（新教材）人教版必修第一册英语第二单元知识点详解.doc（10页）

1、第一部分：词汇（红色部分是课文黑体词）1.识别词汇识别词汇： （知道汉语意思即可，教材中标注为非重点词汇）（知道汉语意思即可，教材中标注为非重点词汇）castlevisapowerfulempirearchitectureeconomytombunearththe Eiffel TowerNeuschwanstein CastleIcelandDisneylandPeruthe Andes Mountainsthe Amazon rainforestthe Inca EmpireMachu PicchuSpainSpanishCuscoLake Titicacathe Urosthe Terr

2、acotta ArmyamazedstatueBCEcredit cardaccommodationsiteemperorbrochurecivilisationdestinationsoldierhikearchitect2.补充词汇补充词汇： （本单元中出现，但是没列在词汇表中，有些需要掌握（本单元中出现，但是没列在词汇表中，有些需要掌握）。education教育preparation 准备online在线的single单个的arrangement 安排observation观察encyclopedia 百科全书brochure小册子，说明书excellent精彩的，棒的relations

3、hip关系payment支付guard守护summarise 总结purpose目的stress重音overall全部地，大致地magnetic 有磁性的，有魅力的poverty贫穷3掌握形变Civilisation 文明civil 本国的，国内的，公民的civilize 教化civilizationextremelyextremeofficialofficeamazementamazeamazingpackagepackunpacktransporttransmit 发射transplant 移植transform 改变translate 翻译economic 经济方面的、与经济有关的eco

4、nomy 经济economical 省钱的，经济的economically4. 列举掌握列举掌握(要求掌握所列举内容要求掌握所列举内容)：sourceDeer and elk populations major food sources for the wolf grew rapidly.鹿和麋鹿的数量-狼的主要食物来源主要食物来源-增长的非常快。flightAlthough birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.尽管鸟用羽毛飞行飞行，可是有些羽毛是有其他用途的。If

5、 we had caught the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.如果我们昨天赶上飞机赶上飞机的话，我们现在就可能在沙滩上享受假日了。1). We were _ (on)the same flight _ (to)New York last month.2). It is only an hours _(flight)from the island to the mainland.3). There were regular _(flights) from Nanjing to Wuha

6、n every day.CreditIn his introduction, he made it clear that our credits would be hard-earned.在他的介绍里，他说的很清楚，我们的学分学分不会白得。It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.按时交电费很重要，因为迟交可能影响你的信誉影响你的信誉。Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control yo

7、ur credit card use.可能你喝得太多或者是不知如何掌控信用卡信用卡的使用。narrowMost of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives.实际上，我们大多数人都在逐步压缩压缩我们生活的多样性。He had a narrow escape in a car accident.这次车祸他九死一生他九死一生。take control ofA young English teacher saved the lives of 30 students when he took control of a bus

8、 after its driver suffered a seriousheart attack.在巴士司机突然出现严重的心脏病后，一位年轻的英语教师在巴士司机突然出现严重的心脏病后，一位年轻的英语教师控制住控制住了巴士，从而挽救了了巴士，从而挽救了 30 个学生的生命。个学生的生命。I realized the bus was out of control when I was speaking to the students.当我在跟学生说话的时候，我意识到巴士失控失控了。flatGood morning, Im one of the students who rented your fl

9、at.上午好，我是租您公寓公寓的学生之一。Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat.有些动物简直又小又扁扁。typeAfew daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types.不过，一些胆大的存活下来了，还有一些变成了穴居类型类型Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.每人使用一个键盘，而每人打字打字的方式都不相同。RentHow much rent should one pa

10、y for the one-bedroom apartment?单人间的卧室租金租金该是多少呢？The one for rent is on the right.用于出租用于出租的在右边。Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the information desk.手推车和轮椅可以在信息问询处那租赁租赁。PathAn avalanche once closed the path, killing 63 people.一场雪崩曾经封闭了这条道路道路，导致 63 人死亡。He knew the path his life was

11、now taking.他知道他自己所选择选择的生活之路之路。AdmireDuring the mid-autumn festival, family members often gather together share a meal, admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes.在中秋节期间，家人团聚在一起聚餐、赏月赏月、吃月饼。other thanI have no ambitions other than to have a happy life and be free.我胸无大志，只希望自由自在过幸福的生活。The leggy beauty was none

12、 other than our own Naomi Campbell.那长腿美女不是别人，正是咱们的娜奥米坎贝尔。5. 重点掌握applyapply for1). 动词，表示申请When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that reflected my interest.当最终的选课时刻到来之时，我决定申请申请能够代表我兴趣的学科。The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program

13、.2). 动词，表示应用Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical, never letting myself leave out a tough idea.按照按照我的规矩，我决定把他们以字母表的顺序写下来，不漏掉任何难点。Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art.目前研究者正把科学的方法应用到对艺术普遍性的研究上。3). 动词，表示精心研究In spare moments

14、he applied his mind to how rockets could be used to make money.他在业余时间潜心研究如何利用火箭技术赚钱。4).applied，形容词，应用的Im going to take a course in applied mathematics this semester.本学期我打算选修应用数学。5). application,名词，应用/申请However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching l

15、ives in countless ways.然而科技也是对解决问题的科学知识的应用应用，涉及生活的各个方面。The morson company turned down my application.莫森公司拒绝了我的申请申请。6). applicant 名词，申请人He was the hundredth applicant for the job.他是第 100 个申请申请这份工作的人人。pack1). 名词，一群，一副，一组Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellows

16、tone.美国鱼类及野生动物管理局密切观测并掌控者黄石公园里的狼群狼群。2). 动词，打包，包裹By the way, does your package need packing?顺便问一下，您的包裹需要打包吗？Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch which consists of a sandwich, a drinkand a dessert.早晚餐可以提供给学生，而午餐要么是现做的要么是定好的定好的盒饭，包括一个三明治，一份饮料和一份餐后甜点。3). packe

17、d 形容词,充满了的，赛满的。They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves orsleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread.他们在拥挤的拥挤的道路上忍受漫长的上下班路途因为他们能够在路上工作、娱乐或者睡觉，这助长了城市的蔓延。4). package 名词包裹，动词给什么装箱， 打包The package will be packed with a medium

18、box, am I right?包裹包裹将要用中号的盒子打包，我说的对吗？Properly preparing packaged noodle soup requires a forced wait.正确地做一份方便面汤需要必不可少的等待。(半成品的，经过加工包装好的。半成品的，经过加工包装好的。)amaze-完成下面的练习。1). The networked computer is an _(amaze) device.( amazing )2). Its an _(amaze) accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generou

19、s support from individuals,corporations, and other social organizations.(amazing)3). Many visitors were _(amaze) by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.(amazed)4). They stopped in their tracks and stared at him in _(amaze).(amazement)5). _(amaze), Taylor had just taken a CPR

20、course the day before.( Amazingly)6). Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing _(amaze) well.(amazingly)RecogniseData collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very lowerror rates.依据据参与者如何打字，设备采集来的数据信息可以被用来识别识别不同的参与者， 而且错误率极低。Of the nin

21、eteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lackenough data.在 19 种已知的已知的北极熊亚种群数量中，3 种数量下降，6 种稳定，一种有所上升而 9 种缺少足够的信息。When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter andmore

22、 tasty.如果把黑色的蛋糕放在黑色而不是白色盘中的时候，顾客认为它更甜更好吃。Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.巴赫逝世于 1750 年，但是知道 19 世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被世人所完全认知认知。James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.James Brindley被看成是被看成是顶级的早期运河工程师。Wang

23、s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are getting international recognition.王的获奖意味着中国建筑正在得到国际的认可认可。Navigators have used magnetic north for centuries to orient themselves when theyre far from recognizable landmarks.几个世记以来,当航海家远离可识别的可识别的地标时一直用北磁极为它们自己确定方位.UniqueAnother unique human char

24、acteristic is that we walk upright.另一个人类独有的独有的特征是我们人类直立行走。These patterns are unique to each person.这些模式对于每个人来说都是独有的独有的。同样搭配的单词有 strange, alien, foreign, native, home 等词汇。Looking backward, we discover what is unique in us; learn the meaning of I.回顾过去，我们发现了我们自身特有的特有的东西，明白了“我”的真正意义。Chinese women are no

25、t just consumers of fashion they are central to its movement.contact1). 名词，联系Keep eye contact in conversation to build trust.在对话中保持眼神交流以此增进信任。Emergency workers have made contact with the miners via a radio.救援工作者通过无线电与与矿工联系联系。2). 动词，联系。If the red light is not blinking, contact residence hall staff im

26、mediately.如果红灯不亮，马上联系公寓工作人员。make upSince the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs tobe the priority.既然最贫穷的人是最不可能弥补厄尔尼诺现象所造成的损失，那么减小他们的损失就成为最优先要做的事情。It is early days yet to make up ones mind.现在下定决心还为时过早。detail1). 名词On the I

27、nternet, we could quickly and easily locate the details, and check facts, without keeping them in mind.在网上，我们可以既快又容易地定位具体信息，查阅事件，而没必要把它们都记在脑子里。Vaillants study followed these males in great detail.（反义词短语in brief 简明扼要地）瓦利恩特的研究详尽的跟踪这些男子。2). detailedHere is a detailed costing of our proposals.这是我们预案的详尽详

28、尽成本计算。3). 动词，细说The boys listened breathlessly as the sailor detailed the story of the shipwreck.水手详述详述沉船的故事时,孩子们屏息倾听着.check incheck outBut when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said:.但是当我到达普罗维登斯登机手续办理手续办理服务台的时候，那位女士却说：I want to check out these books.我想把这些书借走借走。Id li

29、ke to change the check-in date from september 15 to september 16.我想把入住入住日期从 9 月 15 日改到 9 月 16 日。Im.Im checking out on the morning of the 4th.呃我准备在 4 号上午离开离开。Request1). 名词When his request was refused, he took out his French horn and started to practice.当他的请求被拒绝后，他拿出圆号（法国号）开始练习。You can talk to the rob

30、ot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks.你可以跟机器人进行交流，问问题，提要求提要求让它做不同的任务。At the request of many customers, the market will bring forth new ideas to make the service better.应很多顾客的要求应很多顾客的要求，商场会想出新的方法来更好的服务。2). 动词She had requested the community to turn it into a museum

31、upon her death.她已经要求社区在她过世之后把这里变成一个博物馆。They requested that a delegation be sent to their country.他们请求派一个代表团去他们的国家。I requested him to come before ten.我要求他 10 点之前到。viewsight1).view 强调的是站在某个点位所看到的视野。The hotel has the best views of the Pacific Ocean.这个旅馆最适合欣赏欣赏太平洋的美景美景。The most popular view is that Egyp

32、tian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.最普遍的观点观点是埃及人在光滑的路面上滑动这些巨石。Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill everygap(间隙) with conversation.沉默在某些文化中被认为是被认为是最令人不舒服的；因此人们可能会在每个间隙填充对话。From the teachers point of view, children

33、 should be left to decide what to read and how to read.从老师的角度来看从老师的角度来看，应该让孩子自己决定读什么，怎么读。2).sight 强调看的动作。Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a walking journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers guide.找不到其他出口，他们决定步行，因为他们看到看到一本旧的步行指南。Next time you take a walk, no matter where i

34、t is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations.下次你散步，不管走到哪，都要记住所见所见、所听和所感。We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new.我们有可能会认为我们都有这样的习惯，一见到一见到光鲜亮丽的东西就摒弃陈旧的工艺。She did reach the station just as the train came into sight.就在火车刚一露头刚一

35、露头时候她真得到达了车站。 （可以望见可以望见）CommentIf there is truly a concern about a professors professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmlyoffer your comments.如果真对教授的专业或能力有所顾虑的话，一定要使在线课程评估，冷静的提出自己的看法看法。The professor doesnt remember the comments he or she wrote on your individual pie

36、ce of work, though he or she will beable to recall them after just a brief glance at your work.尽管教授浏览一眼你的作业后能够回想起他曾经的批语批语，但是他或她记不住每个人作业上的批注批注。第二部分：短语travel plan旅行规划prepare for为什么做准备make a reservation for预订apply for a visa申请护照book a ticket订票rent a car租车catch every word听懂每句话the coming holiday即将要来的假日fo

37、cus on关注，聚焦key words关键词语get around随意走走on foot步行the model for什么的典范a travel destination旅行目的地be wrong about在方面出错误，误解the source of information信息源take you on a path引领某人到on the way to在去的路上be made of由什么构成live on something by doing通过做什么谋生。contect somebody at -以联系某人based on基于business class商务舱（二等舱）by credit c

38、ard使用信用卡preferred time心仪的时间final thoughts最终想法a reply to对的回应in the last few days在最后几天里so far到目前为止cable car缆车design a travel brochure设计旅行指南be interested in对什么感兴趣attend a university上大学be popular with受欢迎be lost to沉浸于be bad for对有害recommend something for somebody向某人推荐什么第三部分：句子1.Below are two texts about P

39、eru.Especially amazing is the Incasdry stone method of building.以上两个句子是典型的倒装句，为了避免头重脚轻，平衡句子的结构。常见的此类倒装有三种：1). 某些副词(now, then, here, there, down, up, out, away, off, in 等)和表示运动趋向的动词(go, come, fly, run, lie,stand 等)连用放句首，句子倒装。John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before.For a mome

40、nt nothing happened. Then came voices all shouting together.What to do? Here are four common email accidents, and how to recover.Out comes a “Soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away.I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids.2). There be

41、 结构去掉 there，把状语前置，句子倒装。At the foot of the mountain lies a village.Haning on my bed room wall is a picture of my baby daughter.At the base is a rainforest. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland desert: gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks.3). If 引导的虚拟语气，去掉 if，形成倒装。 Were she a man, she would be elected as presi

42、dent. Hadnt I seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it._ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.(Were it)2.From there, you will spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation.在我们的印象中，介词后面都是加名词、代词、动名词的，但是介词后面也可以加形容词或者副词。在我们的印象中，介词后面都是加

43、名词、代词、动名词的，但是介词后面也可以加形容词或者副词。1). It is so pleasant to look form so high.从那么高的地方往下看真过瘾。2). The outcome is still far from clear.结果还不是很明了。3). In another experiment aimed at testing long-term memory,students took notes as before.在另一个检测长久记忆的试验里，学生像以前一样记笔记。4). They get sucked into things that are not as i

44、mportant.他们卷入了一些不重要的事情里。5). People often think of gossipers as harmless,but cruel lies can cause pain.人们都认为搬弄是非的人是没有什么害处的，但是残酷的谎言有时也会造成伤害。6). Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bringwith them the significant benefit of being easil

45、y changeable.不像粉刷墙壁那么累，也不像买色彩斑斓的沙发那么贵，选择小颜色点缀会给他们带来易换的巨大利益。3.The Incas built wonderful cities full of amazing architecture.形容词除了做前置定语外，还可以用相关的短语做后置定语，比如：Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under30 build skills, find a job or s

46、tart businesses all year round.不再是学生了？到政府的网站上了解各种活动和在线工具，能够能够助 30 岁以下的你全年学技术、找工作或是自行创业。4.To me, the story of the Army is almost unbelievable. “To somebody”表示“对于来说”。如果是客观的，用介词如果是客观的，用介词 for；如果是主观的，比较局限的，用介词；如果是主观的，比较局限的，用介词 to,还可以在前面加还可以在前面加 as1). To people who are used to the limited choice of apple

47、s such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, itcan be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by theRomans.对于那些对于那些习惯了只选择市场上诸如 Golden Delicious and Royal Gala 苹果的人来说，到这个苹果节会大开眼界地看到像 Decio 这种罗马人培育的古老品种依然还在。2). As for the

48、 USA, it is almost unique among developed nations in having a population that is expected to grow by 20%from 20102030.至于说到至于说到美国，它在所有发达国家中几乎是独一无二的因为预计在 20102030 年之间它的人口会增长 20%。3).And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.现在现实问题来了，那就是那就是荒野能否被无害开发。4). F

49、or Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion.对希尔来讲对希尔来讲，当讨论时装时要是不把中国看成是顶级参与者来说是不可能的。5.I will see you in a few days. 本句要关注的是典型的时间状语对时态的约束。看下面的练习。本句要关注的是典型的时间状语对时态的约束。看下面的练习。1). Over the years, there_(be) a number of different techniques to help desig

50、ners approach this important point.( have been)2). Corn production_(jump) nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.(has jumped)3).For the past two years, Gordons students _(study) ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity.( have been studying)4). I love coming h