（2019版）新人教版高中英语必修第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 词汇梳理含答案.docx

1、Unit 2moral/mrl/ adj.道德的；道义上的 n.品行；道德；寓意adj. 只用于名词前 immoral, morally adv 道德上moral standard/ questionsa moral victory / supportn C 复数-道德规范、准则、品行social moralsvirtue/vtu:/ n.高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质*正式用语 美德，德行 - 反vice 恶行 Punctuality is a necessary virtue*优点，长处=advantage*by/in virtue of 因为，由于，凭借eg: We can defeat t

2、he virus by virtue of our unity. 团结起来我们可以打败病毒*CF virtual adj 几乎的， 虚拟的， virtual reality=VR 虚拟现实 a virtual stranger 几乎不认识 virtually adj. 几乎，差不多dilemma /dlem/ n.C进退两难的境地；困境*a moral dilemma 道德困境*di 二，两 + lemma 争论 争论有两种 进退两难*be in/face a dilemma about sth 处于两难境地 She faced a dilemma about whetherto accept

3、 the invitation or not.faint /fent/ vi.昏倒；晕厥昏倒；晕厥 adj.不清楚的；微弱的不清楚的；微弱的 fainter, faintest*adj. 眩晕的，虚弱的眩晕的，虚弱的 I was faint with/from hunger 我饿得头昏眼花*饿饿：Starved as I was, I didnt want to bother the warm-hearted family anymore. /Hungry and tired, I had a terrible desire for a steaming cup of tea and a pi

4、ece of pizza*adj.(声光味声光味)微弱的，微小的微弱的，微小的=slightThe faint memory 模糊的记忆a faint glow/glimmer/light微弱的光亮 / 闪光 / 光a faint smell of perfume 淡淡的香水味a faint hope/ chance 渺小的希望、机会Afaint smile 淡淡的笑，not enthusiastic* vi. 昏厥，晕倒昏厥，晕倒* adv.faintly=slightly 略微地 eg：He looked faintly embarrassed.他显得有点难堪。illustrate /ls

5、tret/ vt.（举例）说明；阐明；给（书或文章）加插图illustration n. 说明；阐明Eg: To illustrate my pint, le me tell you a little story. 为了说明我的观点，我给你们讲个小故事吧precious/pres/ adj.珍稀的；宝贵的*preci 价格；价值 + ous 的 有价值的 珍贵的* precious time/ memories/ jewels* valuable, priceless, prized*词根：preci, prais= price, value 价格；价值appreciate =ap 表加强 +

6、 preci 价格；价值 + ate 做，造成，使 因为欣赏反复评价 评价；欣赏*后缀 (i)ous 表示有什么性质，curious-curiosity, previous, delicious, consciousentrust /ntrst/ vt.委托；交付*en-使能够 动词前缀* entrust sb with sth= entrust sth to sbEg: The teacher entrusted the monitor with the arrangements for the party = Theteacher entrusted the arrangement for

7、 the party to the monitor. 老师委托班长安排聚会carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关帮助某人渡过难关Eg: These honorable and respectable people(钟南山、李兰娟等) carry us through theCovid 19.*It was your help that carried me through the hard time under the intenseacademic pressure.正是你的帮助使我度过正是你的帮助使我度过了紧张学习压力下的了紧张学习压力下的艰难时刻艰难时刻*carry

8、具有（品质或特点）具有（品质或特点）On Chinese New Year, decorating with plants, fruitsand flowers carries special significance.在中国新年在中国新年，用植物用植物、水果和鲜花来装饰水果和鲜花来装饰具有特殊的意义具有特殊的意义*carry out 执行，实行；*Be/get carried away 变得很激动；失去自制力去自制力* carry on (with) 继续进行；开展继续进行；开展marriage/mrd/ n.结婚；婚姻*marry vt marry sb. 与某人结婚*marry sb t

9、o sb 把某人嫁给某人；为某人娶亲*married adj.已婚的*因为因为 marry 是非持续性动词，不能用完成态。如：他们已经结婚了是非持续性动词，不能用完成态。如：他们已经结婚了 13 年年错：错：They have married for 13 years.正：正：They have been married for 13 years.正：正：They got married 13 years ago.*-age 后缀经常和动词词根结合， 一般构成抽象名词，主要表示 the act or result ofing 该行为或行为的后果 carry-carriage 运输，马车；lea

10、k-leakage 渗漏; voyage,damagemajority /mdrti/ n.大部分；大多数*major adj. 主要的 very large or important; 严重的=serious major problem; n.vi主修课程 major in/ an English major*minor adj. 少数的 minority n. 少数民族;少数* be in the majority* majority of +复数名词，谓语动词复数Majority of +集合名词， 谓语动词单复数The majority of students find it quit

11、ehard to learn German ; The majority of population lives/live in the north of the island* The majority 表示一类人，强调整体用单数；强调个体用复数 One third of thecountry is covered with trees and the jaority of the citizens are black plain /kmplen/ vi. & vt.抱怨；发牢骚*complaint n. 抱怨*complain to sb about/of sth 向某人抱怨某事/

12、 make a complaint to sb 向某人提出投诉;抱怨*complain 后面不能直接跟 sb.作宾语， 须加介词 to。 类似的词还有 explain(解释，说明)，announce(宣告)，suggest(建议)等【辨析】【辨析】grumble, complain, moan*grumble v.n： to complain about sb/sth in a bad-tempered way 指咕哝、 嘟囔、 发牢骚。 grumbleat/to sb about/at sb/sth发出隆隆声 Thunder grumbled in the distance. 远处雷声隆隆*

13、complain 侧重因对处境不满、待遇不公或自己有痛苦等而向别人诉说、埋怨。*moann.v(on) (about sth) (to sb) | (at sb)to complain about sb/sth in an annoying way 抱怨、 埋怨(很烦人的方式)；呻吟(尤指风的)呼啸声，萧萧声tuition/tjun/ n.（小组）教学；讲课fee /fi:/ n.专业服务费；报酬tuition fees 学费* fee：an amount of money that you pay for professional advice or services 付给专业人员的服务费，

14、 也可指为加入某组织或做某事而支付的费用 doctors/lawyers fees 医生诊费/律师费membership fee 会费*fare n. 票价，交通工具的费用 bus fare 车费*charge: the amount of money that sb asks for goods and services 为服务或商品索取的费用* rate:a fixed amount of money that is asked or paid for sth 指所索取或付出的价格、费用 Weoffer special reduced rates for students. 我们对学生有特

15、惠价格respond /rspnd/ vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应response /rspns/ n.反应；回答；回复*responsive adj. 应答的;响应的responsible adj.负责任的responsibility n.责任; 职责*respond to 对做出回答对做出回答response =answer vi & n. + tomake a quick response to 对对作出快速反应作出快速反应 / in response to对对作出反应作出反应union /ju:nin/ n.协会；联合会；工会unitevi. & vt. 联合

16、；团结unity n. 团结unionn.联合；联盟；结合；协会scholarship /sklp/ n.奖学金*win a scholarship 赢得奖学金scholarn.学者hire/ha(r)/ vt.聘任；雇用；租用 n.租借；租用*hire sb to do sthhire out 出租 The company hires out carscars on / for hirephysician /fzn/ n.医师； （尤指）内科医生physics 物理学physicist 物理学家physician 医生resident physician 住院医师colleague /kli

17、:g/ n.同事;同僚coworker 同事college 专科学校reject /rdekt/ vt.拒绝接受；不录用rejection /rdekn/ n.拒绝接受；否决*reject ones idea/suggestion/plan 拒绝接受某人的想法/建议/计划reject an argument/a decision/an offer 拒绝接受一个论点/一个决定/一项提议【易混辨析】【易混辨析】reject 与与 refusereject vt.正式用词，“摒弃，不采用，不使用”。refuse vi.& vt.普通用词，“拒绝”。refuse sb.sth.拒绝某人某事re

18、fuse to do sth.拒绝做某事*turn down 拒绝deny n. 否认appoint/pnt/ vt.任命；委派appointmentn. 约会；任命记 ap 加强 + point 点；变尖 将尖点对准某人 指派*appoint sb. as/to be . 任命某人为appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事make/have an appointment with sb. 与某人约会keep/break an appointment 守/违约*所有人都在指定时间到大厅里集合了 Everyone was assembled in the hall at th

19、e appointedtime.【辨】appoint，name, designate, nominate*appoint 不经投票选举等而直接指派*name 由官方选定某人或某物，尤指使其担任重要职务，常可与介词 as 连用，但现在经常将其省略。The president named her (as) Secretary of the State.总统任命她为国务卿。*designate 委派*nominate 任命*词根 point, punct, pung= point, to make sharp 点；变尖acupuncture=acu 尖 + punct 点；变尖 + ure 表行为

20、用针尖点 针灸punctual=punct 点；变尖 + ual 有性质的 卡在点上 准时的punctuate=punct 点；变尖 + uate 加上点 加标点clinic /klnk/ n.诊所；门诊部farawayadj. 遥远的electvt. 选举;推选electionn.选举;推选;当选记e 出 + lect 选择；收集 选出，选举*常用于被动，elect sb to sth 选入/ elect sb as sth 选为 Ill never forget being elected to thestudent council.decaden.十年;十年期*in the past d

21、ecadeelsewhereadv.在别处;去别处tendvt. 照顾;照料 vi.倾向;趋于tend to /towards sth 倾向于，有.的趋势 The sort of music I listen to varies, but it tends towardlight music* tend to do sth 易于做某事;往往会发生某事* vt & vi 照顾，护理 tend (to) the sick照顾、照料的短语 look after, take care of, keep an eye on, attend to*tendency nchave a tendenc

22、y towards/to sth/do sth* tender adj.tenderly adv.tenderness n1. 温柔的;= softly, gentlyHer voice was tender, full of pity.她的声音很温柔，充满了怜爱Mr. White tenderly embraced his wife.怀特先生温柔地拥抱了妻子。2. （食物）嫩 the meat is tender-反义词 tough3. 脆弱的、易损坏=delicateeg: tender young plantspublishvt. 发表(作品);出版*publisherpunish v.

23、 惩罚punishment n. 惩罚staffn.员工;全体职员*stuff 塞满，馅 包子：stuffed bunretirevivt.退体;退职;退出*retired adj.retirement n.* retire fromsavingn.节省物;节省;节约;pl.储蓄金;存款*save vt vi.1. 储蓄，积攒 I should save up for a rainy day. 我应该存钱以备不时之需2. 保存保留 save a seat for me3. 节省、节约，a time-saving skill4. vt 免得; 避免 Doctorsdoor-to-door vis

24、its save many old peoples trouble of going tohospital.kindergarten n.学前班;幼儿园principlen.道德原则;法则;原则*the basic principle 基本原理/基本原则guiding principle / a man of principle/ Its against my principle*stick to ones principle*in principle 理论上，原则上，大体上基本上辨principal = headmaster 校长passiveadj. 被动的;顺从的 反active积极的

25、positive, 乐观的 optimistic消极的 negative, 悲观的 pessimisticscaredadj. 害怕的;对感到惊慌或恐惧的scarevt. 惊吓;使害怕 vi 受惊吓=frighten*scare . away/off* be scared to death* be scared of doing sth/ to do sth*scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的 a scary movie 恐怖电影辨 scar 伤疤；疤痕； scarf 围巾Im scared_ to travel by planebecause the thought that it mig

26、htcrash scares me. Thats too scary.sharp*adj. 锋利的 sharp teeth*(感官)敏锐； （人）机灵反 dull/stupidShe has sharp eyes.她目光敏锐*(言辞)尖刻的，严厉的 be sharp with sb/ she has a sharp tongue 说话刻薄*(角度、变化)急剧 a sharp drop/ increase in prices*剧烈的，猛烈的 I felt a sharp pain in my back*尖利的，刺耳的 Through all the noise came a sharp warn

27、ing cry. 嘈杂中传来一声尖锐的警告声*adv. （指时刻）整 2 oclock sharp*sharply adv 急剧地；严厉地例：Hardly had Sabrina finished her words whenAlbert sad sharply. “Dont be so mean,”pointing a finger of warning at her.*sharpenvi. & vt.（使）锋利；尖锐；清晰sharpenern.磨具；削具insurancen保险;保险业*insure vt 给.购买保险记in 使 + sur 肯定；安全 + e 使安全 保险insu

28、re (yourself/sth) against sthMy house is insured against fire and theft.我的房子上了火灾险和防盗险。* an insurance companylife/accident insuranceAbalanced diet is an insurance against malnutrition. 均衡的饮食可以防止营养不良词根sur= sure, safe 肯定；安全ensure 确保*assure 使确信（多接从句）, assuring=giving confidence,*reassure 使.安心，打消.的疑虑 rea

29、ssure sb about sthHe neednt have gone to hospital, but he went just to reassure himself.他本不必去医院的，去了只是想让自己放心点。energeticadj. 精力充沛的;充满活力的 energetically adv.积极地replacevt. 接替;取代;更换=take the place of=take ones placereplace sb/sth with/by 用代替某人/物accidentn.事故;车祸;失事*n C&U偶然的事，意外的事 The discovery was a hap

30、py accident.这个发现是机缘巧合*by accident 偶然的反 on purpose*accidental adj. 意外的; 偶然的 accidentally adv I stepped on a young mans footaccidentally 我不小心踩到一个年轻人的脚辨incident，accident, eventincident 小事件，小插曲，政治上有影响的事件或事变Event 历史重大事件，国际国内大事及体育比赛项目operationn.手术;企业;经营whispervi.vt.悄声说;耳语;低语 n.耳语(声);低语(声);传言;谣传* whisper a

31、bout sth 嘀咕/ whisper sth to sb / whisper sth into/in ones ear* speak in a whisper 低声说话*murmur v. 小声嘀咕midnightn.子夜;午夜*At midnightimportn.进口;进口商品 vt.进口;输入;引进exportn.出;出口商品 vt.出口;输出;传播polen.(行星的)极;地极*tadpole n. 蝌蚪north pole 北极south pole 南极polar adj. 极地的，polar bear 北极熊lapn.(坐着时的)大腿部;(跑道等的)一圈* in/on ones

32、 lap* She began to pass the other runners on the last lap.她从最后一圈时开始超过其他选手*laptop n. 手提电脑PC（=personal computer）个人电脑；个人计算机PDA(personal digital assistant)掌上电脑；个人数码助理bitevt.vi.( bit，bitten)咬;叮;蜇 n.咬;(咬下的)-口;咬伤* take a bite of sth 咬了一口辨snap, gnash*snap 动物猛咬 His teeth clicked as he snapped at my ankle*gna

33、sh ones teeth 因生气猛咬牙齿lipn.嘴唇*lip stick 口红assistvt. 帮助;援助记as 加强 + sist 站立 站起来帮助别人 帮助*assist sb to do*assist sb in/with sth续写-救援类 I swam to Dad quickly and assisted him in climbing/ to climb onto theboat 我迅速游向父亲，并协助他爬到船上辨assist, help, aidAssist 协助Help 给予各方面的帮助Aid 强调帮助别人脱离困难*assistance nassistant n.Giv

34、e/ offer / provide assistance to sbWith the assistance of his brother, he sold one painting.在弟弟的帮助下，他卖掉了一副油画。Can we be of assistance=can we help you in may way? 我们能帮上什么忙吗？词根sist=to standConsist, resist, assist, insist, existfirst aid急救pass away去世*pass the time 消磨时间Many years have passed, but I still

35、 remember it as if it were yesterday.许多年过去了，但记忆中的一切仿佛就在昨天*pass out 分发，分配，昏倒*passers-bychairmann.主席;主持人;董事长memoryn.记忆力:回忆in memory of作为对的纪念* in praise of 赞扬*in honor of sb= in sbs honour 为想某人表示敬意，为纪念某人 We celebrateMothers Day in honour of our mothers./Aceremony was held in those solidershonour.* in f

36、avor of 赞同， 支持 Opportunities and success tend to be in favour of those whoare ready 机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人chainn.一连串(人或事);链子;链条cafen.咖啡馆;小餐馆*cafeterian.自助食堂；自助餐厅waitressn.(餐馆的)女服务员;女侍者-ess 女的，雌性hostess n. 女主人；女主持人goddess, actress, stewardess, princess，duchess,host, god, actor, steward, prince,pregnant /pr

37、egnnt/ adj.怀孕的；妊娠的pregnancy n. 孕期disguise /dsgaz/ vt.装扮；假扮；掩盖 n.伪装；化装用具*in disguise伪装（的） ；假扮（的）*The British team did not disguise their delight at their success 英国队毫不掩饰他们获胜的喜悦。辨 disgust nU,厌恶、反感、气愤；vt（使）反感， （使）恶心 disgusted adj. 厌恶的，反感的； disgusting adj.令人作呕的倡议信It was disgusting to find that rubbish w

38、as piled everywhere.看到垃圾堆得到处都是，真恶心啊。maple /mepl/ n.枫树；械树cart/k:t/ n.手推车；运货马车cartoon n. 卡通spill /spl/ vt. & vi. ( spilt/spilled, spilt/spilled ) 液体(使)洒出；(使)溢出 （人）蜂拥而出*Tears began to spill out of the boys eyes. 男孩的眼泪开始夺眶而出。*My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance 我思如泉涌，奋笔疾书trip over 被绊

39、倒*trip vi 绊，绊倒*n C 旅行，出行(往返且短途)go on/ take a trip 去旅行去旅行a business trip to Japan辨trip, journey, voyage, tour* journey:长途或经常性，强调旅行本身，常有行程艰难或不回程之意AJourney to the West 西游记*voyage 长途，航海，航行*trip 短途往返或不常为之，强调目的或出行原因*tour 观光旅游 a sightseeing tour of the city/ a guided tourlimp /lmp/ vi.跛行；一痛一拐地走跛行；一痛一拐地走*li

40、m 门槛，引申为“限制” + p 走路受限制的 跛行* adj. 无力的无力的 His hand went limp and the knife clattered to the ground.他的手一软，刀子当啷一声掉到地上。She felt limp and exhausted. 她感到浑身无力，累极了。Flags and bunting hung limply in the still, warm air. 空气暖暖的，也没有风，旗帜和彩旗无精打采地垂着=wilted 发蔫，枯萎*v. 蹒跚= hobble; 进展缓慢，艰难前行tear /t(r)/ n.眼泪；泪水*in tears 流

41、着泪；含着泪burst into tearseyes filled with tearsbe in floods of tearsbitter tears blurred her vision 酸楚的泪水模糊了她的视线酸楚的泪水模糊了她的视线*tear tore torn 撕碎撕碎torn out 穿旧的，筋疲力尽的穿旧的，筋疲力尽的harm /h:m/ n. & vt.伤害；损害do harm to sb 对有害be harmful to 对有害despair/dspe(r)/ n. 绝望 vi.绝望；感到无望in despair 处于绝望中might /mat/ n.力量;威力al

42、mighty adj. 全能的a great deal (of)大量a great deal of = a good deal of 大量+ nU time/money/effort辨a great dealHe has matured a great deal over the past year.经过过去这一年，他成熟了许多。Agreat deal has been done.fable /febl/n.寓言；寓言故事court/k:t/ n. (网球等的)球场；法院；法庭courtyard 后院flexible /fleksbl/ adj.灵活的；可变通的flexibility n. 灵

43、活性flexibly adv. 灵活地income/nkm/ n.收入；收益outcomen.结果；效果overcome v. 克服per /p(r); p(r):/ prep.每；每一therefore /ef:(r)/ adv.因此；所以thus adv. 因此tension/tenn/ n.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑tense adj.*身体部位紧绷的 relax tense muscles*神经紧张的；担心的 When exposed to noise and strong light, I feel tense andrestless.一听见噪音或见到强光我就紧张不安。*形势，事件令人紧张

44、的 a tense political situation词根tend=to stretchextensionn.电话分机；扩大；延伸extend v.延伸， intend,Peking Union Medical College 北京协和医学院the Wenhai Scholarship “文海奖学金the OB-GYN department (全称 Department ofObstetrics and Gynecology )妇产科the Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国the National Peoples Congress /kgres/ 全国人民代表大会the North/South Pole 北极/南极Henry Norman Bethune /henri n:mn bju:n/ 亨利诺曼白求恩