（2019版）人教版选择性必修第一册英语Unit3 Part1 Reading and Thinking（知识讲解）（含答案）.docx

1、1 Unit3 Part1 知识讲解知识讲解 Unit 3 FASCINATING PARKS Part 1 Reading and Thinking 【知识清单】【知识清单】 教材原句 I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge.我离开张鹏，走到山边。 1 edge n.边；边缘；边线；刀刃 vt. on the move; cottage; visible; accompany; bless。 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文 29 意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：

2、There are a lot of wild animals in the vast territory,some of which are on the move. 中 which 引导 非限制性定语从句。 语法填空语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Grand Canyon National Park has more than six million visitors every year. Tourism brings much-needed money toAmerican Indians in the Grand Canyon area

3、. To the east of the national park_83_(lie )the Navajo Nation. The Navajo and other tribes view the place_84_two rivers meet there as sacred.Developers asked the Navajo for_85_(permit)to build a tramway, hotels, and restaurants in the area. The issue divided the Navajo community. Some people wanted

4、the economic benefits. Others saw the plan as_86_(damage ) to their culture, and_87_(concern) about its environmental effect. In February 2018, the Navajo voted to refuse the plan. Sarana Riggs is a member of the Navajo Nation and the Grand Canyon Trust, a group that works_88_(preserve) the region.

5、“There is always a need for_89_(economy)development, ”she says.“The question is:How can the Navajo tap into tourism_90_a sustainable way?”“The millions of tourists who come to Grand Canyon National Park each year are bound to have_91_effect,”says Cobb. But she believes those visitors will appreciate

6、 the parks history and beauty, and_92_(inspire ) to protect it. “People who visit national parks love them,” she says. 【答案】83. lies 84. where85. permission 86. damaging 87. were concerned 88. to preserve 89. economic 90. in91. an 92. be inspired 【解析】 30 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了有人想开发大峡谷国家公园的周边地区，但遭 到了当地人的反对，

7、他们希望能保护这片神圣的土地。 【83 题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：国家公园的东面是纳霍部落。陈述的是客观事实，用 一般现在时，此处用的是倒装结构，根据“the Navajo Nation”可知谓语动词用第三 人称单数形式，故填 lies。 【84 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：纳霍人和其他部落将两条河流的交汇处视为神圣之地。此处 为定语从句，关系词指代先行词 place 并在从句中作地点状语，故填 where。 【85 题详解】 考查名词。句意：开发商向纳瓦霍人申请在该地区修建电车、酒店和餐厅的许可。 作介词 for 的宾语用名词，表示抽象意义，不可数，故填 permission。

8、【86 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一些人认为该计划破坏了他们的文化，并担心其对环境 的影响。介词 as 后接动名词作宾语，故填 damaging。 【87 题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意同上，be concerned about 表示“关心”，前面的“saw” 表明用一般过去时，主语是 Others，谓语动词用复数，故填 were concerned。 【88 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：萨拉纳里格斯是纳霍族和大峡谷信托组织的成员，该组 织致力于保护该地区。根据句意可知此处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填 to preserve。 【89 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“经济发

9、展总是主要的”，她说。修饰名词 development 用形 容词，故填 economic。 【90 题详解】 考查介词。句意：“问题是：纳霍人如何以可持续的方式发展旅游业？当“方法” 讲时，way 常与 in 搭配，in a(n)way 表示“以一种样的方法”，故填 in。 【91 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：每年数以百万计的游客来到大峡谷国家公园一定会（对我们的家 31 园）产生影响。此处的 effect 是可数名词，发音以元音音素开头，根据句意可知此 处应该用不定冠词 an 表泛指，have an effect 表示“有影响”，故填 an。 【92 题详解】 考查语态。句意：但她相信这些游

10、客会欣赏公园的历史和美丽，并受到鼓舞去保护 它。those visitors 与 inspire 之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，will 后接动词原形， 故填 be inspired。 完形填空完形填空 I enjoy feeding birds in my garden.About three years ago, a baby chipmunk (花栗鼠) which I named Chip came to this festive display. Over that summer, I watched it_93_.The next summer, the chipmunk was

11、 back, and I wondered whether it would trust me to feed it by hand or let me pet it. Before Chip would approach. Id_94_ its favorite food, bend down and keep very still. Id leave my open hand_95_, unmoving, so the animal would know I wouldnt_96_it. I continued doing this for a few weeks. _97_, late

12、in that second summer. Chip did show more trust. One day as I_98_a seed with my fingertips, it approached and carefully took the seed into its mouth. It never bit my fingers. I was happy that Chip and I had made a(n)_99_of trust. After about two months of this_100_, I went further. With my index fin

13、ger (食指), I_101_its back once gently. Im not even sure Chip felt it, but it didnt run away. I then moved my two fingers slowly and gently over it. Again, Chip stayed calm, eating seeds, before running quickly back into the bush. Today, the chipmunk comes out of hiding place when I call its name, and

14、 lets me _102_its soft, silky body.Afriend once mentioned that after she_103_a dog, she noticed that her high blood pressure had approached _104_without medication, and she became calmer and could handle stress better. I think I, too, feel_105_from my interactions with Chip. Ive also developed a gre

15、ater_106_for nature and its creatures and the opportunity to observe, protect and save wildlife. Most of all, I am amazed by the capacity of a tiny chipmunk to meet me halfway in_107_. 32 93. A. eatB. jumpC. playD. suffer 94. A. put outB. put upC. put downD. put away 95. A. in publicB. in placeC. in

16、 returnD. in turn 96. A. catchB. moveC. beatD. throw 97. A. SimilarlyB. FrequentlyC. ObviouslyD. Finally 98. A. exchangedB. plantedC. offeredD. produced 99. A. promiseB. breakthroughC. programD. experience 100. A. systemB. vacationC. routineD. event 101. A. knockedB. contactedC. coveredD. touched 10

17、2. A. shootB. supportC. petD. lift 103. A. walkedB. adoptedC. abandonedD. lost 104. A. safetyB. formalC. sourceD. normal 105. A. calmerB. fasterC. quieterD. easier 106. A. relationship B. connectionC. pityD. respect 107. A. trustB. amazementC. enjoymentD. amusement 【答案】93.A94. C95. B96.A97. D98. C99

18、. B100. C 101. D102. C103. B104. D105.A106. D107.A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者家院子里有一只小花栗鼠，整个夏天作者都观察它 慢慢长大，给它喂食，慢慢地取得了它的信任，如今只要一叫它的名字，它就跑出 来让作者抚摸。这让作者更加尊重大自然和它的生物，并有机会观察、保护和拯救 野生动物。 【93 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个夏天，我都在观察它吃东西。A. eat 吃；B. jump 跳； C. play 玩耍；D. suffer 遭受。根据上文的 I enjoy feeding birds in my garden.可知，作 者

19、喜欢喂鸟，故此处用观察它吃东西符合语境。故选 A 项。 【94 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我会放下它最爱的食物，弯腰并保持安静。A. put out 扑 灭； B. put up 张贴； C. put down 放下； D. put away 放到一边。 根据上文的 I wondered whether it would trust me to feed it by hand or let me pet it.可知，此处是指作者不知道 33 它是否信任自己，因此喂食时只能将食物放下并保持安静。故选 C 项。 【95 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我将张开的双手保持在适当的位置上，一

20、动不动，这样 这只花栗鼠就知道我不会去抓它。A. in public 在公开场合；B. in place 在原位；C. in return 作为回报；D. in turn 反过来。根据下文的 unmoving 可知，作者给花栗鼠放完 食物后，手就放在适当位置，并保持不动。故选 B 项。 【96 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我将张开的双手保持在适当的位置上，一动不动，这样 这只花栗鼠就知道我不会去抓它。A. catch 抓；B. move 移动；C. beat 敲打；D. throw 扔。根据上文的 Id leave my open hand 可知，作者把手张开就是为了让花栗鼠知道 它不会

21、被抓。故选 A 项。 【97 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于，在第二个夏天快要结束时花栗鼠对我表现出了信 任。A. Similarly 相似地；B. Frequently 频繁地；C. Obviously 明显地；D. Finally 最终。根据上文的 I continued doing this for a few weeks.和下文的 late in that second summer. Chip did show more trust.可知，经过了很长时间花栗鼠才信任作者，故此处 用“最终”符合语境。故选 D 项。 【98 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我用指尖递出

22、一粒种子时，它走近我，小心翼 翼地把它叼进嘴里。 A. exchanged 交换； B. planted 种植； C. offered 提供； D. produced 生产。根据下文的 it approached and carefully took the seed into its mouth.可知，作者 给花栗鼠提供了食物。故选 C 项。 【99 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴，花栗鼠在信任我方面有了很大的突破。A. promise 承诺；B. breakthrough 突破；C. program 节目；D. experience 经历。根据上 文的 it approache

23、d and carefully took the seed into its mouth. It never bit my fingers 可知， 花栗鼠已经很信任作者，这是一个突破。故选 B 项。 【100 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种日常的行为进行了两个月之后，我能更进一步（接 近它）了。A. system 系统；B. vacation 假期；C. routine 常规；D. event 事件。根据 34 上文可知，花栗鼠开始从我的手中取食，我和花栗鼠之间的信任取得了突破；结合 该句 I went further.可知，这种行为进行了两个多月的练习，用“常规”符合语境。 故选 C

24、 项。 【101 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意： 我用食指轻轻地触摸它的后背。 A. knocked 敲； B. contacted 接触； C. covered 覆盖； D. touched 触摸。 根据下文的 Im not even sure Chip felt it, but it didnt run away.可推测，作者轻轻地触摸了花栗鼠。故选 D 项。 【102 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，当我叫它的名字时，这只花栗鼠就从躲藏的地方 跑出来，让我抚摸它柔软丝滑的身体。A. shoot 射击；B. support 支持；C. pet 抚摸； D. lift 举起。根

25、据上文的 I then moved my two fingers slowly and gently over it.可知， 花栗鼠会让作者轻轻地抚摸它。故选 C 项。 【103 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个朋友曾经提到，在她收养了一只狗之后，她注意到 自己的高血压没有药物治疗，已经接近正常了，她变得更冷静，能更好地处理压力。 A. walked走； B. adopted收养； C. abandoned抛弃； D. lost 丢失。 根据下文的she noticed that her high blood pressure had approached _12_without med

26、ication, and she became calmer and could handle stress better.可知作者的朋友得到了一条狗，用“收养” 符合语境。故选 B 项。 【104 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个朋友曾经提到，在她收养了一只狗之后，她注意 到自己的高血压没有药物治疗，已经接近正常了，她变得更冷静，能更好地处理压 力。A. safe 安全的；B. formal 正常的；C. source 资源；D. normal 正常。根据上文的 she noticed that her high blood pressure 和下文的 and she became

27、calmer and could handle stress better.可知，自从有了这条狗，作者朋友的生活就往好的方向发展，高 血压也趋于正常。故选 D 项。 【105 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为我也因为和花栗鼠之间的互动变得更加平静了。 A. calmer 更平静的；B. faster 更快的；C. quieter 更安静的；D. easier 更容易的。根 据上文的 she became calmer and could handle stress better.和 I think I, too 可知，此处 35 是指作者和朋友一样，也变得更加平静了，calmer 是

28、原词复现。故选 A 项。 【106 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也变得更尊重大自然和它的生物，有机会去观察，保 护和拯救野生动物。 A. relationship 关系； B. connection 联系； C. pity 可怜； D. respect 尊重。根据下文的 the opportunity to observe, protect and save wildlife.可知，此处用 “尊重”符合语境。故选 D 项。 【107 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我惊讶于花栗鼠对我信任的能力。A. trust 信任；B. amazement 惊讶；C. enjoymen

29、t 享受；D. amusement 娱乐。由上文可知， 我通过给花栗鼠喂食取得了它的信任，因此，花栗鼠对我信任的能力让我惊讶。故 选 A 项。 阅读理解阅读理解 If you are ever in Connecticut, you need to be sure to take the family to Lake Compounce Theme Park. The park lies in Bristol, Connecticut. It has been opened since 1846 and is known asAmericas oldest park. In October,

30、they open the park for an event called Haunted Graveyard which is open at night. The rates are $34.99 for regular tickets. $25.99for kids and $17.99 for those over the age of 60. If you go before 5：00pm, you only pay $17.99. Kids under the age of three are free and parking is $8.00. The rides at the

31、 theme park are so much fun. The ride liked by all is the Boomerang with the top speed of over 45miles per hour.The drop on this ride is 125 feet.Another popular ride is the Pirate Ship.These two rides are great for thrill seekers because you actually feel as if you were falling out of your seat. Th

32、e park also has plenty of water rides for those who love water fun, such as water guns and water slides. Lights Out is a last water slide that is all in the dark. It goes around what looks like a lighthouse. Besides the rides, the park also has fun shows for the whole family. They have a great show

33、and a cool circus. There are also some great places to eat at the park. You can stop at the entrance to get a map first. You wont be able to visit the whole park in a day so you should have your family choose what you want to and have fun! 36 108. Ayoung couple with a six-year-old child driving to t

34、he Haunted Graveyard at night will pay_. A. $95.97B. $68.98C. $105.98D. $103.97 109. What does the underlined phrase “thrill seekers”in Paragraph 3 mean? A. People who are very brave.B. People who look for adventure. C. People who like visiting parks.D. People who want to learn a lot. 110. The passa

35、ge is written mainly to_. A. tell readers some information about the theme park B. persuade more and more people to visit the theme park C. tell readers the theme park is the oldest in the US D. make the theme park better known to the world 【答案】108. D109. B110.A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了去 Lake Compoun

36、ce Theme Park 的费用以 及可以从事的主要活动。 【108 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段 The rates are $34.99 for regular tickets. $25.99for kids and $17.99 for those over the age of 60. If you go before 5：00pm, you only pay $17.99. Kids under the age of three are free and parking is $8.00.普通票的价格是 34.99 美元。儿童 25.99 美元， 60 岁以上老人 17.99

37、美元。 如果你在下午 5 点之前去， 你只需要付 17.99 美元。三岁以下儿童免费，停车收费 8 美元。根据题干是晚上进人，孩子 6 岁了， 是正常的时间，大人每人 34.99 美元，孩子三岁以上是 25.99 美元，还有停车费 8 美元，合计是 103.97 美元(34.99x2+25.99+8)。故选 D 项。 【109 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词语后的 you actually feel as if you were falling out of your seat 你真的觉得自己好像要从座位上摔了下来。可知，这是非常惊险的，故画线词应是 指那些喜爱冒险的人。故选 B 项。 【1

38、10 题详解】 推理判断题。结合全文，根据第一段 If you are ever in Connecticut, you need to be sure to take the family to Lake Compounce Theme Park. The park lies in Bristol, Connecticut. 37 It has been opened since 1846 and is known asAmericas oldest park.如果你在康涅狄格 州，你一定要带你的家人去 LakeCompounce 主题公园。公园位于康涅 狄格州的布里斯托尔。它自 1846

39、年开始开放，被认为是美国最古老的公园。文章介 绍了去 Lake Compounce Theme Park 的费用以及可以从事的主要活动。推测文章是 告诉读者关于主题公园的一些信息的。故选 A 项。 【点睛】 概要写作概要写作 111. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。 Smoking a whole packet of cigarettes in a day once or twice a year would certainly make someone feel ill, but it probably would not kill him. Smoking eve

40、n one cigarette every day for decades， though， might do so. That is the difference between the acute exposure and the chronic(慢 性的）one, and it is a difference that most people understand. What they may not understand is that the same thing applies to air pollution. On a day-to-day basis, the forecas

41、ts most European cities offer turn red only when pollution levels rise to a point where they will cause immediate discomfort. That makes sense,but it might also make the badly-informed citizens think that if most days in the place where they live are green, the air theyre breathing is basically safe

42、. This may not be the case. For example, in London where the national data said air quality was “good”or“very good” four days out of five, a study found that levels of NO2were always higher than the WHOs limit of a long-term danger. Official data also fail to notice patterns of difference within a d

43、ay. These can be important, because people might be able to change their behavior if they understood them. Our study suggests, for example, that Parisians who head out for work at 9 a.m.and return at 6 p.m. could reduce their average daily intake of NO2by 16% by traveling both ways an hour earlier.

44、Going two hours earlier would cut the intake by 28%. The best advice of all to people in these cities, though, is to move toAmerica. In New York, levels of NO2were 20% below the WHO limit, and that is pretty typical of places in the United States, where diesel (柴油）is less common than that in Europe.

45、As the words on the Statue of Liberty say, “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled （蜷 38 缩的）masses yearning to breathe free.” 【答案】Like cigarettes, air pollution can be mild, but it is also harmful to human health in the long term.（要点 1）The forecasts saying days are green dont mean the air is ab

46、solutely safe to breathe.（要点 2）Most European citizens are not informed of the different patterns of pollution within a day. （要点 3）These people are advised to move to America，where the air is quite clean.（要点 4）. 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述空气污染像吸烟一样，长期存在将威胁人们 的健康。 【详解】概要写作的常规思路： 首先总结文章的中心思想，像香烟一样，空气污染可能是轻度

47、的，但它也是长期对 人类健康有害。接下来从三个要点阐述空气污染的危害，一是衡量空气污染的预测， 绿色并不代表是安全的； 二是大多数欧洲公民都不知道一天内不同模式的污染；三 是建议这些人搬到美国，那里的空气很干净。用到的词汇或句型有：air pollution， be harmful to，be informed of 等。 文章结构上用三个要点进行解释，使文中结构更加清晰，概括全面，结构严谨。 【点睛】首先，该考生对文章理解比较准确，涵盖了全部要点。其次，准确的使用 了语法结构和词汇，文中几乎没有语法问题。再次，完全使用自己的语言，语言流 畅，结构严谨。并且还使用了复合句，如非限制性定语从句 These people are advised to move toAmerica，where the air is quite clean.，显示了考生较高的英语驾驭能力。 39