(新教材)人教版必修第一册英语第一单元知识点详解.doc(10页)
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1、第一部分词汇学习1.识别词汇识别词汇: (知道汉语意思即可,教材中标注为非重点词汇)(知道汉语意思即可,教材中标注为非重点词汇)teenagefreshmanconfuingconfuseadvancedextra-curricularsurvivaladdictedChicagoSeoul2. 识别词汇识别词汇: (尽管标着黑体,但是使用频度不高,所以只要求英汉对译)(尽管标着黑体,但是使用频度不高,所以只要求英汉对译)balletgreenhousetitlefluentdebatechallengetopicliteratureextraplategenerationadultclean
2、 up黑体变形词汇1). teenagerteenteenageResearch now says adding fiber to the teen diet may help lower the risk of breast cancer.现在研究表明给青少年的食谱中增加纤维有可能会降低他们患乳腺癌的机率。Parents are concerned that their children may get involved in criminal offences once they reach their teens.父母们担心当孩子们到了 10 几岁的时候他们会卷入刑事犯罪。上面的两个例子
3、的“teen”表示的是“1319 岁的青少年”,所以 teenage 表示青少年时期,而 teenager 则表示一个 10几岁的少年。与之相关的短语还有,in ones teens 在某人 10 几岁的时候。2). movemovingmovablemobilemovementBut the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement.但是因为反疫苗运动,这种疾病正在反弹。For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a com
4、fortable distance from humans.比如,会动的机器人被设定与人类保持适宜的距离。(mobile phone 手机)This dresser is movable; we can take it to our new flat.这个梳妆台是可以移动的,我们能把它搬到新的住所。flat.3). graduategraduate 毕业生graduation 毕业graduate fromAlatest study on the college job market showed that employers wanted to hire 22% fewer graduate
5、s this year than last.一项最新毕业生就业市场的调查表明,今年雇主乐意雇佣新毕业生的人数比去年减少了 22%。I graduated on scholarship and danced professionally for ten years.我靠着奖学金毕业并且以舞蹈为业跳了 10 年。cook, produce,4). obviousobviouslyIt seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains.看起好像很显然进化论更青睐更大的大脑。One solution is obviously to
6、 import foreign workers via immigration.一个明显的解决方案就是通过移民引进外来务工人员。Yellowstone obviously was of this second type, but Christiansen couldnt find the caldera anywhere.很明显,黄石公园是第二类型的,但是 Christiansen 不可能在别的地方再找到喷火山口了。5). responseresponsibleresponsibilityirresponsibleIt has brought up generations of respons
7、ible citizens.这已经教育出几代负责人的公民。Many environmental experts now believe that methane is more responsible for global warming than carbon dioxide很多环境方面的专家认为甲烷比二氧化碳更应该对全球气候变暖负责。6). behavebehaviourPeople believing in freedom are those who behave within the laws and value systems信仰自由的人是那些遵纪守法看重秩序的人。Behave yo
8、urself.He behaved strangely during the meeting.(normal)Existing social networks can be more effective in creating change in peoples behaviour.现有的社交网络能更有效的让人们在行为上有所改变。7). youngyouthIts the stage in the middle of the journey when people feel youth vanishing, their prospects narrowing and deathapproach
9、ing.这是人生的中年阶段,此时人们会感到青春逝去,前景渺茫,死神正来。Agreat decline in young work force is likely to occur in China, for instance.比如,在中国可能会出现年轻劳动力急剧下降的现象。8). editeditoreditionYou should also list the software you use to edit any images.你还应该列举你用来编辑图像的软件。The latest edition 最新版。3. 补充词汇补充词汇: (本单元中出现,但是没列在词汇表中,有些需要掌握(本单元
10、中出现,但是没列在词汇表中,有些需要掌握) 。relaxrelatiohshipchoicedatedecisiondailyabsorbcircuskeeneagercoachboredstrengthrevealcharactercomparecategoryfunctionviolinistorganisationdetailsloganrequirementrecruitassemblymaterialrelax1). You are working too hard. Youd better keep a balance between work and relaxation.你工作
11、太努力了。最好要保持劳逸结合。2). They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world.他们闹着笑着,生活在自己轻松的世界里。3). If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music.如果你想让进餐变得缓慢,那就选择舒缓的音乐。choice1). I have no choice but to bother you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.我别无选择,只能
12、麻烦您帮我改一下我寄给您材料中的错误。2). It had also given me a54, either to leave that page blank or to keep writing the story with hope.54. A. choice B. reward C. promiseD. break它已经让我别无选择,只能是要么停止,要么带着希望继续写下去。3). Dont be too choosy about the part of town you stay in.(particular about, picky about)4). Before choices
13、are finalized, parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their childrens choices.在你做出最终选择前,父母或护工需要被要求去签字确认孩子们的选择。absorb1). I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling.我不想对模特行业变得涉足过深。2). When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.他经常是一忘我的工作就会忘
14、记吃睡。be lost inbe taken into= be buried in 忙于,忘我bore1).Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there.又过了 15 分钟,我变得不耐烦了。 (因为)那位女士依然还在那。2).As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规常规) basis.所有的活动如果每天必做的话都会变得无聊,此为常理。3). In t
15、he former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult.在前一种 情形,我们会怠工,要么因为工作太无聊要么工作太难。compare1). There are several reasons to develop in children before their general cognitive(认知) skills, at least when comparedwith chimps.至少与猩猩相比,在孩子们的基本认知能力形成之前,会出现各种各样样的诱因。4.重点
16、掌握词汇Volunteer1).名词:表示志愿者In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word touch four times using the smartkeyboard.在一项与之相关的调查中,调查者让 100 名志愿者打使用这款智能键盘“touch”这个单词 4 遍。Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24.我们大部分的志愿者年龄都在 1724 岁之间。2).动词:表示志愿去做什么。Since he first started
17、12his car to the young people, Wilson has13astonishing 64, 000 miles.12. A. donatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. volunteering13. A. pavedB. coveredC. measuredD. wandered自从 Wilson 初次用车志愿接送这些年轻人开始,他已经走过了惊人的 64000 英里。preferto1).单独使用,及物动词I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River, the longest river and one
18、of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization.我喜欢沿长江的旅行,长江是中国最长并且也是中华文明的母亲河之一。When I was eighteen, I decided that I really preferred contemporary dance and that I wanted to do it professionally.当我 18 岁时,我认为我真正喜欢的现代舞并且想把现代跳舞作为自己的职业。2).和 would 连用You accidentally reveal(透露)to entire company what menu ch
19、oices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner, or whatholiday youd like to take.你偶然把圣诞聚餐的食谱透露给了公司或者是你想度什么假3).preferA to BThat is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer.鱼喜欢浅水而不喜欢深水因为浅水比较温暖。They gradually lose the habit of migrating in winterThey prefer rubbish
20、 dumps far away to those at home.它们慢慢失去冬天迁徙的习惯。它们喜欢远处的垃圾堆而不喜欢在自己家门口的。4). Prefer to do rather than doId prefer to go for a walk rather than sit here watching them play football.我宁愿去散步而不想坐在这儿看他们踢足球.5). Prefer somebody to do somethingUnlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to stay l
21、onger and spend.不像快餐店,好的餐厅希望顾客待得更长时间来消费。6). 词形变化:Some people like jogging at night and Its a matter of personal _(prefer). (preference)有些人喜欢在夜晚慢跑,这是个人的喜好。I must say I have a strong preference _ this product.( for)我得说我对这种产品非常青睐。They needed to be aroused one way or the other, and they _(prefer) good n
22、ews to bad. (preferred)他们需要这样或那样的刺激而且他们喜好好消息不喜欢坏消息。content1). 形容词:满足满意。常用 be content to do something 或 be content with/inAfter a while she seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery.过了一段时间,她看起来好像乐意把她丈夫一个人留在墓地。She seemed so content in her observation.她看起来对她的观察很满意。Andy is content with th
23、e toy.Andy 对他的玩具很满意。2). 名词:内容,内涵There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.在食品行业,低脂肪低盐只是最近才有的一种趋势。3).过去分词形成的形容词Tania kept the children reasonably quiet and contented.塔妮娅把孩子们哄得安安静静而又心满意足。He wont be contented until hes upset everyone in the office
24、.他不把办公室的每个人弄得心烦意乱就不满足。Suit1). 动词:适合At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions.在展销会上,你可以和种植行家讨论哪种果树最适合你的情况。Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes andhigh-end restaur
25、ants.一些专家怀疑 3D 食品打印机,认为他们比起家用或高端酒店来说,它们更适合快餐店。Very spicy food doesnt suit her (stomach).非常辛辣的食品不适合她的胃口2). 名词:套装Why did Larry purchase an expensive navy suit and golden tie?为什么 Larry 要买那么昂贵的海军服和金色的领带?3). 词形变化To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both childre
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