（新教材）人教版（2019）必修第三册英语Unit4 Space Exploration Discovering useful structures ppt课件.pptx

1、翻译下列句子翻译下列句子, ,并写出不定式在句中充当的句子成分。并写出不定式在句中充当的句子成分。1. The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.翻译：翻译： .成分：成分： .2. There is nothing to worry about.翻译：翻译： .成分：成分： .3. He was always the first to come and the last to leave.翻译：翻译： .成分：成分： .4. Dinosaurs have completely died out on the earth,never to b

2、e seen again.翻译：翻译： .成分：成分： .布朗一家有一栋舒适的房子住。布朗一家有一栋舒适的房子住。定语定语没什么好担心的。没什么好担心的。定语定语他总是第个来他总是第个来, ,最后一个离开。最后一个离开。定语定语恐龙在地球上已彻底灭绝，再也看不见了。恐龙在地球上已彻底灭绝，再也看不见了。结果状语结果状语5. He hrried to the booking of ice only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.翻译翻译: .成分：成分： .6. The boy is old enough to take ca

3、re of himself.翻译翻译: .成分：成分： .7. She got up very early to catch the early bus.翻译翻译: . 成分：成分： .他匆匆赶到售票处，却被告知所有的票都卖完了。他匆匆赶到售票处，却被告知所有的票都卖完了。结果状语结果状语这个男孩已经长大了，可以照顾自己了。这个男孩已经长大了，可以照顾自己了。结果状语结果状语为了赶上早班车，她起得很早。为了赶上早班车，她起得很早。目的状语目的状语阅读下列句子，注意红体部分的用法。阅读下列句子，注意红体部分的用法。1. That football is such a simple game to

4、 play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.2. Dan made1 break for hiscar only to find the driver s door locked.第第1句中的句中的to play是不定式是不定式,作作game的的 。第第2句中的句中的to ind是不定式，作是不定式，作 。定语定语结果状语结果状语1.作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词.或者不定式所修饰的名词或代或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。但词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相

5、应的介词。但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是 time、place或或way时，不定式后面时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。的介词习惯上省去。 Please give me a knife to cut with.请给我一把用来切的刀。请给我一把用来切的刀。Here is some paper for you to write on.这里有一些纸给你写字。这里有一些纸给你写字。He had no money and no place to live(in).他没有钱也没有地方住。他没有钱也没有地方住。We found a way to solve this problem

6、 (in).我们找方到了解决这个问题的方法。我们找方到了解决这个问题的方法。2.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。Have you anything to send ?你有什么东西要寄吗你有什么东西要寄吗? (不定式不定式to send的动作执行者是的动作执行者是“你你”) Have you anyhing to be sent ?你有什么要你有什么要(我或别人我或别人)寄的东西吗寄的东西吗? (不

7、定式不定式to be seat的动作执行者的动作执行者是是“我我”或或“别人别人”）3.用不定式作定语的几种特殊用法。用不定式作定语的几种特殊用法。(1)不定式表将来不定式表将来I borrowed some books to read during my holiday. 我借了一些书在假期里读。我借了一些书在假期里读。(2)用来修饰被序数词、最高级或用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no、all、any等限定的中心词等限定的中心词 He was the best man to do the job.他是做这项工作的最佳人选。他是做这项工作的最佳人选。阅读下列句子阅读下列句子,注意动词不定式作状语的

8、用法。注意动词不定式作状语的用法。To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and ex-perimentation.为了准备面对增强的自主性和责任感，大学有必要成为一个探索和为了准备面对增强的自主性和责任感，大学有必要成为一个探索和实验的时期。实验的时期。I hate it when she calls me at work- -Im always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.我讨厌

9、她在我工作时给我打电话一我总是太忙，不能和她交谈。我讨厌她在我工作时给我打电话一我总是太忙，不能和她交谈。通过观察以上句子通过观察以上句子,我们发现我们发现“too十形容词或副词十形容词或副词+ to do中的动词中的动词不定式表示结果，含有否定的意义，意思是不定式表示结果，含有否定的意义，意思是“ ”;有些表示心情或倾向的形容词如有些表示心情或倾向的形容词如anxious、eager、 glad、 happy 、pleased及及willing等用于等用于to. to结构时结构时,不定式表示不定式表示 的意的意义义,其中其中too的意义等于的意义等于very,可以在其前加可以在其前加only

10、, but成成all等修饰词。等修饰词。动词不定式作目的状语位于句首时，可以用动词不定式作目的状语位于句首时，可以用in order to,但不能但不能用用 :不定式位于句中时，上述两者均可用。不定式位于句中时，上述两者均可用。太太.以致不能以致不能肯定肯定so as to1.动词不定式可在句中作独立成分，不受句子其他部分的影响。常动词不定式可在句中作独立成分，不受句子其他部分的影响。常见的表达有见的表达有to begin / start with首先首先”:to be brief简单地说简单地说，to be frank with you“坦白对你说坦白对你说; to be honest“诚实

11、地说诚实地说”: to tell the truth老实说坦白说老实说坦白说”; to make matters worse“更糟糕的是更糟糕的是”; to sum up总之总之”; needless to say“不用说不用说。I lost my way in complete darkness and, to make matters worse, it began to rain.黑暗中我迷路了，更为糟糕的是黑暗中我迷路了，更为糟糕的是,天下起了雨。天下起了雨。To start with,I wish you a happy New Year.首先，祝您新年快乐。首先，祝您新年快乐。2.

12、动词不定式作后置定语时，动词不定式的逻辑主语若为句子的主动词不定式作后置定语时，动词不定式的逻辑主语若为句子的主语，动词不定式用主动形式，反之，则用被动形式。语，动词不定式用主动形式，反之，则用被动形式。I am going to the supermarket. Do you have something to be bought, Mom?我要去超市了，妈妈你有要买的东西吗我要去超市了，妈妈你有要买的东西吗? (bought 的逻辑主语是的逻辑主语是I，而不是句子主语而不是句子主语you)有些动词或动词短语后接动词不定式或动名词皆可，但以下结构含有些动词或动词短语后接动词不定式或动名词皆可

13、，但以下结构含义截然不同，务必熟练掌握义截然不同，务必熟练掌握:表达法表达法含义含义forget to do sth忘记要去做某事忘记要去做某事forget doing sth忘记做过某事忘记做过某事remember to do sth记得要做某事记得要做某事remember doing sth记得做过某事记得做过某事regret to do sth很邀博要做某事很邀博要做某事regret doing sth后悔做过某事后悔做过某事stop to do sth停下来做另一件事停下来做另一件事stop doing sth停止正在做的事停止正在做的事表达法表达法含义含义try to do sth努

14、力努力/试图做某事试图做某事try doing sth尝试做某事尝试做某事mean to do sth打算做某事打算做某事mean doing sth意味着做某事意味着做某事go on to do sth接着做另一件事接着做另一件事go on doing sth继续做原来的事继续做原来的事cant help to do sth不能帮助做某事不能帮助做某事cant help doing sth情不自禁做某事情不自禁做某事be used to do sth被用于做某事被用于做某事be used to doing sth习惯于做某事习惯于做某事1:单句填空单句填空.(1)Tired and shor

15、t of breath，Andy was the first person （reach）the top of Mount Tai.(2)Xu Haifeng was the first Chinese man (win)the gold medal in the Olympic Games.(3)He told me he hed a composition (write).(4)I think he will have a chance (go) to his hometown.(5)She has no time (see) the film The Wandering Earth.(6

16、)He got up earlier so as (get) to school on time.to reachto winto writeto goto seeto getI.用括号内所给词的正确形式完成下面的短文用括号内所给词的正确形式完成下面的短文 People in many countries like to celebrate the carnival. Dancing can be seen and laughing can be heard in New Orleans, Rio de Janeiro, and most citis in Spain. The residen

17、ts of these cities expect to spend months (practice) their rouines in“samba schools. In Rio de Janeiro,most the citizens take a long time (make) costumes and prepare foats(彩车彩车) for the carnivals parade. Each float has a theme. The costumes are designed (match) this theme, and original dances are ar

18、ranged to represent this idea. It sounds like fun, but its really hard work (organize) all of these. Practicing takes up more time each day as the carnival approaches.In New Orleans, residents compete (name) king of a float. Competition is fierce, and future kings are required ( prove) that they hav

19、e enough money topayfor the Crewe. Building the Crewe and designing and paying for costumes are all part of the kings job.practicingto maketo matchto organizeto be namedto prove单句填空单句填空1. Im very busy this week and cant afford (see) two films.2. Helen had to shout (make) herself heard above the soun

20、d of the music.3. This company was the first ( produce) portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders inthe world.4. Will you lend him a magazine ( read)?5. When we hurried to the station, there happened (be) no bus at that time.6. With a lot of difficult problems (settle), the newly elected pr

21、esident is having a hard time.to seeto maketo produceto readto beto settle同义句转换同义句转换1. He was so angry that he couldnt say anything.-He was too angry anything.2. He said he would write a letter.-He said he would have a letter .3. That you read English in the morning is very important.It is very impo

22、rtant you English in the morning.to readto writeforto read4. He was so strong that he could lift the stone.- He was strong the stone.5. His father went to Beijing for his holiday.- His father went to Beijing his holiday.6. They got up early so that they could get there in time.- They got up early there in time.7. His brother decided that he would buy the book.-His brother decided the book.enough to lift to spend to get to buy