（2019版）牛津译林版必修第一册英语期初英语试题分类汇编：阅读理解专题（含答案）.doc

1、江苏省部分名校 2021-2022 学年上学期高一英语期初试题分类汇编 阅读理解专题 江苏省前黄高级中学 2021-2022 学年高一上学期期初调研英语试卷 阅读理解 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Losing a baby tooth can be fun for a kid. You can put it under your pillow and look forward to finding some money there in the mo

2、rning. And then you can watch your new permanent (永恒 的）tooth grow in its place. But if a permanent tooth falls out, thats a problem. There isnt another one under the gum(齿 龈）that can replace it. Unfortunately, this happens to some older people. And if permanent teeth fall out or need to be pulled, a

3、n older person might need dentures. Dentures, known as false teeth, are a set of replacement teeth for any teeth that are missing. There are partial dentures, which take the place of only a few teeth and prevent the others from changing position. If all the teeth are gone, the person would need comp

4、lete dentures, which replace every tooth in the mouth. Dentures can cause pains at first but take little time to get used to. They also need special care. They should be brushed daily with a special denture brush and cleanser and soaked (浸泡） in denture solution when not in the mouth. Dentures are im

5、portant for the old because, without teeth, its hard to smile, talk, and eat properly. But it can be a little weird if you see someone take out his or her dentures. It can also be strange to see someone, like a grandparent, without dentures in because he or she wont have any teeth. Try not to make f

6、un of the person because this could cause hurt feelings. People usually lose their permanent teeth due to periodontal disease (牙周炎）， or gum disease, which is caused by bacteria（细菌） that attack the gums. Diseased gums arent strong and healthy, so teeth can get loose and fall out. Older people often h

7、ave many cavities (洞） that have been filled over the years, and these fillings can weaken over time, leading to more tooth problems. 21. If one of your baby teeth falls out, you_ A should have a false tooth fixed in its placeB. will gain a permanent tooth in future. C. have to put it under your pill

8、ow at onceD. can exchange it for some money 22.A person wearing dentures _ . A. will experience unpleasant feelings at the beginning B. will spend a very long time adjusting himself or herself to them C should brush them with a special denture brush every few days D. should use denture solution to s

9、oak them in his or her mouth 23. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Partial dentures can prevent the remaining teeth from changing position. B. Old people will find it hard to smile, talk, and eat properly without teeth. C.A persons teeth will possibly get loose if disea

10、ses strike his gums. D. It is hard for a person to wear dentures if all his teeth have fallen out. 24. What does the underlined word weird mean in the fifth paragraph? A. inconvenientB. excitedC. strangeD. impolite B In the Hollywood movie The Martian, actor Matt Damon plays an astronaut who grows f

11、ood on Mars（火星）to survive alone on the red planet. After seeing the movie, Washington State University physicist Michael Allen and University of Idaho food scientist Helen Joyner decided to carry out a case study helping students figure out how to farm on Mars. In the case study, students have to im

12、agine they are mining （采矿）on Mars and decide how to feed themselves there before starting on the journey. They get advice from Allen and Joyner on how to select crops and take the challenges of growing crops over long periods on Mars. Students use a scoring system to select three foods to plant on M

13、ars. Allen found the results impressive: among 30 students, “no two people have ever gotten the same answer”, he said. Human travelers to Mars will likely have to make use of resources on the planet rather than take everything they need with them on a spaceship. This means farming their own food on

14、another planet, one that has a very different ecosystem (生态系统) from Earths. One challenge for those who would like to live on Mars is the fact that there can be no farming tools. Like real astronauts, students taking part in the study cannot take a lot of farming tools with them. As Joyner put it to

15、 his student astronauts, “You are starting with nothing.” Besides, students also have to deal with a very limited choice of diet. “If I had to eat a single food for the rest of my life, could I do it?” Joyner asked. But Allen believes the case study is about more than farming and eating on the Red P

16、lanet. “Im not teaching about growing food on Mars,” Allen said. “Im teaching about living with choices. Im teaching about problem solving.” 25. In the case study, students have to _. A. watch the movie to know the conditions on Mars B. decide which crops to grow on Mars with the help of the teacher

17、s C. design different types of diets on Mars for them to choose D. understand how to farm on Mars with their favorite farming tools 26. Michael Allen thinks that the case study _. A. increases students knowledge about farmingB.helpsstudentknowmore about Mars C. develops students skills of solving pr

18、oblemsD. teaches students how to make proper choices 27. The passage is mainly intended _. A. to describe a research on how to farm on Mars B. to prepare us to deal with problems on Mars C. to teach us how to survive on Mars alone D. to introduce a Hollywood movie, The Martian C Four “Fun facts” tha

19、t are complete lies, but you believe them No.1 You can see the Great Wall of China from space This seems right, doesnt it? The Great Wall of China is huge, after all, and you can see large things from far away. But even from a low orbit, its pretty much invisible (看不见的) to the naked eye, and not exa

20、ctly easy to pick out with an advanced camera lens. Strangely, this myth (谬论) existed before we even went into space, so it had the opportunity to become a “fact” before it could even be checked. There are many other man-made objects visible from space, but because the Great Wall is made from rocks

21、gathered in the surrounding area, it doesnt stand out against the landscape enough to be visible. How Stuff Works helpfully suggests that China could paint the wall in hot pink to fix the matter. No.2 Einstein failed at school Einstein, the modern archetypal genius (天才), failing at school is a “fact

22、” which serves as an encouragement to under-performing schoolchildren and is repeated by motivational speakers wanting to make some point about failure and success. It would be fairly comforting if true, but reality doesnt tend to care about how comfortable you are. There are versions of this myth f

23、ocusing on maths, but in either case, its just not true. The myth seems to result from the fact that the grading system used in his school was changed the year after he leftfrom 1 being the highest mark to 6 being the highest. Einstein got 1s, but to anybody looking back at his grades, it would seem

24、 like that meant hed failed. No.3 _ Many people claim that if you wake someone when theyre sleepwalking, the shock of finding themselves not in bed will lead them to suffer a heart attack or otherwise do some serious damage. In actual fact, waking somebody who is sleepwalking does them no harm whats

25、oever. They might be a little confused. In fact, they could hurt themselves by continuing to sleepwalk freely, for obvious reasons. So, its better to guide a sleepwalker back to bed without waking, but if you do wake him, it wont do any harm. No.4 Sharks dont get cancer This fact has gained acceptan

26、ce despite having merely been invented as a reason for selling people shark cartilage pills as a cancer cure. Firstly, even if it was true that sharks didnt get cancer, that wouldnt mean that using a part of it was a cure or treatment for cancer. There were some initial positive results, but they we

27、re also gained with other animal cartilages and didnt translate into a reliable treatment. In short, eating shark cartilage pills does nothing for cancer patients. And to pile more stupidity on top of it, sharks clearly do get cancer. 28. Why are we unable to see the Great Wall directly in space? A.

28、 The colour of the rocks is not hot pink.B.Advanced cameras are not employed. C. Its too small to stand out from far away.D. The Great Wall is made from nearby rocks. 29. What does the underlined sentence in No.2 mean? A. Failure is the mother of success.B. Reality has something to do with imaginati

29、on. C. Success and failure should be both experienced. D.Assumption （设想） is one thing, but reality is another. 30. Which of the following may be the subtitle of No.3? A. Sleepwalkers might be at a lossB. Sleepwalkers might attack others C. Waking sleepwalkers will harm themD. Waking sleepwalkers wil

30、l shock them 31. Who are more likely to benefit from the lie “Sharks dont get cancer”? A. Drug sellers.B. Health advisors.C. Cancer patients.D. Shark researchers. D The other day, my sister and I were sitting in the restaurant, trying to have a conversation, but her children, four-year-old Willow an

31、d seven-year-old Luca, would not stop fighting. The arguments-over a fork, or who had more water in a glass-never stopped. Then my sister reached into her handbag, produced two shiny iPads, and handed one to each child. Suddenly, the two were quiet. They sat playing games and watching videos, and we

32、 continued with our conversation. After our meal, as my sister stuffed the iPads back into her bag, she said, “I dont want to give them the iPads at the dinner table, but if they keep them occupied for an hour so we can eat in peace, I often just hand them over. I am afraid that its bad for them. I

33、do worry that it makes them think its OK to use electronics at the dinner table in the future.” Dr. Gary Small, director of the Longevity Center at the University of California, LosAngeles says that the brain is highly sensitive to stimuli（刺激物） ，like iPads and smartphone screen, and if people spend

34、too much time on one technology, and less time interacting （互动） with people like parents at the dinner table, that could prevent the development of certain communication skills. “Conversations with each other are the way children learn to have conversations with themselves, and learn how to be alone

35、,” said Sherry Turkle, a professor of science, technology and society at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She fears that children who do not learn real interactions, which often have imperfections, will come to know a world where perfect, shiny screens give them a false sense of intimacy（亲

36、密）without risk. However, they need to be able to gather themselves and know who they are. So someday they can form a relationship with another person without a panic of being alone. “If you dont teach your children to be alone, they will only know how to be lonely,” she said. 32. What did Willow and

37、 Luca fight about? A. Little things.B. iPads.C. Delicious food.D. Interesting things. 33. How did the authors sister feel about offering children iPads? A. She loved doing it very muchB. She was uncertain about its effects. C. She felt it was worth a try.D. She felt surprised at its effect. 34.Accor

38、ding to Dr. Small, what should parents do? A. Provide their children with various technologies. B. Teach their children communication skills. C. Limit their childrens screen time. D. Talk to their children at the dinner table. 35. What is Sherry Turkle worried? A. Children are afraid of taking risks

39、. B. Children try to escape from the real world. C. Children cant deal with time when they have to be alone. D. Children cant live without electronic devices. 江苏省连云港市赣榆智贤中学 2021-2022 学年高一上学期 9 月月考英语试题 阅读理解（阅读理解（共共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 37.5 分分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When you ar

40、e about to go to a boarding school in England, there are many different questions that may come to mind. But once you look at them with some perspective, you will certainly feel easy. Here is a normal boarding day. Early Morning： Usually boarders get up around 7:00 a.m. and have around an hour to ta

41、ke a shower and put on their uniform before breakfast. Lessons： Classes start at 9:00 a.m. and every lesson lasts for 50 minutes. After two lessons, at 10:40 a.m., youll have a short break. The next period of classes will include two more lessons. Lunch： Lunch is usually held around 12:30 p.m. at th

42、e dining hall, where youll join your friends to enjoy a hot dish.After an hour of lunch, youll have three or four more lessons to attend. Dinner： At 5:00 p.m., you will have finished your school lessons for the day. Most boarding schools in the UK offer their full boarders different kinds of hot mea

43、ls to choose from. Activities/Sports： All boarding schools in the UK provide many different kinds of activities for their boarders, such as football, swimming, golf or art. Prep： An important part of boarding school life is the supervised homework session known as “prep”.Although prep might sound st

44、ressful, its a great way for you to keep up with your studies. Free time： Once you have done all your classes and activities, its time to relax. Bedtime： In most boarding schools, the lights go out around 10:30 p.m. Being nervous just before you go to a boarding school is completely normal and under

45、standable. Hopefully, being aware of the usual routine youll be following can help you. Once you are there, you will also see how exciting life in a boarding school in England can be. 21. What can help you keep up with your studies in the boarding school? A. Doing activities.B. Having lessons. C. En

46、joying free time.D. Supervised homework sessions. 22. What do we know about boarding schools in England from the text? A. Classes usually start at 8:30 a.m.B. Students can have a short break after four lessons. C. They dont give students any free time.D. They turn off the lights around 10:30 p.m. 23

47、. What is the purpose of the text? A. To help students know about boarders life.B. To attract more students to boarding schools. C. To introduce a new school life.D. To advertise for boarding schools. B A bicycle may be seen by most people as just another vehicle(交通工具), but for many Londoners, cycli

48、ng is a way of life. According to a UK government survey in 2017, about 570,000 bike journeys were made every day in London. In fact, almost half of the vehicles that pass over London Bridge each day are bikes. London introduced a public bike-sharing system in 2010. “There can be no doubt that our t

49、rusty bicycles have changed that way people get around our great city,” Johnson told The Guardian. In London, bikes are used for more than just taking short trips to and from the subway. NO matter where you want to go in the city, riding a bike is usually the quickest and easiest choice. And its not

50、 just shared bikes that the government is encouraging people to ride. In many companies across the UK, the UK governments Cycle to Work scheme (计划) allows workers to buy a brand new bike without having to pay any tax (税) . This means that its common to see many people cycling to and from work, and s