高中英语新题型 七选五ppt课件-（2020）新牛津译林版高中英语必修第一册-.ppt

1、Reading comprehensionReading comprehension 秘秘 命命 题题 揭揭 题型简析题型简析 七选五是一篇约七选五是一篇约300词的短文中词的短文中留出五留出五 个空白个空白，要求考生，要求考生从所给的七个选项中选从所给的七个选项中选 出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺，出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺， 前后连贯。前后连贯。 主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和篇章主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和篇章 结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。 命题形式体现了命题形式体现了新课标新课标“用英语获用英语获 取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步

2、获取用取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用 英语思维的能力英语思维的能力”的阅读学习和教学理论的阅读学习和教学理论。 卷别卷别体裁体裁 词数词数 设空位置设空位置短文标题短文标题 2021年新高考年新高考I卷卷 说明文说明文 3441段首段首,4段中段中无无 2020年新高考年新高考卷卷说明文说明文 300 1段首段首,3段中段中,1段末段末无无 2020年全国年全国卷卷 说明文说明文 274 1段首段首,3段中段中,1段末段末有有 2020年全国年全国卷卷 说明文说明文 2631段首段首,4段中段中有有 2020年全国年全国卷卷 说明文说明文 334 2段首段首,2段中段中,1段末段末无无

3、2019年全国年全国卷卷 说明文说明文 2472段首段首,3段中段中有有 2019年全国年全国卷卷 说明文说明文 2651段首段首,4段中段中无无 2019年全国年全国卷卷 说明文说明文 200 1段首段首,3段中段中,1段末段末无无 2018年全国年全国卷卷 说明文说明文 249 1段首段首,3段中段中,1段末段末无无 2018年全国年全国卷卷 说明文说明文 211 2段首段首,2段中段中,1段末段末无无 expository writing in the middle of a paragraph How do you deal with gap-filling when doing ex

4、ercises? 1 3 5 4 patterncolor 2 ACEDB How can you work out the puzzle？ Jigsaw puzzle puzzlegap-filling patter n Sentence structure logical逻辑的逻辑的 relation 巧巧 解解 题题 技技 1、词汇衔接、词汇衔接 2、结构衔接、结构衔接 3、逻辑衔接、逻辑衔接 Key words 词汇衔接词汇衔接 01 1.词汇的衔接包括：词汇的衔接包括： 1)词汇复现词汇复现 复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用 的一种写作手段，即作者

5、在文章上下文的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文 不同的位置对不同的位置对同一个概念同一个概念进行进行重复重复描述。描述。 复现关系，主要是指复现关系，主要是指、同义词、同义词 (synonym)复现、反义词复现、反义词(antonym)复复 现、同构词现、同构词(conjugate)复现、同畴词复现、同畴词 (congener)复现等复现等。 (conjugate) n fall fell n beauty beautiful n act action-active mate roommate n police policeman n (congener) （指一个 范畴里的不同事物。） fr

6、uitfruit： furniture furniture sports:sports: apple, apple, orange, orange, bananabanana bed, table, bed, table, armchairarmchair running, running, swimming, swimming, jumpingjumping 类别类别 具体具体 (2020年新高考年新高考卷卷) Ex1-Keep track of how you are feeling. _1_ This will make it easier for you to answer quest

7、ions about your symptoms (症状症状) and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long youve felt that way. C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments dont work. D. Before your

8、doctors visit, keep notes on how you are feeling. 解析：观察选项，选项D中的“how you are feeling”与小标题中的“how you are feeling” 属于原词复现。将答案带入原文，前后语义衔接 紧密，故选D项。 Ex2The scientists say that the human life has changed greatlyOur bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new ki

9、nds of sicknesses 2 2 So they are called diseases of civilizationMany cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases. DAncient people also got lots of physical exercise. EThese new sicknesses were not known in ancient times. FPeople today dont want to live like our ancestors.

10、 sicknesses sickness es E 同词复现同词复现 Ex3On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._3_Those disadvantages include expen

11、se,time away from ones school,family, The following are its advantages. B.However, there may be a number of disadvantages. C.Consider a distance education. However 反义词复现反义词复现 Ex4 Sometimes kids are glad to hear a “no” from their parents. _4_ A. There are two types of parents love. B. It seems a happ

12、y feeling to get out of parents control. 近义词近义词 Ex5- Doing some exercises in the day should help you feel tired ._5_ However, coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake. A. A bedtime drink can also help B. Having a good sleep will keep you lively the whole day.

13、同畴词同畴词 Ex6-Dont forget to wear a helmet(头盔) Whether youre a beginner or an expert, youre going to fall, and sometimes youre going to fall hard. “I went down to one run that was pretty hard,” Nate, a skiing learner, says, “_6 ” Ex7-You dont have to buy a lot of expensive and new gear(装备) Some skiers

14、who owned nice winter jackets couldnt go on the trip. 7 “I have a neighbor who let me borrow some of his gear. That was very helpful,” says 13-year-old Matt Rizer. Dont worry about falling. I felt like I was learning pretty quickly. I fell down and I was glad I was wearing a helmet. Dont think that

15、you ski well enough not to wear a helmet. So they lent their clothes to other skiers. C E 同畴词同畴词 2)代词线索代词线索 英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用 无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧 妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差 异可以准确而快速地解题。异可以准确而快速地解题。 itit可指代单数名词或整个句子；可指代单数名词或整个句子；theythey或或 the

16、mthem指代复数名词；指代复数名词；oneone指代单数可数名词；指代单数可数名词； thatthat指代不可数名词或句子；指代不可数名词或句子；thisthis指代单数指代单数 名词或句子名词或句子; these ; these 或或thosethose指代前句的复指代前句的复 数名词。数名词。 Ex8 8 They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, B. He said that laughter is much healthier

17、 than anger. A. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. C. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. They A 七选五中常见关键词的种类有：七选五中常见关键词的种类有： 1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 利用这些关键词在上下文不同的利用这些关键词在上下文不同的 位置对同一概念或事物进行描述，位置对同一概念或事物进行描述， 这种方法称为这种方法称为_法。法。 Conclusion 1Conclusi

18、on 1 关键词关键词 相同词相同词近义词近义词 反义词反义词 同构词同构词同畴词同畴词代词代词 02 Structure 篇章结构 总-分-（总）平行关系 篇章结构 0102 C. But researchers have tried and heres what theyve found. D. Recognizing your errors can lead only to even greater wisdom. EX 9- Although people value, they also respect wisdom, or the knowledge and experience.

19、 In some ways, wisdom is like beauty , but it is impossible to pin down（确定） such a nice quality. 9 1.Working at being social. Studies show that people who stay connected to others show higher levels of wisdom than those who remain alone. . 3.Learning how to say “ I could be wrong”. 4.Reading the new

20、s. . C 总总- -分分- -（总）（总） 。 Ex 10- 1.Prevent energy leaks （泄露）at home Heating and cooling can make up to 50 percent of your energy bill. . 2.Plant trees in your yard and community. Everyone knows that planting trees can help the environment. . 3._10_ If you use ceiling fans during hot summer days, you

21、 can create a cooling environment. A few ceiling or regular fans properly placed in your home can reduce the amount of time you spend -. A.Trees have many good influences. B Use natural wind to dry our clothes. C.There are many ways to use solar power. D.Use ceiling fans to cool off in summer. D 平行关

22、系平行关系-小标题小标题 From the sentence sructure, we know No.3 is parallel to No.1 and No.2. so we can dismiss A and C. From the last paragraph, we know the main idea of the paragraph is about ceiling fans. Ex. 11- 1. Smile! Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice!. 2. Be fun! We all prefer s

23、pending time with people who make us feel happy. . 3.Listen! 4._ Ask people who take classes with your questions about what they study today. A. Change! B. Ask a question! C. Class work is a great icebreaker. D. Say “hello” and see what happens. B Lets practice Conclusion Conclusion 2 2 利用利用篇章的总分（总）

24、结构以及篇章的总分（总）结构以及 段与段之间的平行关系来进行推演段与段之间的平行关系来进行推演 答题也是做七选五时一个重要方法，答题也是做七选五时一个重要方法， 我们称之为我们称之为 _。篇章结构分析法篇章结构分析法 Logical relations 逻辑关系的衔接逻辑关系的衔接 03 B. There are three practical note-taking methods. A. You must write your notes on separate paper. C. First, the simple act of writing something down makes

25、it easier for you to understand and remember it. _12_ .Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. CEx12 Lets practice Ex13- _13_ This is because some people have certain qualities, which others do not. A. Some people succeed, while others may not. B. As

26、the famous saying goes, “No pains, no gains.” A Lets practice 因果因果 Ex 14-_14_ In other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person. A. Another proverb says “Love is blind.” B. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old. n A Lets prac

27、tice 解释解释 Ex15-_ However, the real movie capital is Mumbai(孟买市), in India. Sometimes they even write the script by hand. B.Most people think that the capital of the movie world is Hollywood, in the USA. 转折关系转折关系 Lets practice Conclusion Conclusion 3 3 利用语段句与句层与层之间利用语段句与句层与层之间 相互的联系进行推演，这种方法称相互的联系进行推

28、演，这种方法称 为为_。在这种方法中，能。在这种方法中，能 表明句子间基本关系的词叫表明句子间基本关系的词叫 _。 逻辑关系逻辑关系 法法 关系词关系词 and, also, besides ,similarly , furthermore, moreover, in addition, then, first, second because, for, since, as, thus, so, therefore, consequently, due to, thanks to,as a result,because of, but, however, yet, on the contrar

29、y, on the other hand, otherwise, by contrast, rather than , in other words, that is to say in fact，actually, for example, Tell the logical relations between the sentences. 1) Self-image includes the way you look, 2)the way you act and the way you talk. 3)However, our self-images are often quite diff

30、erent from the images others hold about us.4) In fact, most of these images are more negative than they should?be. 5)Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self- image. 1) Self-image includes the way you look, 2)the way you act and the way you talk. 并列关系并列关系 3)How

31、ever, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us. 转折关系转折关系 4)In fact, most of these images are more negative than they should?be. 5)Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self-image. 解释关系解释关系 因果关系因果关系 Finish the exercise on your

32、 learning paper. Keys: 36-40 E A G C D Is Fresh Air Really Good for You? （2019年全国卷年全国卷I） We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” _36_ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good. _37_ If the air youre breathing

33、 is clean-which it would be if youre away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain. Recently，people have begun studyin

34、g the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _38_ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospi

35、tal patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. _39_ It gives us a great feeling of peace. _40_While the suns rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough

36、 Vitamin Dbut still protect your skin put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D. A. Fresh air cleans our lungs. B. So what are you waiting for? C. Being in nature r

37、efreshes us. D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight. E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said? F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care. G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens. 【答案】36. E

38、37. A 38. G 39. C 40. D 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处：新鲜空气中 的氧气，阳光对人们的身心健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用 大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”，治疗病人了。 【36题详解题详解】根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知 ，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句 。故选E：但是新鲜空气真得像你母亲说的那样对你有好处吗？ 空前的people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”和选项中 的“your mother always said”呼应 【37题

39、详解题详解】根据下一句中下一句中提到的“If the air youre breathing is cleanthe air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen”可知，新鲜空气充满赋予人生命的，充满活 力的氧气。下文中下文中“breathe more deeply, allowing more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain”是对前文的递是对前文的递 进：在户外，更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑。根据前面的分进：在户外，更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑。根据前面的分 析可以推知，该空应该提

40、到新鲜空气的基本作用，根据常识，析可以推知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用，根据常识， 我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌 肉和大脑受益肉和大脑受益，故该空应选A选项：新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部 。 【38题详解题详解】根据下一句中提到的下一句中提到的“these places”可以 推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只选项中只 有有G选项提到该类名词，故选项选项提到该类名词，故选项G：在全国，康复中心 已经开始建造“康复花园”。these places就是指就是指 Healing Gardens 【39题详解题详

41、解】前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植 物对于病人康复的好的作用：绿色的正在成长的植物 可以减轻压力，降低血压，使人情绪良好。空后提到空后提到 “它给我们一种平和感它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用，。该空起承上启下的作用， 仍然要提到处于仍然要提到处于“康复花园康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处这种自然环境中的好处 ，空后的，空后的it也要指代这种情况。也要指代这种情况。故C选项切题：身处大 自然可以使人精神焕发。 【40题详解题详解】根据下文中提到的“the suns raysgive us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍可知，该段介绍 的阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有的阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D 选项涉及阳光选项涉及阳光。故选D：获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是 阳光。 Homework: 1.Finish the exercises on learning paper to consolidate what we have learnt. 2.Put what we have learnt into practice when doing gap-filling.