(2019版)人教版选择性必修第一册英语Unit5 Part1 Reading and Thinking(课前预习)(含答案).docx
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1、1 Unit5 Part1 课前预习课前预习 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND Part 1 Reading and Thinking 【原文】【原文】 APIONEERFORALLPEOPLE Yuan Longping,known as the“fatherof hybrid rice”,is one of Chinas most famous scientists.Yet, he considers himself a farmer because he continually works the land in his research. Indeed,his slim
2、but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,to whom he has devotedhis life. Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing. His parents wanted him to pursue a careerin science or medicine. However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even ha
3、d a serious shortage of food to eat .To tackle this crisis,he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. After graduating in 1953,he worked as a researcher Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution. Instead,farmers neede
4、d to boost yields in the fields they had. How this could be done was a challenging question at the time. Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.Ahybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species. One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually
5、attaina higher yield than conventionalcrops. However,whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. The common assumption then was that it could not be done. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to de
6、velop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly. Today,it is estimatedthat about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains,and his strains have allowed Chin
7、as farmers to produce around 200 million tonnes of rice per year.Yuans innovation has helped feed not just China,but many other countries that depend on rice as well,such as India and Vietnam Because of his in valuable contributions,Yuan Longping has received numerous awards both in 2 China and abro
8、ad. What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams. Long ago,he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum,with each ear of rice as big as a broom, and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut. He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more pe
9、ople at home and abroad.His latest vision for “seawater rice” has also become a reality,and potentially opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production. Despite his advanced years,Yuan Longping is still young at heart and full of vision,and everyone is waiti
10、ng to see what he will dream upnext. 全民先锋全民先锋 袁隆平,被誉为“杂交(hybrid)水稻之父”,是中国最著名的科学家之一。然而,他认 为自己是一个农民,因为他不断地在土地上从事他的研究工作。事实上,他瘦削但结实的身 躯看起来和他为之奉献(devote to)了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。 袁隆平 1930 年出生于北京。他的父母希望他从事科学或医学方面的事业。然而,最让 他担心的是,农民经常歉收,有时甚至严重缺乏(shortage)食物。为了应对(tackle)这个 危机(crisis) ,他选择了学习农业,并在重庆的西南农学院接受教育。 1953
11、 年毕业后,他从事研究工作。袁隆平意识到,更多的耕地并不是解决问题的办法, 相反,农民需要增加(boost)他们现有土地上农作物的产量(yield) 。如何做到这一点在当 时是一个具有挑战性的问题。袁隆平确信(convince) ,答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。 杂交植物是一个物种的两个或多个变种之间的杂交。杂交作物的一个特点(characteristic) 是它们的产量通常比常规(conventional)作物高(attain 获得) 。然而,是否有可能培育出 水稻等自花授粉(pollinate)植物的杂交种,这是一个很大的争论问题。当时的普遍假设 (assumption)是这是做不到的。
12、通过不懈的(intense)努力,袁隆平克服(overcome)了 巨大的技术困难,于 1974 年研制出了第一批可用于农业生产的杂交水稻。这种杂交植物使 农民能够大幅度增加(expand)他们的水稻产置(output) 。 据估计(estimate) ,中国国内(domestic)约 60%的大米消费(con-sumption)是由袁隆 平的杂交水稻品种(strain)生产(generate)的水稻组成(be comprised of)的,他的杂交水 稻品种让中国农民每年能够生产出大约 2 亿吨大米。 袁隆平的创新不仅帮助养活了中国, 也 养活了许多其他依赖大米的国家,如印度和越南。因为他做
13、出了不可估童的贡献,袁隆平在 国内外获得了无数奖项。 考虑到杂交水稻已经使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适(leisure) 3 的生活。然而,事实远非如此。袁隆平在内心深处(deepdown)依然是农民。作为一个 土(soil)生土长的人,他不太在乎名声(celebrity)和金钱。相反,他大量捐款支持农业研 究。 袁隆平最让人印象深刻的是他不断实现梦想的能力。很久以前,他设想(envision)了 一种像高粱(sorghum)样高的水稻,每一穂米都像扫帚(broom)一样大,每一粒(grain) 米都像花生一样大。他成功地生产出一种可以养活更多国内外人民的大米。他对“海水稻
14、“的 最新设想 (vision) 也已成为现实 (reality) , 并可能在中国开辟近 100 万平方千米的盐碱 (salty) 地,用于水稻生产。尽管年事已高,袁隆平的内心仍然年轻,充满憧憬,每个人都在等着看 他下一步的梦想。 基础过关练基础过关练 、单词拼写、单词拼写 1. His dream finally became a _(事实) (根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】reality 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意:他的梦想变成了事实。根据空前的不定冠词 a 可知,空 处应填一个名词,结合汉语提示可知 reality 符合题意,故填 reality。 2. She has to _
15、(克服) great difficulties to make a life in a new city. (根据汉语意思 填空) 【答案】overcome 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意:她必须克服巨大的困难才能在一个新的城市谋生。根据 句意及汉语提示可知, 此处使用动词 overcome, has to 后用动词原形。 故填 overcome。 3. Valentino is keen to see _ (名人) parading his clothes on big occasions. (根据汉 语意思填空) 【答案】celebrities 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意:Vale
16、ntino 喜欢看名人在重大场合展示他的服装。空处应 填一个名词作 see 的宾语,结合汉语提示可知,celebrity 符合题意,celebrity 是可数 名词,空前无限定词,应使用复数形式。故填 celebrities。 4. He worked very hard to a_ his goal. (根据首字母填空) 4 【答案】attain 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意:他工作非常努力以实现他的目标。空处应填一个动词, 结合句意和首字母提示可知,attain 符合题意,意为“实现,达到”,空前 to 是不定 式符号,空处应填动词原形,故填 attain。 5. The c_ way
17、 of farming has been challenged by modern technology. (根据首字母 填空) 【答案】conventional 【解析】 【详解】 考查形容词。 句意: 传统的耕作方式受到了现代技术的挑战。 根据“has been challenged by modern technology”可知,此处表示“传统的、惯例的”。故填 conventional。 6. Solar energy has been used to g_ electricity in some countries.(根据首字母填空) 【答案】generate 【解析】 【详解】考查
18、动词。句意:在一些国家太阳能已经被用来发电。结合句意和首字母 提示可知,动词 generate 符合题意,意为“产生”,空前的 to 是不定式符号,应使 用动词原形。故填 generate。 7. He will read for pleasure during the l_ time. (根据首字母填空) 【答案】leisure 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意:他会在闲暇时间看书消遣。根据“for pleasure”可知, 此处表示“闲暇时间”,leisure time 表示“闲暇时间”。故填 leisure。 8. Organic farmers turned to natural me
19、ans to b_ crop yield. (根据首字母填空) 【答案】boost 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意:种植有机作物的农民转向天然手段来提高庄稼产量。空 处应填一个动词,结合句意和首字母提示可知 boost 符合题意,意为“提高”,空前的 to 是不定式符号,空处应填动词原形,故填 boost。 9. Many people are out of work due to the economic c_. (根据首字母填空) 5 【答案】crisis 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意:由于经济危机,许多人失业,根据句意及首字母提示可 知,此处使用名词 crisis。故填 crisi
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