（2019版）人教版选择性必修第一册英语Unit 1 People of Achievement 单元测试B卷（含答案）.docx

1、If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team, the world cultural heritage(遗产) at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand, weather or humans. Fan has spent more than half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist wall pain

2、tings at Dunhuang, in Northwest Chinas Gansu Province. Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of Buddhist artmore than 2,000 Buddha figures and 45,000 square meters of paintings spread among 735 caves. It is one of Chinas UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang aft

3、er graduating from Peking University in 1963. While in Dunhuang, a remote village in the desert then, Fan lived in an abandoned temple. At first, she did not even dare to go out to the toilet at night. To protect the treasures from sand and dampness, Fan and other workers put doors on the caves, pla

4、nted trees and started monitoring temperature and humidity(湿度) in the caves. They also controlled the number of visitors. In the late 1990s, with tourism booming nationwide since national holidays were extended, the local government planned to go public with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, but found Fan fi

5、rmly in their way. The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed, she said. Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and catalogued online all the sculptures and paintings. Despite our efforts to minimize damage, we cant completely stop them from being eroded(腐蚀). But the digital databas

6、e will last. Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation. Her two sons grew up in Shanghai with their aunt. I have not been a good mother or wife. With regard to my family, Im full of guilt, she said. Fan, 81, retired four years ago as the director o

7、f Dunhuang Academy but continues her efforts as an honorary president of Dunhuang Academy. 1. Which of the following measures didnt Fan Jinshi take to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes? A. Opening Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively. B. Planting trees and stopping Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes

8、 being eroded. C. Picturing and classifying all the sculptures and paintings online. D. Putting doors on the caves and monitoring temperature and humidity. 2. When was Fan separated from her husband? A. In 1963.B. In 1967.C. In 1986.D. In the late 1990s. 3. What kind of person do you think Fan is? A

9、. Considerate and easy-going.B. Kind and intelligent. C. Humorous and sweet-tempered.D. Committed and persistent. Born in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the greatest men of the nineteenth century. In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H. M. S. Rattlesnake.

10、 The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas. This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career. The voyage lasted four years, during which time he gathered much information on plankton(浮游生物). O

11、n his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work. Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his interest was turning towards vertebrate(有脊椎的) animals. For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had b

12、een discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved, one from another. No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwins On the Origin of Species appeared. Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided the working hyp

13、othesis(假说) we sought. For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwins work. In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Mans Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes(猿). He clearly showed similarities. Despite his many achievements, he was g

14、iven no award by the British state until late in his life. From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research. He had always been interested in education. He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting type animals is still followed to

15、day. He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology. 1. Why did Huxley go on the voyage? A. To explore the deep sea.B. To do research on sea animals. C. To work as a doctor on the ship.D. To gather information for his paper. 2. How did Huxley react to the theory of natural

16、selection? A. He had doubt about it.B. He thought highly of it. C. He couldnt understand it.D. He thought he developed it first. 3. What do we know about Huxleys book Mans Place in Nature? A. It discusses the importance of human beings. B. It focuses on Darwins theory of natural selection. C. It tal

17、ks about the differences between man and apes. D. It provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes. 4. What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph? A. He contributed a lot to biology teaching. B. He continued his research till his death. C. He became a good novelist late in his l

18、ife. D. He never got awards for his achievements. The Nobel Prize in Literature, which has been awarded almost every year since 1901, nets(净赚) the winning author 747,000 pounds($915,000), a medal, a certificate, and the legal duty to deliver a lecture in Sweden at some future date. The winner was se

19、lected, as usual, by the Swedish Academy, which also picked a second laureate (获奖者) this year to make up for the fact that no prize was presented in 2018 because of a scandal(丑闻). The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2018 was awarded to the Polish author Olga Tokarczuk for a narrative imagination that

20、with encyclopedic(百科全书式的) passion represents the crossing of boundaries as a form of life. She won last years Man Booker International Prize for her novel Flights. Her representative works include Drive Your Plow Over the Bones of the Dead and Primeval and Other Times. The Nobel Prize in Literature

21、for 2019 was awarded to the Austrian author Peter Handke for an influential work that with linguistic ingenuity(语言的独创性) has explored the periphery and the specificity of human experience. His representative works include A Sorrow Beyond Dreams, Slow Homecoming and The Great Fall. Before the announce

22、ment of the Nobel Prize in Literature winners, there were also two nominees(被提 名者) who had attracted much attention. Chinese people were keeping their eyes on nominee Can Xue. Can Xue, whose real name is Deng Xiaohua, was born in central Chinas Hunan Province in 1953. She had a tough childhood, work

23、ing as a worker in a street factory for eight years. Her life experience has formed her own unique literary path. Cans books have been translated and published outside China. Frontier, published in the US in 2017, won attention and applause from the West. The other hot guess was Japanese writer Haru

24、ki Murakami, whose books and stories have been bestsellers in Japan as well as internationally, with his works being translated into 50 languages and selling millions of copies outside his native country. His works have received numerous awards. Internet users kept eyes on him for the Nobel Prize in

25、 Literature because he had become a hot guess for years. His representative works include Norwegian Wood, Kafka on the Shore and 1Q84. 1.Why were two writers awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature this year? A.To fill the prize gap of 2018.B.To attract more peoples attention. C.To inspire more outsta

26、nding writers.D.To satisfy the development of literature. 2.What made Olga Tokarczuk win the Nobel Prize in Literature? A.Her high popularity.B.Her language skills. C.Her numerous works.D.Her writing style. 3.Which book can you choose if you are interested in Peter Handkes style? A.Flights.B.The Gre

27、at Fall.C.Frontier.D.Kafka on the Shore. 4.Why did the Internet users pay close attention to Haruki Murakami? A.He had created hundreds of great novels. B.He had received lots of awards all the time. C.He had been supposed to win the prize for years. D.He had been recognized as the most popular writ

28、er. For years, Hamzeh AlMaaytah supported a community of book lovers in Jordan, keeping his bookstore in Ammans old center open around the clock, encouraging customers to stay for a long time over rare treasures and often allowing them to set the price for a purchase. His supporters recently had a c

29、hance to repay him when the local landmark was threatened with closure, following a sudden illness that put him out of action for several months as bills were piling up. By April, 330 people from more than 20 countries had contributed $18,000 in a crowd-finding (众筹)campaign launched by two friends.

30、The money allows AlMaaytah to repair his small space and expand to a storefront next to it, where he hopes to set up a literary salon, a display of rare books and a reading comer. Up to now, much of the stores activity has taken place outdoors, with books laid out under a sheet on the sidewalk. Desp

31、ite the recent financial scare, the 36-year-old shopkeeper is sticking to his pay as you please business model, applied to most books. Customers can also pay a small amount of fee to borrow books or read rare editions in the store. Its risky. But its also an adventure. said AlMaaytah. You would be s

32、urprised what putting your trust in people can do. It doesnt just make more room for generosity. They also want to come back for more. More books, more conversations. AlMaaytah recently renamed his branch Mahall al-Maa loosely translated as Source of Water. to reflect his belief that bookslike water

33、are a necessity and should be accessible to all. Such access has been a problem in Jordan, which lacks government-funded community libraries, forcing readers to buy expensive books or go to university libraries, said Sara Qudah, the culture editor of the Al- Rai newspaper. (1).What did AlMaaytah adv

34、ise people to do according to Paragraph 1? A.To work hard for good pay.B.To keep valuable jewelry. C.To enjoy some rare books.D.To go to look for treasures. (2).What did people do to repay AlMaaytah? A.People donated some money to him.B.People paid almost all his bills. C.People decorated his bookst

35、ore for him.D.People launched crowd-funding campaigns. (3).Why has much of the stores activity been held outdoors? A.There is a reading comer outdoors.B.All the books are put outdoors now. C.The store tries to attract customers.D.The store is small. (4).Which of the following statements does AlMaayt

36、ah agreewith? A.People want to be put your trust in wherever they live. B.Books are a must and all should have access to them. C.More room should be made for people to show generosity. D.People want to read more books and make more conversations. 二、七选五二、七选五 Florence Nightingale was named after her b

37、irthplace, Florence, Italy. When she was almost a year old, she returned with her family to England. Florence often helped her mother deliver food to the poor and sick. _ Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession. But Florence was determined. She studied books on medicine

38、. Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could. _ In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia. Florence went to the British hospital in Scutari (now skdar in Istanbul) and she was shocked. The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running eve

39、rywhere. _ Many soldiers died before receiving help. The doctors wouldnt listen to Florence because they didnt like the idea of women in army hospitals until one day 500 unexpected casualties (伤亡者)arrived. _ Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared for. Ev

40、ery night she would check the patients with her lamp. When she returned home after the war, a fund had been set up in her honor. Many of the soldiers she had nursed had made contributions. Now she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London. After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale

41、saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals. _ All of this was because of the lady with the lamp. A. Nursing became an honored profession. B. There was no running water and no heat. C. She knew she had much to learn about nursing. D. Florence saw the soldiers health had improved. E. As she grew older, s

42、he decided to become a nurse. F. They soon realized that Florence knew what she was doing. G. Upon returning home, she was an expert on hospital management. 三、完形填空（三、完形填空（15 空）空） Craven, 26, had to get around the world to be at the hospital for his wife was going to give birth. He was in Afghanistan

43、. He1to Kuwait and then to Philadelphia, where matters grew2Storms caused a cancellation so he was3to stay in a hotel overnight. He was scheduled to fly out the next morning. While sitting on the plane on Thursday morning, they experienced repair issues. After about 30 minutes of remaining seated on

44、 the plane, everybody had to4the plane and went back inside again. After that was delay after delay. They just kept pushing it, Craven said. If they had5the plane from the beginning, I would have found another way home somehow. Because of the bad6, there were not rental vehicles at all from the airp

45、ort, he said. The7flight didnt work until 10:30 a. m. the next day. So I would have8all of it. 9, word of Cravens plight(困境) started spreading among10. His story reached Charlene Vickers who was also on a deadline. She needed to11Charleston by noon on Friday. She12herself to Craven and said, Im goin

46、g to drive to West Virginia tonight. So are you willing to join this13party of ours? Craven didnt even wait to get his suitcase. The group arrived at his house just past midnight. His 9-pound, 8-ounce boy, Cooper, was14the next morning. If it hadnt been for Charlene, I never would have made it, Crav

47、en said. All she wanted15was pictures of the baby. 1. A. droveB. flewC. walkedD. rode 2. A. complicatedB. valuableC. excitingD. pleasing 3. A. invitedB. punishedC. forcedD. expected 4. A. take offB. put upC. get offD. set up 5. A. canceledB. arrangedC. complainedD. repaired 6. A. trafficB. weatherC.

48、 routeD. travel 7. A. fastB. nextC. newD. only 8. A. missedB. evaluatedC. achievedD. destroyed 9. A. GenerallyB. ApparentlyC. FortunatelyD. Frequently 10. A. soldiersB. pilotsC. driversD. passengers 11. A. leaveB. reachC. passD. control 12. A. introducedB. devotedC. abandonedD. committed 13. A. uniq

49、ueB. energeticC. regularD. crazy 14. A. goneB. sentC. lostD. born 15. A. in timeB. in useC. in returnD. in need 四、语法填空四、语法填空 Yu Rong, a famous artist, thinks of a new way to introduce _ ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book. In the book, I Am Hua Mulan, she tells the story by _ (combine) pa

50、per-cutting with international artistic styles. She places Shaanxi paper-cuts over western-style pencil sketches (素描) _ (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements, which turns out to be a _ (success) and impressive breakthrough. Hua Mulan, _ story has been told by generations in China, was