（2019版）新人教版高中英语必修第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration Grammar 语法：不定式作定语和状语学案 .docx

1、Book 3 Unit 4Space ExplorationGrammar不定式作定语和状语探究发现探究发现This is the key to open the front door.There was nothing to be done.To illustrate my point, I have done a comparative analysis.Many farmers water their crops to make them grow more quickly.We dont have enough paper to write on.To prevent it comin

2、g nearer, the government is planting trees.我的发现（1）句中，不定式在句中作_.（2）句中，不定式在句中作_.（3）由句可知，不定式的被动式为_.一、动词不定式的时态和语态一、动词不定式的时态和语态语态时态主动被动一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing完成式to have doneto have been done1.不定式的一般式表示不定式的动作与谓语动词同时（几乎同时）发生或在谓语动词之后发生。I hope to see you next week.我希望下周能见到你。Id like to be told whats g

3、oing on.我希望被告知正在发生什么。2.不定式的进行式表示不定式的动作与谓语动词同时发生且正在进行。I happened to be watching TV when she called.她打电话来时，我恰巧正在看电视。3.不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。They seem to have cleaned the house.他们似乎已经打扫过这座房子了。The factory is reported to have been burnt down.据报道这家工厂已经被烧毁了。【即时演练 1】用所给词的适当形式填空(catch) a cold because of t

4、he bad weather.The student seems He seems.(think) about the question right now.(discuss) tomorrow is about the pollution.The question二、动词不定式的语法功能二、动词不定式的语法功能1.作定语作定语（1）不定式作定语，置于被修饰词之后，常表示未发生的动作。The car to be bought is for hs sister.要买的这辆车是给他姐姐的。（2）作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面需有相应

5、的介词。The Greens have a comfortable house to live in.格林一家有一座舒适的房子可以居住。（3）用来修饰被序数词、最高级或 no，all.any 等限定的中心词，且与中心词之间为逻辑上的主动关系。She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。（4）有些名词的同根词后接不定式，因而这些名词后也常接不定式作定语，常见的有promise、plan、offer、decision、 ability、warming 等。She said

6、 she had no plans to go there.她说她没有去那里的打算。【即时演练 2】（1）单句语法填空The teacher asked us_ (finish) our homework.He was the first one_(think) of the idea.The manager is the last _(come) to the meeting.（2）补全句子We need someone_。我们需要有人来帮忙做这项工作。I am looking for a room _.我正在找一个房间住。2.作状语作状语（1）不定式作状语表示目的、原因或结果。表原因、结果

7、时一般不置于句首。She reads China Daily every day to improve her English.为了提高英语，她每天都读中国日报 。Im glad to meet you.很高兴见到你。（2）不定式作结果状语表示意外的结果，常在不定式前面加上 only。I humried to the station, only to find the train had left.我匆匆赶到车站， 结果发现火车已经开走了。（3）形容词/副词十 enough+不定式结构中，不定式表示结果。The boy is old enough to go to school.那个男孩足够大

8、，可以上学了。（4）too to 结构常表示太而不能，但 too 之前如果有 only 时，则不定式表肯定。因为 only too 表示非常;很之意。He is too weak to do the work.他身体太弱，不能做这项工作。Ill be only too pleased to help them out with any questions.我非常乐意为他们答疑解惑。（5）too 后如果是 happy, glad 之类的形容词时，不定式也表示肯定意义。She was too happy to meet her friend in the street.在街上遇到她的好朋友她很高兴

9、。【即时演练 3】（1）用所给词的适当形式填空_(make)it easierto get in ouch with us, youd better keep this card at hand.David jumped high enough _(get) the first prize at the beginning of the sports.Tom kept silent about the accident so as _(not lose) his job.He is too eager _(see) you at once.（2）补全句子She is proud _the co

10、mpetition.她因参加了比赛而自豪。Sometimes, I was_, so my education suffered.有时候我身体太虚弱而不能上学，因此我的功课变差了。配套练习配套练习I.单句语法填空单句语法填空1. The kind woman is easy to get along _ and we all like her.2. Her words made me_(feel) like I was a cheat.3.Why not _(has) a talk with your father and tell him the truth?4.Im sorry_(keep

11、) you waiting here for so long a time.5.Her work is_(take)good care of these poor children.6.When summer comes, they will invite their students_(pick) the fresh vegetables.7. He would ask who we were and pretend_(not, know)us.8.He will be asked_(help) you tomorrow.9.I heard a passenger behind me sho

12、uting to the driver, but he refused_(stop)until wereached the next stop.10.After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only_(tell) that itwas being decorated.完成句子完成句子1.He told me that he_.他告诉我他没有写字用的钢笔。2._, one must first be a good person.要做一名好老师，首先要做一位好人。3._,he lay down his own life.为了救落水儿童，他付出了自己的生命。4. She does morning exercise every day _.为了保持身体健康，她每天都做早操。5.Well tell you the truth_by yourself.我们要把真实情况告诉你，以便你能自己作出判断。6.Steve hurried through the test, and was the first_.史蒂夫很快完成了测验，并且第一个交上了答卷。