2021年6月大学英语四级考试真题全三套(含答案解析).pdf

1、2021 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题( 第 1 套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay titled Do violent video games lead to violence? . You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Section APart II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Direct

2、ions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). T

3、hen mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Enroll him in a Newcastle football club. B) Send him to an after-school art class. C) Forbid him to draw in his workbook. D) Help him pos

4、t his drawings online. 2.A) Contacted Joe to decorate its dining-room. B) Hired Joe to paint all the walls of its buildings. C) Renovated its kitchen and all the dining-rooms. D) Asked Joe for permission to use his online drawings. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3

5、. A) Get her pet dog back. B) Beg for help from the police. C) Identify the suspect or the security video. D) Post pictures of her pet dog on social media. 4. A) It is suffering a great deal from the incident. B) It is helping the police with the investigation. C) It is bringing the case to the loca

6、l district court. D) It is offering a big reward to anyone who helps. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) Provide free meals to the local poor. B) Help people connect with each other. C) Help eliminate class difference in his area. D) Provide customers with first-c

7、lass service. 6. A) It does not supervise its employees. B) It donates regularly to a local charity. C) It donates regularly to a local charity. D) It is open round the clock. 7. A) They will realise the importance of communication. B) They will come to the caf even more frequently. C) They will car

8、e less about their own background. D) They will find they have something in common. Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you h

9、ear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) A surprise party for Paul s birthday. B

10、) Travel plans for the coming weekend. C) Preparations for Saturday s get-together. D) The new market on the other side of town. 9. A) It makes the hostess s job a whole lot easier. B) It enables guests to walk around and chat freely. C) It saves considerable time and labor. D) It requires fewer tab

11、les and chairs. 10. A) It offers some big discounts. B) It is quite close to her house. C) It is more spacious and less crowded. D) It sells local wines and soft drinks. 11. A) Cook a dish for the party. B) Arrive 10 minutes earlier. C) Prepare a few opening remarks. D) Bring his computer and speake

12、rs. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) For commuting to work. B) For long-distance travel. C) For getting around in Miami. D) For convenience at weekends. 13. A) They are reliable. B) They are compact. C) They are suspicious. D) They are easy to drive. 14. A)

13、 Buy a second-hand car. B) Trust her own judgement. C) Seek advice from his friend. D) Look around before deciding. 15. A) He sells new cars. B) He can be trusted. C) He is starting a business. D) He is a successful car dealer. Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At t

14、he end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single li

15、ne through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Many escaped from farms and became wild. B) They were actually native to North America. C) Many got killed in the wild when searching for food. D) They were hunted by Spanish and Russian explorers. 17. A) Th

16、ey often make sudden attacks on people. B) They break up nature s food supply chain. C) They cause much environmental pollution. D) They carry a great many diseases. 18. A) They lived peacefully with wild pigs. B) They ran out of food completely. C) They fell victim to eagles. D) They reproduced qui

17、ckly. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Taste coffee while in outer space. B) Roast coffee beans in outer space. C) Develop a new strain of coffee bean. D) Use a pressurised tank to brew coffee.20. A) They can easily get burned. B) They float around in the oven.

18、C) They have to be heated to 360 . D) They receive evenly distributed heat. 21. A) They charged a high price for their space-roasted coffee beans. B) They set up a branch in Dubai to manufacture coffee roasters. C) They collaborated on building the first space coffee machine. D) They abandoned the a

19、ttempt to roast coffee beans in space. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It is the best time for sightseeing. B) A race passes through it annually. C) They come to clean the Iditarod Trail. D) It is when the villagers choose a queen. 23. A) Its children s baking

20、skills. B) Its unique winter scenery. C) Its tasty fruit pies. D) Its great food variety. 24. A) The contestants. B) The entire village. C) Jan Newton and her friends. D) People from the state of Idaho. 25. A) She owned a restaurant in Idaho. B) She married her husband in 1972. C) She went to Alaska

21、 to compete in a race. D) She helped the village to become famous. Section APart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage

22、. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Most animals see

23、k shade when temperatures in the Sahara Desert soar to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. But for the Saharan silver ants, 26 from their underground nests into the sunsbrutal rays to 27 for food, this is the perfect time to seek lunch. In 2015 these ants were joined in the desert by scientists from two Belgian

24、 universities, who spent a month in the 28 heat tracking the ants and digging out their nests. The goal was simple: to discover how the 29 adapted to the kind of heat that can 30 melt the bottom of shoes. Back in Belgium, the scientists looked at the ants under an electronic microscope and found tha

25、t their 31 , triangular hair reflects light like a prism, giving them a metallic reflection and protecting them from the suns awful heat. When Ph.D. student Quentin Willot 32 the hair from an ant with 33_ knife and put it under a heat lamp, its temperature jumped. The ants method of staying cool is

26、34 among animals. Could this reflective type of hair protect people? Willot says companies are interested in 35 these ants method of heat protection for human use, including everything from helping to protect the lives of firefighters to keeping homes cool in summer. A) adapting E) extreme I) remote

27、 M) thick B) consciously F) hunt J) removed N) tiny C) crawling G) literally K) species O) unique D) crowded H) moderate L) specimens Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the para

28、graphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.What happens when a language has no words for numbers?Numbers do not exi

29、st in all cultures. There are numberless hunter-gatherers embedded deep in Amazonia, living along branches of the world slargest river tree. Instead of using words for precise quantities, these people rely exclusively on terms analogous to “ a few ” or “ some. ”In contrast, our own lives are governe

30、d by numbers. As you read this, you are likely aware of what time it is, how old you are, your checking account balance, your weight and so on. The exact (and exacting) numbers we think with impact everything from our schedules to our self-esteem. But, in a historical sense, numerically fixated peop

31、le like us are the unusual ones. For the bulk of our species approximately 200,000-year lifespan, we had no means of precisely representing quantities. Whats more, the 7,000 or so languages that exist today vary dramatically in how they utilize numbers. Speakers of anumeric, or numberless, languages

32、 offer a window into how the invention of numbers reshaped the human experience. In a new book, I explored the ways in which humans invented numbers, and how numbers subsequently played a critical role in other milestones, from the advent of agriculture to the genesis of writing. Cultures without nu

33、mbers, or with only one or two precise numbers, include the Munduruku and Pirah? in Amazonia. Researchers have also studied some adults in Nicaragua who were never taught number words. Without numbers, healthy human adults struggle to precisely differentiate and recall quantities as low as four. In

34、an experiment, a researcher will place nuts into a can one at a time, then remove them one by one. The person watching is asked to signal when all the nuts have been removed. Responses suggest that anumeric people have some trouble keeping track of how many nuts remain in the can, even if there are

35、only four or five in total. This and many other experiments have converged upon a simple conclusion: When people do not have number words, they struggle to make quantitative distinctions that probably seem natural to someone like you or me. While only a small portion of the world s languages are anu

36、meric or nearly anumeric, they demonstrate that number words are not a human universal. It is worth stressing that these anumeric people are cognitively normal, well-adapted to the environs they have dominated for centuries. As the child of missionaries, I spent some of my youth living with anumeric

37、 indigenous people, the aforementioned Pirah? who live along the sinuous banks of the black Maici River. Like other outsiders, I was continually impressed by their superior understanding of the riverine ecology we shared. Yet numberless people struggle with tasks that require precise discrimination

38、between quantities. Perhaps this should be unsurprising. After all, without counting, how can someone tell whether there are, say, seven or eight coconuts in a tree? Such seemingly straightforward distinctions become blurry through numberless eyes. This conclusion is echoed by work with anumeric chi

39、ldren in industrialized societies. Prior to being spoon-fed number words, children can only approximately discriminate quantities beyond three. We must be handed the cognitive tools of numbers before we can consistently and easily recognize higher quantities. In fact, acquiring the exact meaning of

40、number words is a painstaking process that takes children years. Initially, kids learn numbers much like they learn letters. They recognize that numbers are organized sequentially, but have little awareness of what each individual number means. With time, they start to understand that a given number

41、 represents a quantity greater by one than the preceding number. This successor principle is part of the foundation of our numerical cognition, but requires extensive practice to understand. None of us, then, is really a numbers person. We are not predisposed to handle quantitative distinctions adro

42、itly. In the absence of the cultural traditions that infuse our lives with numbers from infancy, we would all struggle with even basic quantitative distinctions. Number words and written numerals transform our quantitative reasoning as they are coaxed into our cognitive experience by our parents, pe

43、ers and school teachers. The process seems so normal that we sometimes think of it as a natural part of growing up, but it is not. Human brains come equipped with certain quantitative instincts that are refined with age, but these instincts are very limited. For instance, even at birth we are capabl

44、e of distinguishing between two markedly different quantities for instance, eight from 16 things. But we are not the only species capable of such abstractions. Compared to chimps and other primates, our numerical instincts are not as remarkable as many presume. We even share some basic instinctual q

45、uantitative reasoning with distant nonmammalian relatives like birds. Indeed, work with some other species, including parrots, suggests they too can refine their quantitative thought if they are introduced to the cognitive power tools we call numbers. So, how did we ever invent unnatural numbers in

46、the first place? The answer is, literally, at your fingertips. The bulk of the worlds languages use base-10, base- 20 or base-5 number systems. That is, these smaller numbers are the basis of larger numbers. English is a base-10 or decimal language, as evidenced by words like 14 (four + 10) and 31 (

47、three x 10 + one). We speak a decimal language because an ancestral tongue, proto-Indo-European, was decimally based. Proto-Indo-European was decimally oriented because, as in so many cultures, our linguistic ancestors hands served as the gateway to realizations like five fingers on this hand is the

48、 same as five fingers on that hand. Such transient thoughts were manifested into words and passed down across generations. This is why the word five in many languages is derived from the word for hand. Most number systems, then, are the by-product of two key factors: the human capacity for language

49、and our propensity for focusing on our hands and fingers. This manual fixation an indirect by-product of walking upright on two legs has helped yield numbers in most cultures, but not all. Cultures without numbers also offer insight into the cognitive influence of particular numeric traditions. Cons

50、ider what time it is. Your day is ruled by minutes and seconds, but these entities are not real in any physical sense and are nonexistent to numberless people. Minutes and seconds are the verbal and written vestiges of an uncommon base-60 number system used in Mesopotamia millennia ago. They reside