（2019版）人教版选择性必修第一册英语第一单元Section Ⅲ　Using Language & Assessing Your Progress 知识点讲义 学生版+解析版.zip

Section Using Language 推断C推断的结果;结论 特别提醒 infer 变过去式、过去分词时要双写 “r”再加“ed”,即 inferred。 辨析比较infer 与 conclude 易混词区别例句 infer 由事实等推理而得 出,推断出 It is reasonable to infer that the government knew about these deals.有理由推 想政府知悉这些交易。 conclude 由事实、观察等总 结出,结束 With this, we conclude our series of articles on this subject.我们以这篇文章结 束了关于这个主题的系列文章。 经典例题 1.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)我们可以从上下文中推断这个词的含义。 We in the context. (2)我从这则消息中推断出这个事实。 I from the news. 2.单句语法填空 (1)From her reply we drew the (infer) that she had already seen the document. (2)The judge inferred the answer of the witness that he was trying (conceal) something. His (infer) turned out to be right in the end. Point2 patent 用法详解 patent n.专利,专利品,专利权 v.批准专利,获得专利 adj.有专利的,受专利保护的 He took out a patent for his new invention. 他取得了一项新发明专利。 He patented the idea that the atom could be split. 他得到了原子可以分裂的这个见解的专利权。 归纳拓展 take out a patent for 获得一项的专利 hold a patent on 拥有的专利权 apply for a patent on an invention 申请发明专利 经典例题 1.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)研究者们已经将这个过程申请为专利。 The researchers their procedure. (2)那项发明已被那所大学申请了专利。 The invention by the university. 2.单句语法填空 The government gave patent to engineer (name) Edward Claghorn so that others would not copy his (invent) of a safety device. Point3 passion 用法详解 passion n.酷爱;激情;热爱 There was also a teacher of botanical science, who introduced me to my passion for flowers. 还有一个植物学老师,他使我对花产生了极大的热情。 One should always be full of passion in his life no matter how old he is. 无论多大岁数,人应该总是在生活中充满激情。 I have a passion for Marketing and it is a promising industry nowadays. 我对销售行业很有热情,而且它现在是个前途很好的行业。 归纳拓展 have a passion for 酷爱,喜爱 have a passion to do sth.殷切希望做某事 passionate adj.热情的;怒不可遏的;热烈的 passionately adv.热情地;狂热地 经典例题 1.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)作者把读小说当作是培养学习热情的一种方法。 The author takes novel reading as a way to learning. (2)我酷爱足球,并且是校足球队的队长。 I football, and Im the captain of my school football team. 2.单句语法填空 His early experience turned him into a (passion) social reformer. Point4 come to power 用法详解 come to power(开始)掌权;上台 The party came to power at the last election. 这个政党是在上次大选中上台执政的。 归纳拓展 come to/into power 掌权;上台 (be) in power 执政;当权 in ones power 在某人的掌控中 beyond ones power 某人力所不能的 do all/everything in ones power to do sth.尽某人所能做某事 The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power. 漆黑的夜晚,风雨交加,电闪雷鸣,我完全被这种力量镇住了。 相关词汇积累: powerful adj.强大的;有影响/感染力的;有势力的 powerfully adv.强大地;有影响/感染力地;有势力地 Never before has our country been so powerful as it is today. 我们的祖国从未像今天这样强大。 Organizational culture powerfully influences a companys performance. 组织文化很有力地影响着一个公司的业绩。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)He felt himself so (power) attracted to the scientific ideal. (2)The Greeks are still (power) players in the world shipping. 2.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)他上台执政已经五年了。 It has been five years since he . (2) 我将竭尽全力帮助你了解更多剪纸艺术的知识。 Ill do everything in our power you know more knowledge of the paper-cutting art. Point5 consequence 用法详解 (1)n.C结果;后果 The consequence of a rising sea level would be widespread flooding.海平面升高的后果将是洪水泛滥。 (2)n.U(正式用语)重要性;重大(=importance) Dont worry. Its of little consequence.别担心,这并不重要。 归纳拓展 as a consequence/in consequence=as a result (正式用语)结果;因此 as a consequence/in consequence of=as a result of (正式用语)由于的缘故 She was over the age limit and, as a consequence, her application was rejected.她超龄了,结果她的申请被 拒绝了。 My father coughs frequently as a consequence of smoking. 因为吸烟,我父亲经常咳嗽。 相关词汇积累: consequent adj.随之发生的,作为结果的 consequently adv.结果;因此;所以 经典例题 1.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)价格上涨是由农作物歉收引起的。 The rise in price upon the failure of the crops. (2)他从哪里来对我来说不重要。 Where he is from to me. 2.单句语法填空 (1)This caused a threat to agriculture and the food chain, and (consequent) to human health. (2)Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious (consequent). Point6 flee 用法详解 v.(fled, fled, fleeing) 逃离;逃避; 消散 He killed his enemy and fled his native village. 他杀死了仇人,逃离了家乡。 The smile fled from her face.她脸上的笑容消失了。 We were forced to flee to the country.我们被迫逃往国外。 How could one flee from the tide and times? 可是谁能跳得出潮流和时代的篱藩? 归纳拓展 flee to 逃往;逃至 flee (away) from 逃离;逃避 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)The Red Cross set up a camp for refugees (flee) from the war. (2)He (flee) to London after an argument with his family. (3)Its very difficult for scientists to explain exactly what causes animal (flee) or panic before an earthquake. Point7 take up a position 用法详解 take up 是一个常用词组,意思很丰富。常见意思: (1)接受(建议或能得到的东西) In order to get the job, I have to take up his suggestion.为了得到这份工作,我只好接受他的建议。 (2)拿起 He takes up a pen and writes down his name.他拿起钢笔写下自己的名字。 (3)开始从事;学着做,开始做 I took up teaching after graduation from university.我大学毕业后开始从事教学工作。 (4)继续(他人未完成的事),接着讲(以前提过的事) She took up the story where Tom had left off.她接着讲汤姆未讲完的故事。 (5)占用(时间),占据(空间) Writing the paper took up most of the weekend.写那篇论文占用了周末的大部分时间。 语境串记 Since Jack took up the work as an editor,he has taken up editing articles,which takes up most of his spare time. Though his wife has always complained about it,he still continues his work.自从杰克接受了那份做编 辑的工作以来,他就学着编辑文章,这占用了他的大部分业余时间。尽管他的妻子一直对此抱怨,但他 仍然继续他的工作。 经典例题 判断下列句子中 take up 的含义 (1)Important people dont often have much free time as their work almost takes up all their time. (2)After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane took up her job as a doctor in the countryside. (3)She took up the receiver and began to dial the number. (4)Although I had said many times, he didnt take up my advice. Point8 encounter 用法详解 (1)vt.偶然碰到;遇到 They encountered serious problems when two members of the expedition were injured. 远征队遇到了严重的问题, 两名队员受伤。 If I have encountered that kind of situation, I think I would like to behave as John. 假如我遇到那样的情况,我认为我也会像约翰那样做的。 (2)n.邂逅;遭遇 He had a close encounter with a bear in the woods. 他在森林中近距离地遇到了熊。 归纳拓展 encounter正式用语(意外)遭遇,做动词时为及物动词,直接接宾语,与 run into, come across, meet with 同 义。encounter 做名词时与介词 with 搭配。 encounter the enemy/an encounter with the enemy 遭遇敌人 close encounter 近距离接触;险遇 经典例题 1.根据汉语意思完成句子 当我遇到曾经恨过的人时,我会笑着跟他打招呼,因为他使我更强大。(encounter) When I someone I hated, I used to smile and say hello to him, because . 2.翻译句子 (1)Before she had gone very far, she encountered a flower-selling girl. _ (2)As a student, I want to use my creativity to explore possible solutions to problems I encounter. _ Point9 pass away 用法详解 pass away 去世(委婉说法);消失 He unfortunately passed away last year.他不幸于去年去世了。 This is a nightmare,which will pass away with the morning. 这是个噩梦,它会随着清晨的到来而消散。 归纳拓展 pass as 被以为是,被当作 pass by (sb./sth.)经过(某人/某物) pass sth. down (from sb.) to sb.把某物(从某人那里)传给某人;把某物往下传 pass sb./sth. off as把某人/某物冒充为;假称某人/某物是 passon 把传给;把(尤指疾病)遗传给;把(费用)转嫁给 pass out 昏过去;晕倒;失去知觉 经典例题 选词填空:pass as/pass by/pass out/pass down/pass on/passoff as (1)Will you the supermarket on your way home? (2)The tradition has from father to son for generations. (3)Any increase in our costs will have to to the consumer. (4)I nearly when I saw all the blood. (5)His French is so good that he can a French man. (6)They bought up pieces of old furniture and them valuable antiques. Point10 sum 用法详解 (1)n.算术;常用单数总数;总和;全部;金额 Do a sum in ones head.心算。 The sum of two and two is four. 2 加 2 的总和是 4。 That is the sum of our experience. 那就是我们全部的经验。 a large/small sum of money 一大笔钱/少量的钱 (2)v.sum up 总结;概括 His speech summed up the present situation of economy. 他的演讲概述了目前的经济形势。 To sum up, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking. 总之,要想心脏健康,你必须经常运动并戒烟。 归纳拓展 to sum up/in sum 总之; 概括地说 “总之”的表达法还有:in a word, in short, in brief, in conclusion, all in all 经典例题 根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)总之,开口说话之前应该先思考,即使这就意味着必须决定要说实话还是要说谎。 ,one should think before speaking, even when it means deciding between the truth and a lie. (2)正如他在来信中所总结的那样:那真是他有生以来最糟糕的假期了。 It was, in his note, the worst vacation ever. (3)然而,对于很多求职者来说,要在 140 字以内总结个人全部的履历实在是一个挑战。 However, an entire career in just 140 characters is a challenge for many job hunters. Section Using Language 推断C推断的结果;结论 特别提醒 infer 变过去式、过去分词时要双写 “r”再加“ed”,即 inferred。 辨析比较infer 与 conclude 易混词区别例句 infer 由事实等推理而得 出,推断出 It is reasonable to infer that the government knew about these deals.有理由推 想政府知悉这些交易。 conclude 由事实、观察等总 结出,结束 With this, we conclude our series of articles on this subject.我们以这篇文章结 束了关于这个主题的系列文章。 经典例题 1.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)我们可以从上下文中推断这个词的含义。 We in the context. (2)我从这则消息中推断出这个事实。 I from the news. 2.单句语法填空 (1)From her reply we drew the (infer) that she had already seen the document. (2)The judge inferred the answer of the witness that he was trying (conceal) something. His (infer) turned out to be right in the end. 参考答案 1.(1)can infer the meaning of the word (2)inferred the fact谓语动词用过去式。 2.(1)inference定冠词后用名词形式。 (2)from;to conceal;inference句意:法官从证人的回答中推断出他想掩盖一些东西。他的推断后来证 明是对的。try to do sth.设法做某事。 Point2 patent 用法详解 patent n.专利,专利品,专利权 v.批准专利,获得专利 adj.有专利的,受专利保护的 He took out a patent for his new invention. 他取得了一项新发明专利。 He patented the idea that the atom could be split. 他得到了原子可以分裂的这个见解的专利权。 归纳拓展 take out a patent for 获得一项的专利 hold a patent on 拥有的专利权 apply for a patent on an invention 申请发明专利 经典例题 1.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)研究者们已经将这个过程申请为专利。 The researchers their procedure. (2)那项发明已被那所大学申请了专利。 The invention by the university. 2.单句语法填空 The government gave patent to engineer (name) Edward Claghorn so that others would not copy his (invent) of a safety device. 参考答案 1.(1) have applied for a patent on (2) has been patented 2.a; named; invention Point3 passion 用法详解 passion n.酷爱;激情;热爱 There was also a teacher of botanical science, who introduced me to my passion for flowers. 还有一个植物学老师,他使我对花产生了极大的热情。 One should always be full of passion in his life no matter how old he is. 无论多大岁数,人应该总是在生活中充满激情。 I have a passion for Marketing and it is a promising industry nowadays. 我对销售行业很有热情,而且它现在是个前途很好的行业。 归纳拓展 have a passion for 酷爱,喜爱 have a passion to do sth.殷切希望做某事 passionate adj.热情的;怒不可遏的;热烈的 passionately adv.热情地;狂热地 经典例题 1.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)作者把读小说当作是培养学习热情的一种方法。 The author takes novel reading as a way to learning. (2)我酷爱足球,并且是校足球队的队长。 I football, and Im the captain of my school football team. 2.单句语法填空 His early experience turned him into a (passion) social reformer. 参考答案 1.(1) develop a passion for (2) have a passion for 2.passionate句意:他早年的经历使他变成了一个狂热的社会改革者。句中需用形容词做定语,修饰后 面的名词 reformer。 Point4 come to power 用法详解 come to power(开始)掌权;上台 The party came to power at the last election. 这个政党是在上次大选中上台执政的。 归纳拓展 come to/into power 掌权;上台 (be) in power 执政;当权 in ones power 在某人的掌控中 beyond ones power 某人力所不能的 do all/everything in ones power to do sth.尽某人所能做某事 The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power. 漆黑的夜晚,风雨交加,电闪雷鸣,我完全被这种力量镇住了。 相关词汇积累: powerful adj.强大的;有影响/感染力的;有势力的 powerfully adv.强大地;有影响/感染力地;有势力地 Never before has our country been so powerful as it is today. 我们的祖国从未像今天这样强大。 Organizational culture powerfully influences a companys performance. 组织文化很有力地影响着一个公司的业绩。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)He felt himself so (power) attracted to the scientific ideal. (2)The Greeks are still (power) players in the world shipping. 2.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)他上台执政已经五年了。 It has been five years since he . (2) 我将竭尽全力帮助你了解更多剪纸艺术的知识。 Ill do everything in our power you know more knowledge of the paper-cutting art. 参考答案 1.(1) powerfully 句意:他感到自己被这一科学理想十分强烈地吸引住了。设空处修饰动词 attract,故 用副词形式。 (2) powerful句意:希腊人依然是世界航运业强有力的竞争者。形容词修饰名词 players。 2.(1)came to/into power(2) to help Point5 consequence 用法详解 (1)n.C结果;后果 The consequence of a rising sea level would be widespread flooding.海平面升高的后果将是洪水泛滥。 (2)n.U(正式用语)重要性;重大(=importance) Dont worry. Its of little consequence.别担心,这并不重要。 归纳拓展 as a consequence/in consequence=as a result (正式用语)结果;因此 as a consequence/in consequence of=as a result of (正式用语)由于的缘故 She was over the age limit and, as a consequence, her application was rejected.她超龄了,结果她的申请被 拒绝了。 My father coughs frequently as a consequence of smoking. 因为吸烟,我父亲经常咳嗽。 相关词汇积累: consequent adj.随之发生的,作为结果的 consequently adv.结果;因此;所以 经典例题 1.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)价格上涨是由农作物歉收引起的。 The rise in price upon the failure of the crops. (2)他从哪里来对我来说不重要。 Where he is from to me. 2.单句语法填空 (1)This caused a threat to agriculture and the food chain, and (consequent) to human health. (2)Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious (consequent). 参考答案 1.(1) is consequentbe consequent upon 由引起的,随发生的。 (2)is of no consequence 2.(1)consequently句意:这对农业和食物链造成了威胁,由此而危及了人类的健康。 (2)consequences句意:由粗心大意造成的错误有可能带来严重的后果。 Point6 flee 用法详解 v.(fled, fled, fleeing) 逃离;逃避; 消散 He killed his enemy and fled his native village. 他杀死了仇人,逃离了家乡。 The smile fled from her face.她脸上的笑容消失了。 We were forced to flee to the country.我们被迫逃往国外。 How could one flee from the tide and times? 可是谁能跳得出潮流和时代的篱藩? 归纳拓展 flee to 逃往;逃至 flee (away) from 逃离;逃避 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)The Red Cross set up a camp for refugees (flee) from the war. (2)He (flee) to London after an argument with his family. (3)Its very difficult for scientists to explain exactly what causes animal (flee) or panic before an earthquake. 参考答案 (1)fleeing句意:红十字会为逃避战争的难民设立了一个营地。flee 与所修饰的名词 refugees 是主动 关系,用现在分词做定语。 (2)fled(3)to flee Point7 take up a position 用法详解 take up 是一个常用词组,意思很丰富。常见意思: (1)接受(建议或能得到的东西) In order to get the job, I have to take up his suggestion.为了得到这份工作,我只好接受他的建议。 (2)拿起 He takes up a pen and writes down his name.他拿起钢笔写下自己的名字。 (3)开始从事;学着做,开始做 I took up teaching after graduation from university.我大学毕业后开始从事教学工作。 (4)继续(他人未完成的事),接着讲(以前提过的事) She took up the story where Tom had left off.她接着讲汤姆未讲完的故事。 (5)占用(时间),占据(空间) Writing the paper took up most of the weekend.写那篇论文占用了周末的大部分时间。 语境串记 Since Jack took up the work as an editor,he has taken up editing articles,which takes up most of his spare time. Though his wife has always complained about it,he still continues his work.自从杰克接受了那份做编 辑的工作以来,他就学着编辑文章,这占用了他的大部分业余时间。尽管他的妻子一直对此抱怨,但他 仍然继续他的工作。 经典例题 判断下列句子中 take up 的含义 (1)Important people dont often have much free time as their work almost takes up all their time. (2)After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane took up her job as a doctor in the countryside. (3)She took up the receiver and began to dial the number. (4)Although I had said many times, he didnt take up my advice. 参考答案 (1)占用(时间)句意:重要人士经常没多少空闲时间,因为工作几乎占用了他们所有的时间。 (2)开始从事句意:简在一所医学院学习了五年之后,开始在乡村做一名医生。 (3)拿起句意:她拿起听筒开始拨这个号码。 (4)接受句意:虽然我已经说了很多次,但他还是不接受我的建议。 Point8 encounter 用法详解 (1)vt.偶然碰到;遇到 They encountered serious problems when two members of the expedition were injured. 远征队遇到了严重的问题, 两名队员受伤。 If I have encountered that kind of situation, I think I would like to behave as John. 假如我遇到那样的情况,我认为我也会像约翰那样做的。 (2)n.邂逅;遭遇 He had a close encounter with a bear in the woods. 他在森林中近距离地遇到了熊。 归纳拓展 encounter正式用语(意外)遭遇,做动词时为及物动词,直接接宾语,与 run into, come across, meet with 同 义。encounter 做名词时与介词 with 搭配。 encounter the enemy/an encounter with the enemy 遭遇敌人 close encounter 近距离接触;险遇 经典例题 1.根据汉语意思完成句子 当我遇到曾经恨过的人时,我会笑着跟他打招呼,因为他使我更强大。(encounter) When I someone I hated, I used to smile and say hello to him, because . 2.翻译句子 (1)Before she had gone very far, she encountered a flower-selling girl. _ (2)As a student, I want to use my creativity to explore possible solutions to problems I encounter. _ 参考答案 1.encountered; he made me stronger 2.(1)她没走多远,就遇见了一个卖花的女孩儿。 (2)作为一名学生,我想用我的创造力对我遇到的问题探索可能的解决方案。 Point9 pass away 用法详解 pass away 去世(委婉