（2019版）人教版必修第三册英语复习高考阅读理解之七选五 ppt课件.pptx

1、年份卷别体裁题材话题20202020全国卷I说明文个人健康自我接受、自我认同 BFDCA A全国卷II说明文人际关系表情符号使人际关系更融洽DA AG GBF全国卷III说明文个人生活乔迁新居及人们送的礼物EBCA A20192019全国卷I说明文健康新鲜空气的好处 EA A CD全国卷II说明文工作怎样设定具体目标 G GBA AEC全国卷III说明文网络课堂网络课堂交流的规矩与禁忌 E A ACF20182018全国卷I说明文室内设计室内设计中颜色的选择 BA AD F全国卷II说明文晨练早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处 G GEFBA A全国卷III说明文舞蹈跳舞的好处 BDA AFE2017全

2、国卷I记叙文个人生活作者露营的经历 DCA AFE全国卷II说明文社会工作为避免工作被打断提出的建议 BA AEDG全国卷III说明文个人健康如何制定计划去调节生物钟 CBGFE全国卷4年考点分布表秘秘命命题题揭揭一）题型解读：一）题型解读： 试题模式试题模式：给出一篇缺少给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。处。 考查重点：考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。和结构以

3、及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）（考试说明） 选项特点：选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）主旨概括句（文章整体内容） 过渡性句子（文章结构）过渡性句子（文章结构） 注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）主题明确结构清晰逻辑严谨题型解读：七选五为什么常考说明文？题型解读：七选五为什么常考说明文？英语说明文是以说明为主要表达方式以说明为主要表达方式，以客观事物的特点和性质，事物发生和发展过程为主要表达内容， 给读者以知识的一种文体。主题明确：说明文通常只有一个说明对象。抓住说明对象，就抓住了文章的中心，有助于理解各个段落的主要内容。例：例：20192019全国全国I I

4、卷卷 Is Is FreshFresh AirAir ReallyReally GoodGood forfor you?you?Para1Fresh air is good for us.Para2Fresh air cleans our lungsPara4Get sunlightPara3Being in nature can heal. Benefits of Fresh Air根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略 1)如果如果问题在段首问题在段首 通常是段落主题句通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则致性原则，

5、查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题 2）如果空格出现在）如果空格出现在段中段中，这时要根据空格，这时要根据空格前后前后的句子的句子意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系逻辑关系来来确定答案确定答案3)如果问题在段尾如果问题在段尾 通常是通常是结论、概括性语句结论、概括性语句。注意在。注意在选项中查找表示结选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词果、结论、总结等的信号词，如，如therefore, as a result, thus, henc

6、e, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。速读全文，关注速读全文，关注每段首尾句每段首尾句，了解大意了解大意知主题知主题浏览选项浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系，理解全篇逻辑关系, ,找出关键找出关键词词重复的关键词重复的关键词 利用利用同义词和近义词同义词和近义词关系关系 利用利用词的上下义词的上下义关系关系 利用利用反义词反义词、过渡词过渡词关系关系七选五阅读理解题的解题技七选五阅读理解题的解题技巧巧: :1. structure and main idea2. detail

7、s and key words3. logic4. check解题步骤SMIEL1._关系：and; for one thing, for another; firstly, secondly, thirdly; in the first place, in the second place; first, then/ next, etc.2._关系：also; whats more; furthermore; moreover; in addition; whats worse, to make matters worse, etc.3._关系：so, therefore, thus, he

8、nce, as a result; because, as, since, now that, etc.4._关系：but, however, nevertheless, though, yet, otherwise, while, even if, despite, on the contrary, etc.5._关系：for example, for instance, such as, that is, that is to say, in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, etc. Logic 并列递进因果转折与让步例证01复现，是保

9、证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指、同义词复现、同构词复现、同筹词复现、反义词复现等。 n fall fell n beauty beautifuln act action matemate roommatemate n policepolice policepoliceman （同畴词指一个范畴里的不同事物。）fruitfruit： furniture furniture sports:sports:apple, orange, apple, orange, bananabananabed, table, bed,

10、 table, armchairarmchairrunning, running, swimming, swimming, jumpingjumping类别类别具体具体 Ex2The scientists say that the human life has changed greatlyOur bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses 72 72 So they are called diseases of civ

11、ilizationMany cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.AStone Age people lived a simple life.BBut today, we enjoy eating a lot of these.CIn that case, they would live much healthier.DAncient people also got lots of physical exercise.EThese new sicknesses were not known

12、in ancient times.F People today probably dont want to live like our ancestors.GModern people used to suffer from diseases of civilization. sicknessessicknessesE同词复现Ex3On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends wit

13、h whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._Those disadvantages include expense,time away from ones school,family,A.The following are its advantages.B.However, there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are ad

14、apted to studying at school.However?反义词复现Ex4 Sometimes kids are glad to hear a “no” from their parents. _A. There are two types of parents love.B. It seems a happy feeling to get out of parents control.近义词近义词02Structure篇章结构总-分-（总）平行关系篇章结构0102C.But researchers have tried and heres what theyve found.D

15、.Recognizing your errors can lead only to even greater wisdom.E.Make an effort to join a new club , or invite an old friend for coffee. (2017.4.省检卷） Although people value intelligence- understanding, reasoning, the ability to learn -they also respect wisdom, or the knowledge and experience that they

16、 gain over a lifetime. In some ways, wisdom is like beauty: we value it, we desire it , we know it when we see it , but it is nearly impossible to pin down（确定） such a nice quality. 36 1.Working at being social. Studies show that people who stay connected to others show higher levels of wisdom than t

17、hose who remain alone. . 3.Learning how to say “ I could be wrong”. 4.Reading the news. . C总- -分- -（总）。 1.Prevent energy leaks （泄露）at home Heating and cooling can make up to 50 percent of your energy bill. .2.Plant trees in your yard and community. Everyone knows that planting trees can help the env

18、ironment. .3._ If you use ceiling fans during hot summer days, you can create a cooling environment. A few ceiling or regular fans properly placed in your home can reduce the amount of time you spend with the air condtioner on.A.Trees have many good influences.B Use natural wind to dry our clothes.C

19、.There are many ways to use solar power.D.Use ceiling fans to cool off in summer.D平行关系-小标题 1. Smile! Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice!. 2. Be fun! We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy. . 3.Listen! 4._ Ask people who take classes with your questions ab

20、out what they study today.B Lets practice主旨概括句（文章整体内容）主旨概括句（文章整体内容） 1) 首段首段首句首句 2) 中间段中间段首句首句 3)末段末段首句首句文章主题，首尾呼应文章主题，首尾呼应靠上下文承接做题靠上下文承接做题总结下文总结下文 本段主题本段主题文章主题，首尾呼应文章主题，首尾呼应 _ Every day ,when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework,sweeping the living room and bedrooms or clean

21、ing the furniture,and putting everything in order. She seems to be busy all the time. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself,but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us. A. she enjoys listening to class music. B.She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.

22、 C. My mother is hardworking and never wastes money. D. As a mother,she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.Part IIPassage 1 _ Universities in Britain are a magnet for overseas students. There are currently over 200 000 from outside Britain studying at British universities. The largest

23、single group is Chinese students.There are currently 50 000 in the UK. A.Universities in the UKB.It is very simple to become an international student in the UKC.Scholarships in Universities 标题标题Part IIPassage 2 _ When a person does a certain thing again, he is impelled(迫使迫使) by some unseen force to

24、do the same thing repeatedly; thus a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult , and sometimes impossible, to get rid of .A.It is very important for us to know why we should get used to good habits.B.Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed.C.Whether good or not habits are ,

25、they are easy to get rid of . 段首段首Part IIPassage 3 Nowadays in China, parents care about their childrens education more than anything else. They spend a lot coaching(训练训练) their children in their studies. Some even hire teachers for their children. Many have their children sent to after-class school

26、s._.A.It seems as if a better education is all that parents expect for their children.B.Skills and knowledge means competition.C.Skills and knowledge doesnt mean all. 段尾段尾Part IIPassage 4 Not all past predictions have been proved wrong. _ Some great thinkers predicted the arriveal of the credit card

27、, the fax machine and even the internet -years before they happened.A.Predictions of the FutureB.A few of them have been surprisingly accurate.C. It hasnt appear yet. 段中段中Part IIPassage 5 Learning another language isnt easy, _ Language learning is cumulative(积累): you cannot put it off until weekend.

28、Distribute your study time Study a different task each time:vocabulary now ,grammar next.etc.A.Study every day .B. If youre asked to listen, practice listening.C.So youll at least have looked at it all. 小标题小标题逻辑关系的衔接逻辑关系的衔接03(a)并列与递进关系：并列与递进关系： and, or, also，neithernor,eitheror,likewise, similarly,

29、equally, in the same way, that is to say ,as well as, the same as,besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition to ,what is more5)逻辑关系线索逻辑关系线索(b)因果关系：因果关系：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, sothat, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result ,because of ,i

30、n that, for this reason, of course(c)转折让步关系：转折让步关系：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than ,instead of, it is true that,of course,although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of(d)时间关系：时间关系：afte

31、rwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, to start with，in the mean time, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with以及一以及一些具体的时间。些具体的时间。_ Some choose it because of their religious beliefs. Others say it provides more time for the family to

32、be together.They say home offers a better place for learning. Some parents. A. So a number of parents began home-schooling B. Home schooling is not accepted by all the people C. Parents choose home schooling for several reasons D.Most often, their parents are their teachersThis could be watching TV

33、or listening to music. Doing some exercises earlier in the day should help you feel physically as well as mentally tired ._However,coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake. A. So, whats a good sleep? B. A bedtime drink can also help C. Having a good sleep will

34、 keep you lively the whole day.( Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways._ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers.(2008 宁夏宁夏.海南卷）海南卷）A.Use words, not complete se

35、ntences .B.You must write your notes on separate paper.C.First,the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember.D.There are three practical note-taking methods.SecondB. There are three practical note-taking methods. A. You must write your notes on separate

36、paper. C. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. _ .Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.C1.Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic on

37、es. They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They did not have milk or any other daily products, and they made very little use of grains. _ We eat six times more salt than ancestors. We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as muchprotein . A. Stone Age people lived

38、a simple life. B.But today , we enjoy eating a lot of these . C.In that case, they would live much healthier.BLets practice转折 2. _ This is because some people have certain qualities, which others do not. A. Some people succeed, while others may not. B. As the famous saying goes, “No pains, no gains.

39、”ALets practice因果Part 3： 七选五题型实战七选五题型实战第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 1 Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master. People want to listen to someone who is interesting, rela

40、xed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.” 2 Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection. Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one wh

41、o cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. Peoples attention wanders constantly.Part 3： 七选五题型实战七选五题型实战In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message. So, dont stop speaking when you make a mistake unless its a truly serious one. 3 Your goal is not to be a perfect

42、public speaker. 4 And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. 5 Its rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you probably cant count the times that youve though

43、t, “Im glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. Its better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. Part 3： 七选五题型实

44、战七选五题型实战A. Do the opposite. B. You want to be an effective public speaker. C. You dont need to apologize for a minor slip. D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners. G However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. Part 3： 七选五参考答案七选五参考答案1. G 2. A.3. C4. B 5. D希望对你们有帮助