(2019版)人教版选择性必修第一册英语Unit1 Part3 Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time(课前预习)(含答案).docx
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1、1 Unit1 Part3 课前预习课前预习 UNIT1 PEOPLE OFACHIEVEMENT Part3 Using Language,Assessing Your Progress he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low sco
2、res in the general part of the entrance exam, despite obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics.After studying for another year, he managed to pass the exam, entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. After two years of looking for work as a teacherEinstein took a job as a clerk in
3、the Swiss patent office. While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, which was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he published four extraordinary physics papers. Following this, he gradually beca
4、me famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. After four years, he was able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at university. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. Circumstances changed in 19
5、33, when Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. As a consequence, he had to flee Germany.After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute forAdvanced Study in Princeton ,USA. Foll
6、owing that, he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics. To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an 2 electric shock.Although he was a
7、 genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends birthdays. But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his friends and neighbours. There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework. In fact, Einstein often encountered people
8、 on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such occasions, he finally started saying, Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein! On 18April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a b
9、rilliant scientist. 是他让我们对宇宙的探索取得了进展 阿尔伯特爱因斯坦,也许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家,通常被认为是有史以来最 聪明的人之一。他对世界做出了许多(numerous)贡献,最著名的是广义相对(relativity) 论(theory)和著名的公式(formula)E=mc2。爱因斯坦不仅是个天才(genius) ,还是一个 勇敢而善良的人,受到许多人的喜爱。 这位温和的(gentle)天才于 1879 年 3 月 14 日出生于德国。16 岁时,他曾试图去瑞士 上大学, 尽管他在数学和物理方面取得了优异的成绩, 但由于入学考试的综合部分分数较低, 他未能如愿
10、。经过又一年的学习,他通过了考试,1896 年进入大学,1900 年毕业。 在找了两年的教师工作后,爱因斯坦在瑞士专利(patent)局找到了一份职员的工作。 在那里工作期间,出于对知识的强烈热情(passion) ,他继续学习,并于 1905 年获得了物理 学博士学位(doctorate) 。同年,他发表了四篇杰出的(extraordinary)物理学论文,这一年 后来被称为科学史上的奇迹之年。此后,他逐渐(gradually)成为举世闻名的新艾萨克牛 顿。四年后,他辞去了专利局的工作,进入一所大学做全职研究。1922 年,他因对光电 (photoelectric)效应的解释而被授予 192
11、1 年诺贝尔物理学奖。 1933 年,当希特勒在德国掌权(come to power)时,情况(circumstance)发生了变化。 爱因斯坦是犹太人,他发现学术(academic)机构(institution)的大门对他关闭了。结果 (consequence) ,他不得不逃离德国。在欧洲待了一段时间后,他终于在美国普林斯顿高等 研究院(institute)担任(take up a position)研究员一职。此后,他继续在物理和数学方面 取得巨大成就。 在公众眼中,他看起来有点古怪,但很善良,也很有趣。他胡须(moustache)浓密, 有时白发挺立,就像刚遭了电击一样。虽然是个天才,但
12、他有时会忘记一些事情,比如他朋 友的生日。尽管他性格古怪(peculiarity) ,但他深受朋友和邻居的喜爱。甚至还有一个关于 3 他如何帮助一个小女孩的故事。这个女孩敲了他的门,请求他帮她做家庭作业。事实上,爱 因斯坦经常在街上遇到(encounter)一些人,他们会拦住他,请他帮忙解释一些事情。经过 多次这样的场合后,他终于开口说:“对不起!对不起!我总是被误认为是爱因斯坦教授 (professor) !” 1955 年 4 月 18 日,据报道爱因斯坦去世了,全世界都为一位杰出科学家的逝世而哀悼 (mourn) 。 【基础过关练】【基础过关练】 .单词拼写单词拼写 1. He had
13、a _(酷爱)for gardens.(根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】passion 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意:他酷爱园艺。have a passion for 对有强烈的爱好,该 用法是固定用法,所以填 passion。 2. Weve made _(非凡的)progress as a society in recent years. (根据汉语意 思填空) 【答案】extraordinary 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意:作为一个社会,我们在最近几年取得了非凡的进步。 该空修饰名词 progress,用形容词,所以填 extraordinary。 3. I am an inde
14、pendent inventor and have had dozens of _(专利)awarded to me in the past 35 years. (根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】patents 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意:我是一个独立的发明家,在过去的 35 年里,我已经获得 了几十项专利。patent 表示“专利”,是可数名词,dozens of 修饰可数名词复数, 故填 patents。 4. I studied for my _ (博士学位) in Tsinghua University from 2013 to 2016.(根 据汉语意思填空) 【答案】doctor
15、ate 【解析】 4 【详解】考查名词。句意:2013 年至 2016 年,我在清华大学攻读博士学位。该空 作介词 for 的宾语,用名词,所以填 doctorate。 5. Father patted me g_ on my back, but said nothing.(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】gently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意:父亲轻轻地拍了拍我的背,什么也没说。该空修饰动词 patted,用副词,所以填 gently。 6. He was one of the very greatest scientific and mathematical g_. (根据首字母 单
16、词拼写) 【答案】geniuses 【解析】 【详解】考查名词的数。句意:他是最伟大的科学和数学天才之一。根据单词首字 母以及句意表示“天才”应填名词 geniuse,且上文 one of 后跟复数名词,表示“ 之一”,故应填复数。故填 geniuses。 7. They e_ untold difficulties and dangers before they reached their destination. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】encountered 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意:他们在到达目的地之前遇到了数不清的困难和危险。 根据单词首字母以及句意表示“遭遇”应
17、填动词 encounter,作谓语,结合后文 reached 可知应用一般过去时。故填 encountered。 8. They sat down and d_ a letter to the local newspaper. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】drafted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:他们坐下来给当地的报纸起草了一封信。分 析句子结构,可知句中 and 连接两个并列谓语,所以空处动词时态和前面动词时态 一致,用一般过去时,且与主语是主动语态,故填 drafted。 9. The new technique is targeted at mobile _(仪器)
18、. (根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】devices 【解析】 5 【详解】考查名词。句意:这项新技术针对的是移动设备。device 表示“仪器、设 备”,是可数名词,此处用复数表泛指,故填 devices。 10. He shaved his m_ off and looked younger than his age.(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】moustaches 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。 句意: 他刮掉了胡子, 看上去比实际年龄年轻。 该空作动词 shaved 的宾语,用名词,moustache 是可数名词,常用复数,所以填 moustaches。 . 选词填空 Out of a
19、 passion;come to power;take up; mistakefor;pass away 11. Most tour guides do the job _ traveling rather than money. 12. He left _ a new position in another company. 13. However, social changes brought about by new technology _ often _ changes in attitudes. 14. When Jin Yong _, there were many fans o
20、n social media expressing their sadness over his death. 15. After Mandela _, his government tried its best to improve blacks education. 【答案】11. out of a passion for 12. to take up 13. are. mistaken for 14. passed away 15. came to power 【解析】 【11 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意:大多数导游做这份工作是出于对旅游的热爱,而不是为了钱。 根据句意表示“出于对的热
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