（2019版）新人教版高中英语必修第二册Unit 3 语法与写作学案（教师版+学生版）.zip

1人教版高中英人教版高中英语语（ （2019）必修二）必修二 Unit 3 语语法与写作法与写作知知识识点一：点一： 现现在完成在完成时时的被的被动语态动语态现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。这种语法项目既要表示现在已经完成又要表示被动的含义，因此很多同学在具体运用中容易顾此失彼，难以把握。运用现在完成时的被动语态时应掌握以下几个问题：一、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式肯定式主语have/has been done.否定式主语have/has not been done.一般疑问式Have/Has主语been done.？特殊疑问式疑问词have/has主语been done.？A new network has been set up.一个新的网络已经建立起来了。To Toms disappointment，his novel has not been published.让汤姆失望的是，他的小说还没有被出版。Has his bike been repaired?他的自行车修好了吗？How many residents have been invited to the conference？有多少居民受到了参会邀请？二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法1表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与 already，yet，never，recently 等副词及时间状语 so far，by now，up till/to now，since 等连用。The database has already been updated.数据库已经被更新了。(现在可以使用新的数据库了)2表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for 或 since 等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于 how long 引出的句子中。The machine has been repaired for two hours.这台机器已经被修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)3用在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。You shouldnt leave school before your homework has been finished.在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。2三、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意 6 点问题1与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。The park was opened to the public last year.去年这个公园向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去)The park has been opened to the public.这个公园已向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经向公众开放了)2非延续性动词，如 borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join 等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思， 则要改换动词或时态。The work was finished two weeks ago.这项工作于两周前被完成。The work has been finished.这项工作已经被完成。3短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。It is said that the problem has been looked into.据说已经调查了这个问题。4只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。We have built many houses in the past ten years.Many houses have been built in the past ten years.在过去的十年里我们建了很多房子。5带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，tell，pay，lend，pass，promise 等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。 We have given him a lot of cash.He has been given a lot of cash.A lot of cash has been given to him.我们给了他很多现金。6带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补改为主语补足语。原来省略 to 的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带 to 的不定式。 I have told them to take their identity cards.They have been told to take their identity cards.我已经告诉他们要带上身份证。3课课堂巩固堂巩固一一.用所给词的正确形式填空。用所给词的正确形式填空。1Will Peterson come to our graduation ceremony(毕业典礼)?Its a pity.He _(send) to India as a volunteer teacher.2Its said that a new software _(develop)It will soon be on sale.3Since 1958，they _(recognise) as the national theatre of Israel.4Our classroom_(clean)You neednt clean it now.5How many cars _(stick) since the accident happened?6Three new schools _(open) in our city in the past five years.7The child_(take) care of by his grandma all these years.8Up to now，no conclusion(结论) _(reach) about who should be awarded the first prize.9Fire extinguishers(灭火器) are located on each floor.You can use them only if you _(train) to do so.10Great changes_(take) place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories _(set) up.二二.单句写作。单句写作。11听说李涛已被复旦大学录取我们很高兴。_12何时何地去度假还没定下来。_13纸币已经在世界上存在了 1 000 多年了。_14人们的健康已经受到空气、噪音和水的极大影响。_15公司最近给了他一个去海外工作的机会。_知知识识点二：写作点二：写作文体指导文体指导4解决问题类博文属于解决问题类说明文，其结构安排:1.简要说明做某件事情需要解决的问题。2.具体说明问题及解决办法。3.简要说明这些问题解决后将会出现的结果。写作时应注意以下三个方面：1.此类书面表达通常为话题作文或看图作文，所以应仔细研读提示信息或图画，明确应围绕什么问题或现象展开评论。2.围绕主题进行拓展。根据要求和提示信息合理安排篇章中各部分内容的比例，做到详略得当、条理清楚、文字简练。3.时态：多采用一般现在时，但如果提示中给出了具体时间，可对时态进行相应的调整。亮点句式亮点句式1.提建议的句型提建议的句型We must learn how to.My tips are as follows.Only in this way can we.In my opinion, the best way to solve the problem is.2.说明现象或问题的常用句型说明现象或问题的常用句型We must have a correct understanding of.But every coin has two sides.The situation many people are facing is that.To start with, .The second reason is.The last but not least reason is.Faced with the problem, quite a few people argue that.but others.3.得出结论得出结论With concerted efforts we will pull through the difficulties.With the help of.we can manage to overcome these difficulties.课堂练笔未成年人特别是中学生沉溺网络，影响其身心健康发展，引发社会治安问题，成为大5家关注的话题之一；同时，严厉打击网络低俗信息，给孩子创造一个干净、无污染的网络世界。根据以上信息就未成年人如何“安全、健康”上网及网络的利弊谈谈你的看法。注意：1.内容要点可用不同方式表达。2.应紧扣主题，可适当发挥。3.词数 100 左右。布局谋篇布局谋篇体裁体裁时态时态主题主题人称人称结构结构第一段：第一段：第二段：第二段：遣词造句遣词造句一对接单元词汇1. now that由于，因为2 benefit our study 使我们的学习受益3. update our knowledge更新我们的知识4.surf the Internet网上冲浪；上网5. keep in mind牢记6. keep away from 远离二巧用单元句式、语法（一）完成句子1.互联网并不总是安全和健康的。The Internet is not always safb and healthy .2.我们必须学会如何正确使用互联网，远离不健康的网站。We must learn how to correctly use the Internet to keep away from unhealthy websites.3.众所周知，互联网有它的优点和缺点。We all know that the Internet has its advantages and its disadvantages4.我们可以在网上得到有用的信息，并使我们的学习受益。We can get the useful information and benefit study on the Internet.5.我们应该记住，沉迷于上网会毁掉我们的生活和学习。6We should keep in mind that being addicted to surfing the Internet will get our life and study destroyed.6.同时，长时间上网会使我们身体状况不佳。Meanwhile, surfing the Internet long will make us not in shape.（二）句式升级7.用 now that 合并句子 1、2Now that the Internet is not always safe and healthy, wc must learn how to correctly use the Internet to keep away firom unhealthy websites.8.用 as 引导非限制性定语从句并用 as well as 升级句子 3As we all know, the Internet has its advantages as well as its disadvantages.【参考范文参考范文】We must have a correct understanding of the Internet. Now that the Internet is not always safe and healthy, we must learn how to correctly use the Internet to keep away from unhealthy websites. Meanwhile, society is to strengthen and improve the protection of young people.As we all know, the Internet has its advantages as well as its disadvantages. We can get the useful information and benefit our study on the Internet. Besides, we can know about the latest news, widen our field of vision, and update our knowledge. But every coin has two sides. We should keep in mind that being addicted to surfing the Internet will get our life and study destroyed. Meanwhile, surfing the Internet long will make us not in shape.课课堂巩固堂巩固一.应用文写作.随着网络的发展，很多人给亲朋好友发电子贺卡表示问候和祝福。请根据以下提示，写一篇 80 词左右的博客，阐述电子贺卡的优越性。1传递速度快； 2形式多种多样； 3有利于保护环境； 4可以播放动画和声音。参考词汇：电子贺卡 ecard动画 animation 7 二二. . 应用文写作.随着网络的发展，人们消费观念的转变，购物方式也在悄然地发生变化。 “网购”已成为一种时尚，越来越多的学生也正加入网购群体。请你根据以下提示，在你的博客上写一篇关于“网上购物”的文章。优点：1足不出户，节约时间；2价格通常比较便宜；3可供选择的范围广，种类多。缺点：1只能看到图片，看不到商品本身；2容易购买大量不太需要的东西，造成浪费。 课课后作后作业业1、阅读阅读理解理解 （每小（每小题题 2 分，共分，共 30 分）分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。AWinter is a very special time in Northern Norway. Winter also means skiing, and Narvik can offer some of the best skiing in Norway. The view and light change frequently and no two days are the same. For many people, the northern lights are an unforgettable sight, and in Narvik the sky is especially clear and great for watching at night.The tourist season lasts from February to April, although May can be fascinating too, often with fantastic dry snow and an unbelievable light lasting well into the evening.Ski hire8It is possible for adults and children to hire skiing equipment such as snowboards. All equipment is prepared for use. If you would like to book your equipment, please go to .Crosscountry skiingThere are 12 kilometres of cross-country ski run in Narvik. You need to bring your own skis as there is no cross-country hire. However, equipment can be bought at local sports shops in and around Narvik.Offpiste skiing（非滑雪（非滑雪场场地滑雪）地滑雪）In order to explore Narviks off-piste opportunities, you need to know the dangers when choosing routes. It is suggested that you bring necessary equipment such as a shovel and a GPS locator. Ask for an experienced guide. With a guide you can explore Narviks special off-piste areas in a safe manner.Sometimes it is nice to do something different and not everybody enjoys skiing. Then you can go horse-riding, or visit the local museums.Price examples for the 2018/2019 seasonTimeChildren (8-15 years)Adults1 dayNOK 230NOK 3253 daysNOK 590NOK 8355 daysNOK 815NOK 1,1707 daysNOK 970NOK 1,375Children 0-7 years can enjoy the service for free.1. In Northern Norway, the tourist season may last _.Aone monthBtwo monthsCthree monthsDfour months2. What can we know from the passage?ANarvik is located in the south of Norway.BNarvik is open to adults and children over eight.CYou are provided with skiing equipment for free.DYou can book skiing equipment through the Internet.93. If Mr. and Mrs. Smith stay in Narvik with their six-year-old daughter for three days in 2019, they should pay _ .ANOK 1,160BNOK 1,425CNOK 1,670DNOK 2,260B The idea behind Facebook is to make us feel connected all the time. But in my research, Ive found that the truth is quite different.Technology, it turns out, has made being alone seem like a problem that needs solving. When young people are alone, even for a minute or two, they feel the need to connect, to get on Facebook or some other social networks and chat. But in connecting, they often end up feeling more isolated. Why? Because by being in constant (不断的) connection, they lose the ability to feel satisfied with their own company.Facebook can help us keep in touch with our friends, but we too often use it instead of spending face-to-face time with them. And since we feel the need to keep up with them online, we dont have moments of loneliness where we can collect our thoughts and learn how to be comfortable being alone.Sherry Turkle, ProfessorFacebook connects more of us to more of our friends and family in more places than we have ever been connected before. Yes, Facebook is a huge time sinkmaybe the biggest ever. Many people post useless stuff. And seeing too much of your friends lives can make you jealous (嫉妒的), but it wont make you lonely.Jane, a former student of mine, who is back in New York after living abroad for ten years, told me that Facebook helps her a lot. The first time she moved back to New York from abroad, she felt disconnected from her family and friends. Now, because of lots of photos and information updates (更新), she knows what is happening with her friends all the time. In fact, if you are lonely in real life, you will be lonely online as wellSree Sreenivasan, Chief Digital Officer4. The underlined word “isolated” in Paragraph 2 means “_”A. freeB. selfish C. careless D. lonely105. According to Sherry Turkle, we should_.A. feel satisfied with our lifeB. avoid using social networksC. keep in touch with our friendsD. enjoy moments of loneliness6. Whats Janes attitude towards Facebook?A. Hopeful. B. Doubtful. C. Thankful. D. Regretful.7. The purpose of the text is to_A. educate B. discuss C.persuade D. introduceCGoldfish have pretty boring lives, so maybe its a good thing that they can only concentrate for nine seconds! But according to a new research, humans are becoming like goldfish. Our attention span (时长) is getting shorter and its all because of technology.“We move quickly from one site to another on the web,” says Dr.Ted Selker, a computer scientist from Massachusetts, “and we are losing the ability to concentrate.” With millions of websites to choose from, the attention span of the average Internet user is just seconds. There are other digital distractions (分心) too: e-mail, instant messaging and quickie movies on websites.Some people are worried about the effect on young people. “You need time to understand and think about what you read,”says Julia Wood, from London. “Young people search the net all the time and their brains become full of useless information but there is no time to make sense of it. I am trying to persuade my pupils to read more books, so that they concentrate on one subject for longer.”Other teachers are trying more unusual methods to improve students concentration. Anne Savan, from Wales, was so worried about her students that she started playing Mozart during her science lessons. She says that it had an amazing effect, “The music made them calmer, and their concentration was much better.”But not everyone believes that there is a problem. Ray Cole, an educational psychologist says, “On the web, young people learn to make quick decisions about what is and isnt worth reading. They might look at five unhelpful websites very quickly, before stopping and reading a sixth useful 11website more carefully. In a world with so much information available, this is an important skill.”8. Why does the writer mention “goldfish”？A. To analyze dataB. To introduce a topicC. To settle problems D. To suggest a way out9. What may cause a shorter attention span according to Dr.Ted Selker?A. Skipping around the InternetB. Time to digest informationC. Traditional methods of readingD. Making decisions10. What will help students overcome a short attention span?A. Receiving emailsB. Texting messagesC. Reading more booksD. Watching quickie movies11. What is Ray Coles attitude towards looking through websites quickly?A. CautiousB. UnfavorableC. Skeptical D. SupportiveDDo you have trouble trying to create the next big idea? Sometimes the answer isnt to just force an idea out of your mind. Instead, you might want to try sitting back, relaxing and letting your mind wander. Yes, you heard that correctly. If you are in need of a new idea, try daydreaming.Researchers from the university of California, Santa Barbara, found an association between daydreaming and creative problem-solving. Their study includes having participants first do an “unusual-use task”. They had to try to come up with as many different ways to use an object as they could.Then, the participants chose to do one of the following four things before doing the “unusual-use task” again: complete a difficult task; complete an easy task; take a 12-minute break; or skip the 1212-minute break and move right on to the task exercise again.Surprisingly, the group that performed best was the one that completed the easy task. Many participants reported that they were daydreaming while performing the easy task. So the researchers believed that this daydreaming might have helped unlock their creativity.But how could daydreaming help the brain come up with creative ways? The answer is something known as “unconscious thought”. Even when you are not actively working to solve a problem, it is still in the back of your mind. Your brain is still thinking about the problem, but in a much more subtle (不易察觉的) way.When you daydream, your mind is allowed to think in ways it normally would not. Because it is free of control, it can create completely new and out-of-the-box ideas.Great ideas never come easily, but that does not mean you always have to work hard to get them. Feel free to do what you want and let your mind wander.12. The “unusual-use task” in Paragraph 2 means that participants _.A. complete an easy task B. complete a very difficult taskC. take a 12-minute breakD. think of various ways to use an object13. Why did the participants who completed the easy task perform best?A. They were not actively working to solve the easy task.B. They daydreamed and it helped them be more creative.C. They were daydreaming while performing the difficult task.D. They skipped the 12-minute break to complete the task again.14. What does the underlined phrase “unconscious thought” in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Your brain wanders in a subtle way within your control.B. Your brain knows