（2019版）新人教版高中英语必修第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration Discovering Useful Structures(1)ppt课件.pptx

1、Discovering Useful Structures- infinitives as the adverbial and the attribute1.To learn the usage of infinitive used as attribute or adverbial in a sentence.2.To apply what we learn in this period to exercises, especially in writing and grammar filling.nBy the end of this class, you will have been a

2、ble to1动词不定式的基本形式动词不定式的基本形式PART ONEActive(主动)Passive （被动）一般式进行式完成式to do: to doto be doneto be doingto have doneto have been done2动词不定式的作用动词不定式的作用PART TWO 1 主语 (subject) 2 宾语 (object) 3 表语 (predicative) 4 定语定语 (attribute) 5 状语状语 (adverbial) 6 宾补 (object complement)Read the sentences below and focus o

3、n underlined parts. Then, think about their functions and meanings.1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot. 2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space. 3. Some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explor

4、e space.4. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. infinitive as adverbialinfinitive as adverbialinfinitive as attributeinfinitive as attribute动词不定式作定语 (attribute) 1.I hope in years to come he will reflect on his decision. 2.The Beatles songs changed the

5、 lives of generation to come. （2019浙江）浙江）一一、不定式做定语时常放在被修饰词的后面，常表示不定式做定语时常放在被修饰词的后面，常表示将将来的来的动作；动作；不定式作定语的几种情况不定式作定语的几种情况 1. She is _ to get an offer(第一个拿到第一个拿到offer的毕业生的毕业生) in the big company.2. He is _（唯一幸存的人）（唯一幸存的人） the accident. 3. He is_ the job. （合适做这份工作的人）二二、名词、名词被特定词被特定词修饰修饰当名词被序数词或当名词被序数词或

6、 the only, the next, the last, the right，形容词最高级修饰，且该名词是作定语的非谓语动词的形容词最高级修饰，且该名词是作定语的非谓语动词的执行者时，用不定式主动形式作定语。执行者时，用不定式主动形式作定语。不定式作后置定语的几种情况不定式作后置定语的几种情况 the only one to survive the right person to do the first graduate1. In the past, women had no chance to go to school.2. He made an attempt to be admit

7、ted to the big company. 3. A good teacher must have the ability to make himself understood. 4. I must keep the promise to pay on time.5. His eagerness to get back home was quite obvious. 三、三、不定式作定语与特定名词连用：不定式作定语与特定名词连用：当修饰的名词是ability, ambition, attempt, chance, courage, desire, decision, effort, fai

8、lure, moment, promise, right, time, wish （一些表示企图、努力、愿望、打算、能力等意义的名词）不定式作后置定语的几种情况不定式作后置定语的几种情况 1. Give me a pen _. （写）2. He is looking for a room _.（住） 3. There is nothing _.（担心）4. Here is a piece of paper for you _. （写）四、四、不定式加介词作定语：不定式加介词作定语：作定语的作定语的动词不定式如果是不及物动词或者不定式所动词不定式如果是不及物动词或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定

9、式动作的地点、工具等，不修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。定式后面须有相应的介词。不定式作后置定语的几种情况不定式作后置定语的几种情况 to write withto live into worry about to write on思考：不定式做定语时，不定式思考：不定式做定语时，不定式和它所修饰的词之间的关系。和它所修饰的词之间的关系。Difficult point!1. We must find a person to do the work.2. There are lots of interesting things to see. 3. They

10、 got the order to leave the city. 动词不定式作定语一般与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系、动词不定式作定语一般与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系、动宾关系、或同位关系。动宾关系、或同位关系。主谓关系主谓关系动宾关系动宾关系同位关系同位关系1. I have a lot of things to do tomorrow.2. Please give me something to drink.3. He will show you the right path to take.在在一些固定句型中，动词不定式作定语用主动形式表被动意一些固定句型中，动词不定式作定语用主动形式表被动

11、意义，如义，如 have / get / give / show sth to do。在此类句型中，不定式与前面的名词构成动宾关系，和句中在此类句型中，不定式与前面的名词构成动宾关系，和句中另一个名词或代词构成主谓关系。另一个名词或代词构成主谓关系。 I do a lot of things. / I drink something. / You take the right path. 拓展与补充拓展与补充 1. Do you have any clothes to wash?2. Kids, do you have any clothes to be washed?3. I cant go

12、 out this afternoon, because I have many materials to type. 4. The boss told me that he had many materials to be typed.当不定式与前面的名词构成动宾关系，且和句中的主语当不定式与前面的名词构成动宾关系，且和句中的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，用主动形式表被动意义；若构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，用主动形式表被动意义；若没有逻辑上的主谓关系且不确定逻辑主语是谁时，仍用没有逻辑上的主谓关系且不确定逻辑主语是谁时，仍用被动语态。被动语态。 试比较试比较1 1、2 2句和句和3 3、4 4句的

13、区别是什么？句的区别是什么？1. The airport _ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. 2. We are having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _ (make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company.3. Volunteering gives you a chance _ (change) lives, including your own. 4. The studen

14、ts are looking forward to having an opportunity _ (explore) society of real-life experience. 5. I have a lot of readings _ (complete) before the end of this term. to be completedto be madeto change 高考链接高考链接to exploreto complete动词不定式作状语 (adverbial) 1. To make friends easily, you need to be very kind.

15、 2. More TV programmes were produced to raise peoples concern over food safety. 3. To / _ catch the first bus, he got up early. 4. The bus stopped _ pick up passengers. 一、不定式作一、不定式作目的状语目的状语，可用，可用in order to / so as to 代代替，有时为了突出强调目的，还可将这个词组置于句替，有时为了突出强调目的，还可将这个词组置于句首，但首，但so as to一般不用于句首。一般不用于句首。In o

16、rder toto/in order to/so as to目的状语从句与不定式的转换目的状语从句与不定式的转换 I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting. 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时，可以直接简化为不定式或不定式短语作状语。当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时，要用动词不定式的复合结构作状语。Well start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time. Well start early in order to

17、/so as to arrive in time.I came early (in order) for you to read my report before the meeting.1. He arrived at the train station, only to find the train had already left. 2. She is too tired to do the job. 3. He is old enough to go to school.4. Will you be so kind as to open the window?二、二、不定式作结果状语（

18、通常出现在句尾）不定式作结果状语（通常出现在句尾）（1）too . to+动词原形，意为动词原形，意为“太太以至于不以至于不”。（2）(only) to+动词原形动词原形(find/discover/realize)。only to常用于表示结果令人失望或感到意外常用于表示结果令人失望或感到意外（3）so +adj./adv.+as (not) to do 或或such +n.+as (not) to do句型，表示句型，表示“如此如此以至于以至于”。（4）adj./adv. + enough to do，意为，意为“足以去做足以去做”。Infinitive as adverbial1. I

19、am so excited to be here! 2. I am more than delighted to be with you!3. She is proud to have won the first place. 4. He is glad to be invited to the meeting. 三、不定式作三、不定式作原因状语原因状语，常用于，常用于“主语主语 + be + 形容形容词词 + to do”结构中，此类形容词多是结构中，此类形容词多是glad, excited, disappointed, shocked等表示喜怒哀乐的形容词。等表示喜怒哀乐的形容词。Infi

20、nitive as adverbial【即学活用】语法填空(1) _(work out) the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. (2) _(learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. To work outTo learn(3)He hurried to the station only _(find) the tra

21、in had left. (4)(2018全国卷)We travel on Day 2 to northern France _(visit) the World War battlefields. (5)(2018全国卷) When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad _(find) them alive. to findto visitto find(6)(2018全国卷) Join us _(taste) a variety of fresh local food and drinks. to taste3课

22、堂小结PART THREE 课堂小结 不定式状语目的表示某一动作的目的；Only to, in order to, so as to结果出乎意料的结果；only to do，enough to do，tooto原因常用于“主语 + be + 形容词 + to do”结构中定语与被修饰词关系动宾，主谓，动状，同位不同使用情况特定词修饰；抽象名词；不及物动词4当堂检测当堂检测PART FOUR3.他总是第一个到办公室，最后一个离开。He is always _ and the last one to leave the office. 4.有足够的食物供客人享用。There is enough f

23、ood for the guests _.1.要正确地画地图，你需要一支特制的笔。_, you need a special pen.2.他来晚了，发现其他人都回家了。He arrived late _.To draw maps correctly to enjoythe first one to cometo find the others had gone home 当堂检测一句多译我们将召开会议来讨论这种不健康的生活方式。Well hold a meeting _ the unhealthy lifestyle.Well hold a meeting _ the unhealthy li

24、festyle.Well hold a meeting _ the unhealthy lifestyle._ the unhealthy lifestyle，well hold a meeting._ the unhealthy lifestyle，well hold a meeting.to discussin order to discussso as to discussIn order to discussTo discuss同义句转换We stayed in Beijing so that/in order that we could visit the Birds Nest.We

25、 stayed in Beijing _ the Birds Nest.We will do everything in order that/so that they can live happily.We will do everything _.Well hold a meeting for you to know the programme.Well hold a meeting _ you can know the programme.so as to/in order to visitfor them to live happilyin order that6. _ (make)

26、it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand. 7. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _ (find) it didnt fit. 8. Group activities will be organised after class _ (help) children develop team spirit. 9. George returned after the war, only _ (t

27、ell) that his wife had left him. 10. With time going by, it spread all over the country, _ (become) the most popular drama in China.11. We were astonished _ (find) the temple still in its original condition. To maketo find to help高考链接高考链接to be toldbecomingto find5HOMEWORKHOMEWORK1. 1.小红书小红书P162-164P162-1642. 2.五三阅读理解之细节（或紫本五三阅读理解之细节（或紫本unit22unit22）3.3.默写续写范文（骑独轮车表演）默写续写范文（骑独轮车表演）PART FIVETHANKS