(2019版)外研版高中英语必修第一册Unit 1 A new start词汇和语法学案 .docx

1、1 Unit 1A new start 一、一、重点短语重点短语 1.be different from 与.不同2.share.with.与.分享. 3.over and over again 再三反复4.rush out of 从.冲出去 5.get to know 了解6.turn around 转身 7.find out 查明，弄清8.one by one 依次地，一个接一个地 9.depend on 依靠；取决于10.in panic 惊慌地 11.make the most of 充分利用12.look after 照顾 13.keep fit 保持健康14.argue about

2、 为争论 15.take part in 参加16.care about 在乎，关心 17.take up 占据；占用18.turn to 转向：翻到 19.make notes of 做笔记，记录20.give sb.a hand 帮助某人 21.graduate from 毕业于22.for sure 确切地 23.deal with 处理.应对24.at the sight of 一看到 25.go all out 全力以赴，竭尽全力26.in particular 特别，尤其 27.refer to 指的是，提到e to an end 结束 29.look forward to 期盼，

3、期望 二、二、词汇拓展词汇拓展 1.senior（反义词）junior 2.curious（adv.)curiously（n.)curiosity 3.impression（vt.)impress（adj.)impressive 4.tradition（adj.)traditional（adv.)traditionally 5.eagerness（adj.)eager (adv.)eagerly 6.explore（探险 n.)exploration（探险家 n.)explorer 7.panic（过去式）panicked（过去分词）panicked（现在分词）panicking 8.chal

4、lenge（adj.)challenging 9.description（vt.)describe 10.confident（adv.)confidently（n.)confidence 2 语法语法专题专题七大基本句型七大基本句型 1、语法是什么？ 语言构成的基本规则。 语言包括什么？词和句子 语法：词法：名、冠、连、介、代、形、副、动、数、量 句法：七大基本句型，三大复合句（定语从句，状语从句，名词性从句） ， 特殊句型（祈使句、感叹句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反义疑问句） 2、句子的成分问题 句子是由什么构成的？词，短语。 词和短语在句子中是做成分的。 （1）句子的基本成分）句子的基本成

5、分 主语：一个句子的火车头主语：一个句子的火车头 一个句子叙述的对象，是句子的主体。 什么词可以作主语？ Alight wind woke among the trees. （名词） Twenty years is a long time in ones life.（名词短语） No one can help you.（代词） To drink a cup of cold water in such hot weather is a great pleasure.（动词不定式） Travelling abroad is popular among young people.（现在分词） The

6、 rich are not always happier than the poor.（the+形容词表一类人） Generally speaking, what we cant get seems better than what we have.（what 引导主 语从句） It is believed that girls are good at language.（It 作形式主语） 谓语谓语 说明主语的动作和状态。谓语只能是动词或动词短语，动词只能做谓语。 He shows confidence at any time. He looked after two babies. Our

7、 school was built in 1961. This film is very interesting. 宾语宾语 表示动作的对象 Richard does not like his job.（名词） I dont know him.（人称代词） How many computers do you need? We need five.（名词、数词） Miya said that she would return soon.（that 引导宾语从句） 主谓双宾主谓双宾 直接宾语：动作的承受者 间接宾语：动作是对谁做的，朝谁做的 They offered me the job.=The

8、y offered the job to me. Please show me your ID.=Please show your ID to me. 3 主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补 宾补：说明宾语的情况 We all find Josie a good girl. Dont force such a little baby to learn. He made himself known to them first. We must keep it a secret. 表语表语 说明主语的性质、特征、身份等。判断标志：跟在系动词后 系动词： 1. be 表示“是”的时候 These are book

9、s. The winner is you. 2. 感官动词：look, smell, taste, sound, feel Julie always looks happy. It smells sweet. 3. 变化动词：become, grow, turn, get He becomes a doctor. （2）句子的修饰成分）句子的修饰成分 动词的分类：动词的分类： 助动词助动词：助动词一般没有独立的实际意义，不能单独做谓语，通常帮助实义动词 并与实义动词一起构成谓语。表示时态，语态，语气等。构成时态，疑问，否定 和被动。 be 动词：isamarewaswerebeingbeen

10、have: hashadhaving do: doesdid shall, should, will, would 实义动词：实义动词：有实际意义的动词，有及物动词和不及物动词之分。 情态动词：情态动词：can, may, could, should 系动词系动词: be 动词，感官动词，变化动词 定语定语 修饰或限定名词或者代词。 The boy has a beautiful pen. The boy there has a pen. The boy writing this letter needs a pen. He is a handsome man. 状语状语 用来修饰动词，形容词

11、，副词，或句子 Jennifer runs very fast. Ill be back in a while. 4 状语一般表示时间，地点，原因，条件，比较，结果，目的，方式，让步，伴随 等 (1) 时间状语 I often get up at 5:30 in the morning. 我常常在早上 5:30 起床。 Go along this street until you reach the end. 沿着这条街走直到到达尽头为止。 (2) 地点状语 Pandas only live in China. 熊猫仅生活在中国。 You should put the book where i

12、t was. 你应该把这本书放回原来的地方。 (3) 程度状语 He read very carefully. 他读得很他仔细。 I have quite a lot of work to do. 我有相当多的工作要做。 (4) 目的状语 Well go to the beach for a picnic this Sunday. 这个星期天我们将去沙滩野炊。 He took some change from his pocket to buy a newspaper. 他从口袋里掏出一些零钱来买报纸。 She got up early so that she could catch the

13、first bus. 她早早地起床，以便能够赶上这辆早班车。 (5) 方式状语 We usually go to school on foot. 我们通常步行去上学。 Please do it as I told you. 请按我告诉你的去做。 (6) 让步状语 Though she has a lot of money, she is unhappy. 虽然她很有钱，而她并不幸福。 No matter what happens, I will never lose heart. 无论发生什么，我将决不失去信心。 (7) 条件状语 If you dont work hard, youll fa

14、ll behind the others. 假如你不努力学习， 你将落后 于别人。 Given more attention, the flowers would have grown better. 如果给予更多的关心 的话，这些花将长得更好。 (8) 比较状语 Your watch is not the same as mine. 你的手表与我的不一样。 Mike is not as (so) tall as Jack. 迈克不及杰克高。 (9) 原因状语 We didnt go to the park because of the bad weather. 由于天气不好，我们没有去公 园

15、。 Im glad to meet you. 见到你我很高兴 Being ill, he didnt go to school. 由于病了，他没有去上学。 (10) 结果状语 The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward. 风是如此地猛烈，以 致于我们寸步难行。 He left early, so that he caught the train. 他早早地离去，(结果) 因此赶上了火车。 (11) 伴随状语 The doctor hurried off, with a medicine box under his arm.

16、5 这位医生匆匆离去，胳膊下夹着一个药箱子。 The teacher came into the classroom, followed by a group of his students. 老师进到教室里来，后面跟着一群学生。 同位语同位语 对句子中某一成分，作进一步解释说明。 This is Mr Li, our headmaster We each have a cellphone now Are you two ready to start our now （3）简单句的七大类型 简单句只有一个谓语动词 1、主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语 系动词 （be动词,感官动词： feel,

17、smell,sound,taste,look,变化动词： get,become,turn） The dinner smells good.这顿饭闻起来很香！ The leaves turn green. I am happy. She looks cool and pretty. 2、主语、主语+谓语谓语 （“谓语”是不及物动词） The man cooks.男人做饭。 The train arrives. She is smiling. 3、主语、主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语 （谓语是“及物动词”） He likes watching TV. I wash hands. She loves th

18、e man. 4、主语、主语+谓语谓语+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语 （谓语是“及物动词”、第一个宾语是“间接宾语”、第二个宾语是“直接宾语”） She brought you a picture.她给你带来了一张照片。 My father tells me a story.我爸爸给我讲了一个故事。 5、主语、主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语 （谓语是“及物动词”） They called her Iris.他们叫他 Iris。 He made his brother cry. 6、主语、主语+谓语谓语+状语状语 I live in Beijing. Shakespeare

19、 lived in the 16th and early 17th century. They stayed in a hotel. 7、主语、主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+状语状语 I wash hands before lunch. He likes watching TV in the evening. 6 七大句型七大句型连词组句连词组句练习练习 一、主谓结构 1.太阳升起。 sun, rises, the _ 2.红太阳升起。 sun, rises, the, red _ 3.红太阳在东方升起。 sun, rises, the, red, in the east _ 二、主系表结构 1.

20、我妈妈是护士。 a, my, mother, is, nurse _ 2.老师生气了。 got, angry, teacher, the _ 三、主谓宾结构 1.他两年前就不教书了。 he, his, teaching, two, gave, up, years, ago _ 2.怀特夫人照看着我的孩子。 looked, my, children, after, Mrs. White _ 四、主谓双宾语结构（间接宾语+直接宾语） 1.他给了我一朵红玫瑰。 rose, a, he, me, gave, red _ 7 2.这孩子把他的身世告诉了我。 told, me, the, story, b

21、oy, his _ 3.这件晚礼服花了他 20 美元。 twenty dollars , cost , the , him , evening , dress _ 五、主谓复合宾语结构（宾语+宾补） 1.我们选举杨林当班长。 elected, Yang Lin, monitor, we, our 六、主谓状结构 1.火车六点离开。 2.他将坐飞机去上海。 七、主谓宾状结构 1.我默默地看着他们。 2.我正在教室写作业。 Unit 1 单元测试题单元测试题 一、单项选择(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)。 () 1. Lisa practices playing_piano af

22、ter school everyday, but she doesnt have time to play_badminton. A.a; theB. the; aC. /; aD. the; / () 2. -What were you first_of the senior high life? -They were busy, but colorful. A.topicsB. impressionsC. experiencesD. journals () 3. -I think decisions made_are always bad ones.-I agree 8 with you.

23、 A.in particularB. in dangerC. in panicD. in silence () 4. -Do you have any plans for the holiday? -Yes, Im planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou. Im looking forward to_the colorful lakes and amazing waterfalls. A.seeB. seeingC. seesD. saw () 5. -It is said that 5G is coming. It will_our life greatly!-Ho

24、w amazing it is! A.improveB. figureC. argueD. imagine () 6. -I dont know how to_the old collections. -Why not give them away to poor children? A.hand outB. give upC. deal withD. take up () 7. The authors hope to inspire a greater passion for reading books in children, _in the age of mobile phones an

25、d computers. A.properlyB. especiallyC. angrilyD. normally () 8. The visitors looked at me_I had taken leave of my senses. A.so thatB. as long asC. as ifD. unless () 9. English Day is coming, and we_an English party then. A.organizeB. organizedC. have organizedD. will organize () 10. Now the voluntee

26、r is in trouble, we should_to help him. A.take care ofB. run out ofC. go all outD. give a hand () 11. Usually kids like reading curious stories which can make them_. A.laughB. to laughC. laughingD. to be laughed () 12. After several months, he became more_and relaxed in the new campus. A.unfriendlyB

27、. confidentC. excitedlyD. patiently () 13. -Tomorrow is TeachersDay. Whats your surprise for our teacher? -The first thing_I will do is to make a card for her. A.whoB. whichC. whoseD. that 9 () 14. The manager of the hotel was waiting at the gate_the guests arrived. A.sinceB. whenC. unlessD. after () 15. -Shall we go camping to celebrate our graduation of junior middle school? -_. Lets make a plan first. A.No wayB. Good ideaC. Its nothingD. I dont think 10