（2019版）人教版选择性必修第一册英语第五单元Section Ⅲ　Using Language & Assessing Your Progress知识点讲义学生版+解析版.zip

Section Using Language 缓解 常见搭配:alleviate the problem/situation/suffering 减轻/缓解问题/状况/痛苦 A number of measures were taken to alleviate the problem.采取了一系列措施缓解这个问题。 Our proposed approach would help to alleviate this problem.我们建议的方法将有助于缓解这一问题。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Nowadays, a great deal can be done (alleviate) back pain. (2)It is a common problem that can (alleviate) and cured if you act quickly. Point2 in turn 用法详解 in turn 可做状语, 常位于句中或句末。其含义有以下两种: (1)转而,相应地 Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.理论来源于实践,反过来又服务于实践。 (2)轮流,依次,逐个 The children called out their names in turn.孩子们逐一自报姓名。 辨析比较in turn,in return 与 in return for 易混词组区别 in turn 意为“相应地,转而”;意为“依次,轮流,逐个”。 Increased production will, in turn, lead to increased profits.增加生产会继而增加利润。 The children got on the bus in turn.孩子们依次上了公共汽车。 in return 意为“作为回报”,可单独使用。 Tom helped me a lot.In return, I invited him to dinner.汤姆帮了我许多,作为回报,我请他吃晚饭。 续表 易混词组区别 in return for 意为“作为对的回报”,相当于 in reward for。 I invited Tom to dinner in return for his help.为了回报汤姆的帮助,我请他吃了晚饭。 经典例题 用 in turn, in return 和 in return for 填空 (1)The students answered the teachers questions . (2)Tom would like to do something for his parents everything theyve done for him. (3)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything . (4)A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics,which will promote its economic development. Point3 digest 用法详解 vt. those are the two alternatives.你的工资可以按周以 现金支取,或按月以支票支取。二者可选其一。 We had no alternative but to fire Gibson.我们别无选择只能辞退吉布森。 归纳拓展 have no choice but to do sth.别无选择只能做某事 have nothing to do but do sth.只能做某事 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)I have given the matter much thought, examining all the possible (alternative). (2)This is one of those things we have no alternative but (do). (3)When winter comes, cold-blooded animals have no choice but (lie) down and sleep. (4) I have nothing (deal) with but read the newspaper. Point5 diverse 用法详解 diverse adj.不同的 My interests are very diverse.我的兴趣非常广泛。 归纳拓展 diversity n.(1)差异(性);不同(点) the biological diversity of the rainforests 热带雨林的生物多样性 (2)多样性;多样化 There is a need for greater diversity and choice in education.教育方面需要更加多元化和更大的选择性。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Few countries have as rich a (diverse) of habitat as South Africa. (2)The word is now used in a sense (diversity) from the original meaning. Point6 depth 用法详解 depth n.深(度);最深处 Many dolphins can dive to depths of 200 metres.许多海豚可潜到 200 米深。 She was in the depths of despair.她处于绝望的深渊。 归纳拓展 (1)deep adj.深的 deep water/snow 深水/厚雪 极度的;严重的 Hes in deep trouble.他陷入极度困境之中。 (2)deeply adv.深深地;在深处 The miners were trapped deep underground.矿工被困在地下深处。 They were deeply disturbed by the accident.这个事故使他们深感不安。 常见搭配:breathe/sigh deeply 深呼吸/深深叹息 sleep deeply 酣睡 think deeply 沉思 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Only by fully experiencing the (deep) of our pain can we be healed from it and be done with it. (2)It has touched me (deep) to see how these people live. Point7 root 用法详解 root n. (1)根;根茎 Tree roots can cause damage to buildings.树根会给大楼造成损害。 (2)根源;起因 Money, or love of money, is said to be the root of all evil.有人说钱或爱钱是万恶的根源。 (3)起源 Flamenco has its roots in Arabic music.弗拉明科起源于阿拉伯音乐。 v. 生根;翻寻 常见搭配:翻寻某物 / . . She rooted through the bag, found what she wanted, and headed toward the door.她在包里翻了一阵,找到了 想要的东西,然后朝门口走去。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Poverty has many (root), but top one is ignorance. (2)“It must be here somewhere, ”she said, (root) through the suitcase. (3)It is a dream deeply (root) in American dream. (4)While it will be weeks before investigators root all the documents and details, many names will stick out. Point8 keepfrom 用法详解 keepfrom (1)keep from sth./keep oneself from sth.忍住不做某事 She could hardly keep from laughing.她差一点儿笑了出来。 (2)keep sb.from sth.阻止某人做某事 I hope Im not keeping you from your work.我希望我没有妨碍你工作。 (3)keep sth.from sb.瞒着某人 I think we ought to keep the truth from him until hes better.我想我们应该等他身体好点再告诉他实情。 归纳拓展 类似词组: prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 He is prevented by law from holding a licence.法律不准他持有执照。 stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 You cant stop people from saying what they think.人们怎么想就会怎么说,你阻止不了。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)I horse around quite a lot, just to keep from (get) bored. (2)If he can keep smoking for a month or two his health will improve. (3)Put on rain boots when washing floor, to prevent from (slip) down. (4)You cant stop her from (laugh) at by others because of her foolish behaviour. Point9 come up with 用法详解 come up with 想出,提出(计划,方法等) Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.有几位成员提出了自己的建议。 She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.她提出了增加销售额的一个新招儿。 归纳拓展 come 的其他短语: 特别提醒特别提醒 come up 作“被提出,被谈到”讲时为不及物动词短语,不能用于被动语态;come up with 意为“提出”, 其主 语为该动作的发出者,宾语为表示建议、计划、方案等的名词。 A new idea came up in the discussion.一个新想法在这次讨论中被提了出来。 She came up with a new idea in the discussion.她在这次讨论中提出了一个新想法。 经典例题 1.单句改错 He came up the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland. _ 2.用 come 的相关短语填空 (1)I a group of children playing yesterday. (2)Jeanes name has a lot in the meeting. (3)I hope you can a better plan than this. (4)How does it that you didnt report this to us in good time? (5)All our dreams can , if we have the courage to pursue them. (6)I opened my mouth to say something, but nothing would , so I nodded. Section Using Language 缓解 常见搭配:alleviate the problem/situation/suffering 减轻/缓解问题/状况/痛苦 A number of measures were taken to alleviate the problem.采取了一系列措施缓解这个问题。 Our proposed approach would help to alleviate this problem.我们建议的方法将有助于缓解这一问题。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Nowadays, a great deal can be done (alleviate) back pain. (2)It is a common problem that can (alleviate) and cured if you act quickly. 参考答案 (1)to alleviate (2)be alleviated Point2 in turn 用法详解 in turn 可做状语, 常位于句中或句末。其含义有以下两种: (1)转而,相应地 Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.理论来源于实践,反过来又服务于实践。 (2)轮流,依次,逐个 The children called out their names in turn.孩子们逐一自报姓名。 辨析比较in turn,in return 与 in return for 易混词组区别 in turn 意为“相应地,转而”;意为“依次,轮流,逐个”。 Increased production will, in turn, lead to increased profits.增加生产会继而增加利润。 The children got on the bus in turn.孩子们依次上了公共汽车。 in return 意为“作为回报”,可单独使用。 Tom helped me a lot.In return, I invited him to dinner.汤姆帮了我许多,作为回报,我请他吃晚饭。 续表 易混词组区别 in return for 意为“作为对的回报”,相当于 in reward for。 I invited Tom to dinner in return for his help.为了回报汤姆的帮助,我请他吃了晚饭。 经典例题 用 in turn, in return 和 in return for 填空 (1)The students answered the teachers questions . (2)Tom would like to do something for his parents everything theyve done for him. (3)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything . (4)A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics,which will promote its economic development. 参考答案 (1)in turn句意:学生们依次回答老师的问题。 (2)in return for句意:汤姆想为父母做点什么来回报他们为他所做的一切。 (3)in return句意:在村子里待着的时候,詹姆斯无私地跟村民们分享他拥有的一切,不求任何回报。 (4)in turn句意:清洁的环境有助于这座城市申办奥运会,相应地,这将会促进它的经济发展。 Point3 digest 用法详解 vt. those are the two alternatives.你的工资可以按周以 现金支取,或按月以支票支取。二者可选其一。 We had no alternative but to fire Gibson.我们别无选择只能辞退吉布森。 归纳拓展 have no choice but to do sth.别无选择只能做某事 have nothing to do but do sth.只能做某事 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)I have given the matter much thought, examining all the possible (alternative). (2)This is one of those things we have no alternative but (do). (3)When winter comes, cold-blooded animals have no choice but (lie) down and sleep. (4) I have nothing (deal) with but read the newspaper. 参考答案 (1)alternatives(2)to do(3)to lie (4)to deal Point5 diverse 用法详解 diverse adj.不同的 My interests are very diverse.我的兴趣非常广泛。 归纳拓展 diversity n.(1)差异(性);不同(点) the biological diversity of the rainforests 热带雨林的生物多样性 (2)多样性;多样化 There is a need for greater diversity and choice in education.教育方面需要更加多元化和更大的选择性。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Few countries have as rich a (diverse) of habitat as South Africa. (2)The word is now used in a sense (diversity) from the original meaning. 参考答案 (1)diversity句意:几乎没有哪个国家像南非那样拥有如此丰富的多样化的动植物栖息地。分析句子 结构可知此处应用名词。 (2)diverse句意:在某种意义上,此词现在的含义与最初的含义完全不同。分析句子结构可知此处应用 形容词。 Point6 depth 用法详解 depth n.深(度);最深处 Many dolphins can dive to depths of 200 metres.许多海豚可潜到 200 米深。 She was in the depths of despair.她处于绝望的深渊。 归纳拓展 (1)deep adj.深的 deep water/snow 深水/厚雪 极度的;严重的 Hes in deep trouble.他陷入极度困境之中。 (2)deeply adv.深深地;在深处 The miners were trapped deep underground.矿工被困在地下深处。 They were deeply disturbed by the accident.这个事故使他们深感不安。 常见搭配:breathe/sigh deeply 深呼吸/深深叹息 sleep deeply 酣睡 think deeply 沉思 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Only by fully experiencing the (deep) of our pain can we be healed from it and be done with it. (2)It has touched me (deep) to see how these people live. 参考答案 (1)depth句意:只有充分感受了深切的痛苦,我们才能从中走出,并将它抛诸脑后。分析句子结构可知 此处应用名词。 (2)deeply句意:看到这些人的生活情况,我深受触动。根据句意,此处表示“强烈地”,故用 deeply。 Point7 root 用法详解 root n. (1)根;根茎 Tree roots can cause damage to buildings.树根会给大楼造成损害。 (2)根源;起因 Money, or love of money, is said to be the root of all evil.有人说钱或爱钱是万恶的根源。 (3)起源 Flamenco has its roots in Arabic music.弗拉明科起源于阿拉伯音乐。 v. 生根;翻寻 常见搭配:翻寻某物 / . . She rooted through the bag, found what she wanted, and headed toward the door.她在包里翻了一阵,找到了 想要的东西,然后朝门口走去。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Poverty has many (root), but top one is ignorance. (2)“It must be here somewhere, ”she said, (root) through the suitcase. (3)It is a dream deeply (root) in American dream. (4)While it will be weeks before investigators root all the documents and details, many names will stick out. 参考答案 (1)roots(2)rooting(3)rooted (4)through Point8 keepfrom 用法详解 keepfrom (1)keep from sth./keep oneself from sth.忍住不做某事 She could hardly keep from laughing.她差一点儿笑了出来。 (2)keep sb.from sth.阻止某人做某事 I hope Im not keeping you from your work.我希望我没有妨碍你工作。 (3)keep sth.from sb.瞒着某人 I think we ought to keep the truth from him until hes better.我想我们应该等他身体好点再告诉他实情。 归纳拓展 类似词组: prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 He is prevented by law from holding a licence.法律不准他持有执照。 stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 You cant stop people from saying what they think.人们怎么想就会怎么说,你阻止不了。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)I horse around quite a lot, just to keep from (get) bored. (2)If he can keep smoking for a month or two his health will improve. (3)Put on rain boots when washing floor, to prevent from (slip) down. (4)You cant stop her from (laugh) at by others because of her foolish behaviour. 参考答案 (1)getting句意:我胡闹了一阵儿,只是为了摆脱无聊。介词 from 后应用现在分词。 (2)from句意:他要是能一两个月不抽烟的话,他的健康一定会有起色。 (3)slipping句意:清洗地面时穿上雨鞋以防滑倒。介词 from 后应用现在分词。 (4)being laughed句意:你不能阻止她被他人嘲笑,因为她愚蠢的行为。介词 from 后应用现在分词,根 据句意可知应用被动语态。 Point9 come up with 用法详解 come up with 想出,提出(计划,方法等) Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.有几位成员提出了自己的建议。 She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.她提出了增加销售额的一个新招儿。 归纳拓展 come 的其他短语: 特别提醒特别提醒 come up 作“被提出,被谈到”讲时为不及物动词短语,不能用于被动语态;come up with 意为“提出”, 其主 语为该动作的发出者,宾语为表示建议、计划、方案等的名词。 A new idea came up in the discussion.一个新想法在这次讨论中被提了出来。 She came up with a new idea in the discussion.她在这次讨论中提出了一个新想法。 经典例题 1.单句改错 He came up the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland. _ 2.用 come 的相关短语填空 (1)I a group of children playing yesterday. (2)Jeanes name has a lot in the meeting. (3)I hope you can a better plan than this. (4)How does it that you didnt report this to us in good time? (5)All our dreams can , if we have the courage to pursue them. (6)I opened my mouth to say something, but nothing would , so I nodded. 参考答案 1.up 后加 with 2.(1)came across(2)come up (3)come up with(4)come about (5)come true(6)come out