Mars cannot be described as a little brown.D.The ancient description of the color of Mars is true.11.What is the writers attitude towards the idea that humans will set foot on Mars?A.He thinks it may happen this year.B.He thinks it will always rema

25、in a dream.C.He thinks it will come true within hundreds of years.D.He thinks it may happen in the following decades.DAn experiment which saw salad seeds sent into space has given hope for thefuture of growing food on another planet, according to a recently-published study.The findings have appeared

26、 after two kilograms of seeds spent six months onboard the International Space Station(ISS) with the astronaut, Tim Peake, as part ofhis Principia mission.There, the seeds could have absorbed up to 100 times more radiation(辐射)thanon Earth while being influenced by the violent shaking from the stress

27、es of spacetravel.When the seeds returned to Earth in 2016,600,000 children from schools acrossBritain took part in an experiment, supported by the UK Space Agency, to plant themand monitor their growth, comparing it to that of seeds that had remained on Earth.The results showed that, while the spac

28、e seeds grew more slowly and were moresensitive to ageing, they were still able to survive.Peake said, “When humans travel to Mars, they will need to find ways to feedthemselves, and this research helps us understand some of the biology of seed storageand germination(发芽) which will be important for

29、future space missions.”The Royal Horticultural Society(RHS) tasked 8,600 schools and groups acrossBritain with taking part in the controlled study and recording their results as a scientistwould.It was part of a project called Rocket Science, led by the RHS Campaign forSchool Gardening, in partnersh

30、ip with the UK Space Agency.RHS manager Alana Cama said, “The Rocket Science experiment opened awindow into space biology and allowed young people to be at the forefront of creativeresearch.”“This research project did more than just inspire;it furthered our understandingof the challenges around grow

31、ing plants in unusual environments and the possibilityof growing food on long-term space missions in the future. Inspiring a new generationof botanists and biologists will remain our goal to enrich everyones lives throughplants.”12.What do the findings of the experiment indicate?A.Salad seeds sent i

32、nto space turned out to be a failure.B.Astronauts successfully grew salad seeds on Mars.C.The future of growing plants in space looks bright.D.The radiation makes it impossible for plants to survive.13.Which word can be filled in the blank to complete the research steps?carry the seedsinto spacebrin

33、g themback to Earththegrowing statemakecomparisonsA.Update.B.Observe.C.Protect.D.Improve.14.Unlike those on Earth, the seeds sent into space.A.can grow 100 times larger in sizeB.provide enough food for astronautsC.stop growing when returning to EarthD.are more likely to show signs of ageing15.What c

34、an we learn from what Alana Cama said?A.Growing plants in unusual environments is no longer a challenging task.B.A new generation of botanists and biologists takes the lead in the research.C.The project inspires the interests of the young generation in creative fields.D.The exploration of growing fo

35、od in space is the central mission in the future.第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Over the next 50 years, we are going to send more and better robots to Mars.16There is a limit to what robots can tell us, though, so eventually we will have tosend people to stu

36、dy the planet.Before people can visit Mars, we need to invent a spaceship that can take usthere.17Depending on where Mars and Earth are in their orbits around the sun,it could take between six months and a year to get there.The moon is much closer, and we were there many years ago. Over the next 10y

37、ears, we are going to work on building a new spacecraft.18Once we return to the moon, we are going to build a station so that people canlive and work on the moon for months at a time. This is important so that we have aplace to start from when we want to visit Mars.19By the time you are old enough t

38、o be an astronaut, we will have people spendingmonths on the moon. By the time you are old enough to be a commander of a spacemission, we will be taking trips to Mars. By the time your kids are old enough to beastronauts, we may have people living on Mars. Wouldnt it be cool to get a postcardfrom so

39、meone who was building a house on Mars?20A.Mars is very faraway.B.People will go to live on Mars one day.C.Wouldnt it be cooler if it was you who sent the postcard?D.Using this craft, we will practice the skills we need to go to Mars.E.Those robots will send back better pictures, maps, and weather r

40、eports.F.It would be possible for us to go to Mars in a spacecraft in the near future.G.This is also important because it gives us practice with living away from Earth.16.17.18.19.20.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Snowy wanted to be a show

41、jumping horse. Every day she would21hermum to allow her to jump. Finally, her mum decided she was22enough andthey went into the jumping arena(竞技场).Snowy was very excited, but when she saw how23the jumps were, shestarted shaking. “I cant jump that high. Its a good idea that we24,” she said.Her mum sa

42、id, “I wouldnt expect you to25that high. Theres a log (原木) onthe ground. Why not start jumping over that?” Snowy gathered(积聚) her26,walked to the log and then managed to jump over it.“I did it!” she shouted happily.27, her mum said, “You cant just jump overlogs if you want to be a show jumper.28the

43、low jump over there.”Again, Snowy was29but she tried it and found she could do it. As timewent on, Snowy progressed to taller jumps, until finally she30the arena andlooked at the tallest jumps.Over the past few weeks, something had31. Thesejumps seemed much less32to Snowy. She jumped over them easil

44、y. Her mumlooked with33at her and said, “This is what happens when you start34and build your way up.”So never be afraid of35in life, but start small and keep trying. Then youllbe able to do anything.21.A.askB.warnC.forceD.advise22.A.oldB.fatC.cleverD.careful23.A.deepB.highC.longD.far24.A.waitB.leave

45、C.stayD.settle25.A.seeB.stopC.startD.arrive26.A.speedB.powerC.doubtD.courage27.A.SuddenlyB.ImmediatelyC.HoweverD.Besides28.A.RememberB.TryC.CarryD.Study29.A.nervousB.happyC.upsetD.serious30.A.missedB.likedC.enteredD.needed31.A.appearedB.changedC.begunD.continued32.A.dangerousB.importantC.familiarD.t

46、errible33.A.prideB.angerC.patienceD.kindness34.A.earlyB.youngC.smallD.smart35.A failuresB.worriesC.uncertaintiesD.difficulties第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。About fifty years ago, China successfully launched36(it) first satellite,Dong Fang Hong 1, and started a new c

47、hapter in space exploration.37(mark) its50th anniversary, China National Space Administration announced the name of thecountrys first Mars exploration mission on April 24.The mission, Tianwen, got its name from a famous poet, Qu Yuan,38wrote the long poem Tianwen. In the poem, Qu raised a series of

48、questions concerningthe sky, stars, natural phenomena, myths and the real world, reflecting his doubtsabout traditional ideas and his pursuit of truths.China39(make) remarkable progress in space exploration. As early as 1970,China launched its first satellite, becoming the fifth country in the world

49、 to launchman-made satellites40(independent). Over the past few years, Chinas missions,including the Shenzhou and Change series41(design) to explore outer space,expanded mankinds understanding of Earth and the universe.This time,42Tianwen series will carry out the first Mars explorationmission in 20

50、20.Experts consider it the start of Chinas exploration of Mars,43(represent) amilestone for Chinas move toward deep space.Indeed,44the names deep roots in Chinese traditional culture, it has beenwidely accepted among the public. Tianwen demonstrates the45(determine) andperseverance (坚持不懈) of Chinese