（2019版）人教版必修第三册英语Unit3 Diverse Cultures 知识点讲解学案.docx

1、Book 3 Unit 31. fortune n. 机会机会; 运气运气; 财富财富; 命运命运*Youll make a fortune by selling this china.*You are fortunate to have such a good teacher.【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)good fortune好运好运try ones fortune碰运气碰运气make a fortune发财发财(2)fortunateadj. 幸运的幸运的be fortunate to do sth.有幸做某事有幸做某事(3)misfortunen. 不幸不幸, 灾祸灾祸(4)fort

2、unatelyadv. 幸运地幸运地(1)语法填空。He dreamed of making _ fortune.She was crying over his _(fortune)._(fortunate), she promised me an interview chance.(2) Tom _by selling and buying real estate. Tom 通过买卖房地产赚了一大笔钱。2. admit vi. &vt. 承认承认 vt.准许进入准许进入(或加入或加入)If we admit it is a door, theyll want to go outsid

3、e constantly.*He admitted to the teacher that he ate the cheese.*She admitted having taken the key.*He was admitted to/into a famous university.【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)admit sth.承认承认/供认某事供认某事admit doing/having done sth.承认做了某事承认做了某事admit to sb.that 向某人承认向某人承认be admitted to/into被录取被录取; 允许进入允许进入(2)admission n.

4、进入进入【名师点津】只接动名词, 不接不定式作宾语的动词还有: keep, delay, enjoy, practise, finish,imagine, suggest, advise, escape, miss, consider, mind 等。【熟词生义】The great hall can admit 5, 000 students. 这个大厅可以容纳 5 000 名学生。()【即学活用】(1)语法填空。This ticket _ (admit) one person only.They admitted him _ theirorganization.She admitted _(

5、read) the letter._ (admit) to the school is by examination only.(2)他入党了。译: _(3)他承认自己错了。 He admitted _.3. occur vi. 发生发生, 出现出现*A good idea occurred to me while I was watching TV.*It never occurs to him that he should make such great success in teaching career.【词块积累】【词块积累】sth occur to sb.某人突然想到某人突然想到

6、it occur to sb that. . . /to do sth. 某人突然想到某人突然想到/要做某要做某事事【知识延伸】表示【知识延伸】表示“ “某人突然想到某事某人突然想到某事” ”的表达还有的表达还有:it hits/strikes sb that. . . ; sth strike sb. ; sth come to sb. ; sb hit on sth.【即学活用】(1)语法填空。The question _(occur) to me where we were to get the machine needed.(2) _you could succeed in persu

7、ading him to change his mind.我从来没想过你能成功地说服他改变主意。选词填空(occur, happen, take place, break out)The terrible war _in 1937.What _ to you last night?When will the wedding _?It suddenly _ to him that he had left his keys in the office.4. seek (sought,sought) vt. &vi. 寻找寻找; 寻求寻求; 争取争取; (向人向人)请求请求The solut

8、ion, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime.*Graduates are seeking for jobs suitable for themselves.*He is going to Shanghai to seek his fortune.【词块积累】【词块积累】seek for sth 寻找某物寻找某物seek after 追求追求, 探索探索seek out 挑选出挑选出, 找出找出seek to do sth. 寻求寻求/试图做某事试图做某事 seek

9、 ones fortune 闯世界闯世界, 去发财去发财【即学活用】(1)语法填空。We must seek _ a solution to the problem.He is a man who is always seeking _ truth.He quickly sought _ his friend in the crowd.(2) _, and you will be understood. 去理解别人, 你就会被理解。(3)We went there to do so in hope of _. 我们去那里这样做, 希望找到财富。5. earn vt. &vi. 挣得挣得

10、; 赚得赚得; 赢得赢得; 博得博得He wants very much to earn some money, but I dont see what he can do.*He got a job in an office to earn his living.*His works have earned him many friends.【词块积累】【词块积累】earn ones/a living 谋生谋生earn sb sth 为某人赢为某人赢/博得某物博得某物【即学活用】(1)同义替换。If I cant make a living (=_) at painting, at leas

11、t I can teach someone else topaint.I think every businesss goal is to make(=_) money.(2)Bills honesty _.比尔的诚实使他深受敬重。6. select vt. 选择选择; 挑选挑选; 选拔选拔*The students selected from every class took part in the competition.*We selected him as our monitor.*He selected a pair of socks to match his suit.【词块积累】

12、【词块积累】(1) select sb as 选某人做选某人做 select . . . to do sth.挑选挑选做某事做某事(2)selectionn. 选择选择; 挑选挑选; 选拔选拔(3)selective adj. 选择性的选择性的; 讲究的讲究的(1)语法填空。_(select) a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task.Do make a careful _(select) before you act.They are opposed to _ (select) education.(2)Beijing _the host

13、 city for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.北京被选为 2022 年冬季奥运会的主办城市。7. bring about 导致导致; 引起引起*What do you think brought about the cultural diversity?*Menciusfather died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother.*Theres always that one song that brings back old memories.【词块积累】【词块积累】bring up 养

14、育养育, 抚养抚养; 提出提出; 呕吐呕吐bring back 带回带回; 使想起使想起bring down降低降低; 减少减少bring in 引进引进; 赚得赚得, 挣得挣得bring out 出版出版; 阐明阐明; 使表现出使表现出bring about造成造成, 引起引起8. claim vt. &n. 夺取夺取(生命生命); 宣称宣称; 断言断言*The hurricane has claimed hundreds of lives.*A villager claimed to have seen a UFO flying across the sky.*Its claime

15、d that they produce the best athletes in the world.【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)claim sbs life夺去某人的生命夺去某人的生命 claim to have done sth声称做了某事声称做了某事Its claimed that. . . 据称据称/说说(2)make a claim (on. . . )for. . .( 向向 ) 提 出 赔提 出 赔偿偿(1)语法填空。Thousands of lives _(claim) in this attack.You may make a claim on the firm _ the

16、 damages.(2)句型转换。Its claimed that they have discovered a cure for the disease.=They claimed _a cure for the disease.9. apart from 除了除了外外(还还);此外此外*Apart from Jim, Lucy and Lily also attended the meeting.*This article is well written apart from a few spelling mistakes.【词块积累】【词块积累】apart from=besides除除外

17、外(还有还有) apart from=except for 除除 外外 ( 不 包不 包括括)10. escape vi. &vt. 逃走逃走; 逃脱逃脱; 避开避开 n. 逃跑逃跑; 逃脱逃脱; 解脱解脱*I spent some time out in LAto try to escape the cold weather we were getting on the East Coast.*A prisoner has escaped from a jail in northern England.*He was fortunate enough to have escaped

18、being killed in that earthquake.*Did he have a narrow escape from the big tsunami?【词块积累】【词块积累】(1) escape sth. /doing sth 躲避某物躲避某物/做某事做某事 escape from从从中逃走中逃走(2)have a narrow escape 侥幸逃脱侥幸逃脱【即学活用】(1)语法填空。The monkeys escaped _ the zoo yesterday evening.The robber _(escape) and was nowhere to be found w

19、hen the police arrived.(2)If you kill rare animals, you can never _.如果你杀害珍稀动物, 你就逃脱不了惩罚。11. I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again. 我必须承认再次我必须承认再次回到这座城市确实感觉很棒。回到这座城市确实感觉很棒。【句式解构】本句中, it 是形式主语, 真正的主语是后面的 to do 不定式 to be back in the city again。动词不定式作主语时, 为了保持句子平衡, 常

20、用 it 作形式主语, 而将真正的主语后置。常用于这个句型的形容词有 easy, difficult, hard, important, possible 等。此外, 形式主语 it 还可以替代动名词短语或从句。*It is difficult for people to escape the influence of smartphones.*It is useless crying over the spilt milk. 覆水难收。*Its a pity that you didnt go to see the film yesterday.it还可以放在find, make, cons

21、ider等动词后作形式宾语,指代动词不定式,动名词短语或从句。例如:I dont feel it difficult to understand the Special English.【即学活用】(1)句型转换。To learn a foreign language is very important.=_a foreign language.(2) _a new type of computer. 据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。(3)They found _they worked with us Chinese.他们发现和中国人在一起工作很愉快。12. Many of the people

22、living here are from Mexico or CentralAmerica.许多住在这里的人来自墨西哥或中美洲。许多住在这里的人来自墨西哥或中美洲。13. I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours. 我在街上转了几个小时我在街上转了几个小时, 欣赏欣赏街头艺术。街头艺术。【句式解构】looking at the street art 为现在分词短语作伴随状语。现在分词短语作伴随状语,表示伴随, 所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生, 但与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系。*I have a very busy li

23、fe with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 我的生活很充实, 没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。*Laughing and talking, they went back home. 他们有说有笑他们有说有笑, 回到了家。回到了家。*He sat at the table, reading a magazine. 他坐在桌子旁他坐在桌子旁, 读着一本杂志。读着一本杂志。【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Tony lent me the money, _ (hope)that Id do as much for him.All night lo

24、ng he lay awake, _ (think) of the problem.(2)句型转换。All the students sat in the classroom, and waited for their new teacher.All the students sat in the classroom, _.The young man held a torch in his hand, and climbed up to the top of the clock tower._, the young man climbed up to the top of the clock

25、tower.14. diverse adj.不同的不同的; 多种多样的多种多样的*Canada is a land of great cultural diversity.表示表示“ “多种多样多种多样” ”的词汇还有的词汇还有: various,a variety of,all kinds of 等。等。(1)These samples help us grasp the _ (diverse) of life on the planet.(2) They are the people from _. 他们是有着不同文化背景的人。他们是有着不同文化背景的人。15. definitely ad

26、v. 肯定肯定; 确实确实For people,who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely making noise.*Can you give me a definite answer by tomorrow?*Whats your definition of happiness?【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)define v. 下定义下定义; 使明确使明确 (2)definite adj. 确定的确定的be definite about对对有把握有把握(3)definitionn. 定义定

27、义(1)语法填空。Im _ (definite) going to get in touch with these people.What is the _ (definite) of migration?(2) _the border between love and friendship. 很难界定爱情和友谊的界限。16. minority n. 少数民族少数民族; 少数派少数派, 少数人少数人*Only a minority of the class voted for the plan.*Different ethnic minority groups have different c

28、ustoms for celebrating Chinese New Year.*The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)a minority of少数少数 ethnic minority groups少数民族少数民族be in the minority 占少数占少数(2)minoradj. 少数的少数的, 次要的次要的 (3)majorityn. 多数多数【名师点津】minority 表示“少数”时, 为集合名词; 单独用作主语时, 如果强调整体, 谓语动词用单数形式; 如果强调个体, 谓语动

29、词用复数形式。例如:The minority is sometimes right. 有时候, 少数人是对的。Only a minority want the war to continue. 只有少数人希望战争继续下去。【即学活用】(1)语法填空 They live in the _ (minor) district.Only a tiny minority of holidays _(affect).(2)补全句子。The Baima is _about 1, 400 people.白马族是一个大约有 1400 人的少数民族。17. To earn a living, some opene

30、d up shops and restaurants in Chinatown. 为了谋生为了谋生, 一些一些人在中国城开了商店和餐厅。人在中国城开了商店和餐厅。【句式解构】to earn a living 是动词不定式短语, 它在句中作目的状语。此外, 不定式还可以作主语、宾语、定语和表语等。但不能独立作谓语。常用结构为 to do ,only to do,in orderto do,so as to do 等。*To save money, every means has been tried. 为了省钱, 各种方法都试过了。*We study hard to be admitted in

31、to a key university.为考上重点大学为考上重点大学, 我们努力学习。我们努力学习。*To do morning exercises is useful for our health. 做早操有利于我们的健康。做早操有利于我们的健康。【即学活用】【即学活用】(1)语法填空。语法填空。_(master) a language is not an easy thing.He has nothing _(say) on this event.He began _(learn) English at the age of four.He asked me _(talk) about s

32、tudying English.(2) To catch the train, he got up early. =He got up early _.18. settle vt. &vi. 定居定居; 结束结束(争论争论); 解决解决(纠纷纠纷)*They agreed to try to settle their dispute by negotiation.*Refugees settling in Britain are faced with a number of problems.*The man let his eyes settle upon Crosss face.*

33、John will settle down after he gets a job and gets married.*There were so many distractions that we were unable to settle down to study/studying.【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)settle dispute/difference/problem解决争端解决争端/分歧分歧/问题问题 settle (down) in+地点地点在在定居定居settle upon/on落在落在上上; 选定选定settle down安定下来安定下来, 安下心来安下心来settle

34、 down to (do/doing) sth.专心于专心于(做做)某事某事; 安心于安心于(做做)某事某事(2)settlern. 定居者定居者; 移居者移居者; 殖民者殖民者(3)settlementn. 定居点定居点; 处理处理; 解决解决【即学活用】(1)语法填空。He wants to settle _ Shanghai.Lets settle down _ our work.Abird suddenly settled _ his shoulder.The children settled _ when their teacher entered.The _ (settle) is

35、 home to nearly 1, 000 people.His forefathers were early _ (setter) in America.(2) He wants to _his homework. 他想静下心来做作业。19. varieties of 各种各样的各种各样的*Tents come in various shapes and sizes.*Rooms vary in size but all have televisions and telephones.*The age for children receiving early education varie

36、s from state to state.*Prices vary with the seasons.【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)variety n. 种类种类 a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的各种各样的(2)variousadj. 各种各样的各种各样的 (3)vary vi.& vt. 变化变化, 不同不同; 使不同使不同vary in 在在方面不同方面不同vary from. . . to. . .从从到到变化变化vary with 随着随着变化变化【名师点津】variety 的两种用法(1)a variety of/varieties of 后接

37、可数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。(2)the variety of+复数名词, 意为“的品种”, 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。【即学活用】(1)用 vary 的正确形式填空。The club offers _ of games to the local teenagers.The weather here _ from hour to hour.He also found some lists of game fans looking for _ versions of the game.One of the advantages is that we can find a _ o

38、f topics, such as science, culture andhistory.(2)这家商店每天为顾客提供各种各样的商品。译: _20. suit vt. 适合适合; 满足满足需要需要; 相配相配; 合身合身 n. 西服西服; 套装套装【词块积累】【词块积累】(1) suit sb. 适合某人适合某人 (2) a suit of 一套一套(衣服衣服)(3)suitableadj. 合适的合适的be suitable for sth.适合于某物适合于某物be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事适合做某事【即学活用】【即学活用】(1)语法填空。语法填空。It is _

39、 (suit) to grow in South China and Southwest China.We have to wear white shirts, dark _ (suit), and ties.(2) Itll _if we set off at 8 in the morning.如果我们早上如果我们早上 8 点出发会对他很合适。点出发会对他很合适。The coat _ you well, but I dont think the colour _ you, because its colour doesnt_ your shoes. 选词填空选词填空(suit, fit, m

40、atch)。21. Not only is country music popular in the south, but blues, rock and roll, bluegrass, andjazz are popular in the south as well. 不仅乡村音乐在南方流行不仅乡村音乐在南方流行, 蓝调音乐蓝调音乐、摇滚乐摇滚乐、蓝草音蓝草音乐和爵士乐也都在南方流行。乐和爵士乐也都在南方流行。*Not only can they offer us joy and excitement, but also they can encourage us to thinkcrit

41、ically.*Not only is the teacher himself interested in football but also his students are interested in ittoo.【名师点津】not only. . . but also. . .(1) not only . . . but also . . . 用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分, 着重强调后者, 其意为“不仅而且”; 其中的 also 有时可以省略。(2)not only. . . but also. . . 连接两个并列分句, 且 not only 位于句首时, 前一个分句用部分倒装结构,

42、 而后一个分句不倒装。(3)该结构连接两个并列主语时, 谓语动词的单复数与其靠近的主语保持一致, 即遵循“就近原则”。例：*Not only the children but also their coach likes playing football.【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Not only _ he make a promise, but he kept it.Not only can we find out the problem, _we can settle it.Not only his students but also the teacher _ (feel) the t

43、est is too difficult.(2)句型转换。The boy as well as you is interested in playing football.Not only you _in playing football.(3)一句多译: 他不仅对科学感兴趣, 而且有音乐天赋。_(4) After that, _, but he also _the popcorn tomake it taste better.在那之后, 他不仅卖爆米花, 还在爆米花里加了奶油和盐, 让它吃起来更好吃22. offer vt. 主动提出主动提出; 提供提供, 供应供应 n. 提议提议, 建议建

44、议; 出价出价, 报价报价【词块积累】【词块积累】(1) offer sth 提供某物提供某物, 供应某物供应某物 offer sb sth 提供某人某物提供某人某物offer sth to sb 提供某物给某人提供某物给某人 offer to do sth 提出做某事提出做某事(2)accept the offer 接受提议接受提议make an offer提议提议; 出价出价【名师点津】表示“提供给某人某物”的常见短语supply sb. with sth. = supply sth. to sb. provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.【

45、即学活用】(1)语法填空He offered _(drive) us to the airport, but we preferred to walk there.(2)同义替换。Many people willingly donated (=_) their blood.Thank you for your kind offer of helping (=_) me.23. depend on 依靠依靠, 依赖依赖【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)depend on sb for sth依靠某人获得某物依靠某人获得某物 depend on it that 信赖信赖/指望某事指望某事depend

46、on sb to do sth 指望某人做某事指望某人做某事 it depends 视情况而定视情况而定(2)dependentadj. 依靠的依靠的, 依赖他人的依赖他人的be dependent on sb 依靠依靠/赖某人赖某人(3)dependencen. 依靠依靠, 依赖依赖【知识延伸】表示“依靠, 依赖”的动词短语还有 rely on,count on 等【即学活用】(1)语法填空。You can depend on _ that we shall solve the problem at last.The young of most bird species are totall

47、y _ (depend) on parental care.For one thing,students can easily form the habit of _ (depend).(2)You can _the game. 你可以靠他来赢得比赛。24. participate in 参与参与, 参加参加*She didnt participate in the discussion.*He has been an active participant in the discussion.*A back injury prevented active participation in an

48、y sports for a while.【词块积累】【词块积累】participate v. 参加参加; 参与参与 participantn. 参与者参与者; 参加者参加者participation n. 参加参加; 参与参与take an participation in 参加参加【知识延伸】表示“参加”的动词短语还有: take part in,join in 等。【即学活用】(1)语法填空。The _ (participate) in an activity are the people who take part in it.Everyone should take an activ

49、e _ (participate) in protecting the environment.(2)They expected him _the ceremony. 他们希望他参加典礼。25. contain vt. 包含包含; 含有含有; 容纳容纳*Whisky contains a large percentage of alcohol.*She couldnt contain herself to wait.*A container weighs more after air is put in, which proves that air has weight.【词块积累】【词块积累

50、】(1)contain sth 包含包含/含有含有/容纳某物容纳某物 contain oneself 自我忍耐自我忍耐/克制克制(2)container n. 容器容器【巧学助记】【巧学助记】contain 和和 include【即学活用】(1)语法填空。This book _ (contain) all the information you need.This chemical material needs to be stored in a special _(contain).(2)The little girl could not _(使自己抑制住)delight when she received herbirthday present