(2019版)外研版高中英语必修第一册Unit 5 知识清单+巩固练习(含答案).docx

1、1 外研社最新版高一英语新教材必修一外研社最新版高一英语新教材必修一 Unit 5 知识清单知识清单+巩固练习巩固练习 * 知识清单知识清单* Unit 5Into the wild 一、词汇变形一、词汇变形 1.annual adj.一年一度的，每年的 annually adv.一年一度地 2.determine v测定，确定 determined adj.坚决的；有决心的 determination n决心；决定 3.eventual adj.最后的；最终的；结果的 eventually adv.终于，最终 4.solve vt.解决；解答 solution n解决，解决方法 5.amaz

2、e vt.使吃惊；惊讶 amazed adj.感到吃惊的 amazement n惊奇 amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的 6.survive vi.活下来，幸存 survival n幸存 survivor n幸存者 7.effect n影响，结果 effective adj.有效的，有影响的 effectively adv.有效地 二、重点词汇二、重点词汇 1.seek v.寻找 【词汇拓展】 seek ones fortune/fame 追求财富/名誉 seek after/for 寻找;追求 seek sth. from sb.向某人寻求某物 seek to do sth.(=try

3、/attempt to do sth.)试图/企图做某事 2.measure v.量,测量 【词汇拓展】 take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事 in some measure 在某种程度上 economy measures 节约措施 economic measures 经济措施 measurement n.测量 3.determine v.测定;决定,确定;下决心 【词汇拓展】 determine to do sth.决定做某事 determined adj.坚决的,有决心的 be determined to do sth.坚决要做某事(状态) determinati

4、on n.决心,果断 【温馨提示】be determined(not) to do sth. 表示状态, 是一种延续状态,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用,而 determine to do sth. 表示动作,不能与表示一段时间的 状语连用。 4.solution n.解决,解决方法 【词汇拓展】 solve v.解决 常见的后接介词 to 表示所属关系的名词还有:key, answer, monument, note,exit, entrance, bridge,road,way, visit, invitation, reply 等 key to the door 开门的钥匙 answer

5、to the question 问题的答案 exit to the building 楼房出口 entrance to the building 楼房入口 visit to my home 到我家的拜访 reply to the question 问题的回复 invitation to his birthday 他的生日请帖 5.amazing adj.令人惊奇的 【词汇拓展】 amaze vt.使惊奇,使惊诧 It amazes sb.that. =What amazes sb.is that.使某人吃惊的是 amazed adj.吃惊的,惊奇的(含有被动意义,一般和 人连用,也可和人的表情

6、、眼神等词连用) be amazed at/by sb./sth.对感到惊讶 be amazed to see/hear.看到/听到感到惊讶 amazement n.惊奇,惊讶 to ones amazement 令某人惊奇的是 in amazement 惊讶地 6.destroy v.破坏,毁坏 【词汇拓展】 destroy ones hope/confidence 毁坏某人的希望/自信 be completely/totally destroyed 被彻底毁坏 destruction n.毁坏 destructive adj.有破坏力的 destroyer n.破坏者 ruin 与 dam

7、age,destroy 都可以用作动词,表示“毁坏”的 意思,但它们所表示的破坏程度及含义不同。 (1)ruin 指经过长时间的侵蚀而毁坏,通常暗指无可挽 回的伤害,但并不一定指完全毁灭。 它也可用来表示抽 象概念。 2 (2)damage 是程度较小的破坏、损坏,一般指被破坏的 物品可以修复。 (3)destroy 指彻底的摧毁、毁坏;它也可用于损坏抽象 的东西,如名誉、计划等。 7.awareness n.认识,意识 【词汇拓展】 raise awareness of 提高的意识 aware adj.意识到的 be/become aware of sth. 意识到某事 be aware t

8、hat.知道;意识到 make sb. aware that./of.让某人注意到 8.survive v.活下来,幸存 【词汇拓展】 A survive B (by.) A 比 B 活得时间长 survive the accident 在事故中幸免于难 survive frow 从存活下来,流传下来 survive on sth.靠生存;存活 survivor n.幸存者;逃生者 survival n.幸存,生存 survival of the fittest 适者生存 9.idiom n.成语;习语 【词汇拓展】 idiomatic adj.地道的;成语的;符合语言习惯的 idiomati

9、c expression 习惯表达 idiomatically adv.使用惯用语句;惯用地 10.observe n.看到,观察 【词汇拓展】 observe sb.do sth.观察某人做某事(全过程) observe sb.doing sth.观察某人正在做某事(正在进行 的动作) observation n.观察(力) observer n.观测者 11.variety n.多样化,变化 【词汇拓展】 a variety of styles 各种风格 variety in ones life style 生活方式的多样化 variety show 综艺节目 vary vi.多方面的(=

10、a variety of) through various means 通过各种途径 varied adj.多变的;各式各样的;杂色的 varied art forms 多种艺术形式 表示“多种多样”的表达还有: all sorts of people 各种各样的人 all kinds of reasons 各种各样的原因 many types of goods 多种产品 12.average adj.平均的 【词汇拓展】 on average 平均 an average of.平均是 above average 在一般水平以上,中上; 在平均数以上 below average 在一般水平以下

11、,中下; 在平均数以下 be up to the average 达到一般水平 children of average intelligence 智力一般的儿童 13.concentrate v.专注,专心 【词汇拓展】 concentrate on(doing) sth. 专心(做)某事 concentrate ones attention(effort/energy/mind) on sth. 集中注意力(努力/精力/思想)于某事 focus/fix ones attention on.集中注意力于 put ones mind/heart in(into).专心于 be absorbed/

12、buried in.专心于 apply oneself/ones mind to.专心于 pay attention to.专心,注意 concentration n.集中;专注,专心 concentrated adj.集中的;全力以赴的 14.freeze v.突然停止,呆住;使冻结;凝固 【词汇拓展】 freezing adj.极冷的,冰冻的,严寒的n.冰点 above/below freezing 零度以上/以下 the freezing point 冰点;凝固点 freezing cold 非常冷,极冷的 frozen adj.冻结的;冷酷的 freeze/be frozen to d

13、eath 冻死 15.in search of. 搜寻. 【词汇拓展】 in memory of 作为对的纪念 in favor of 支持,赞同 in honor of 向表示敬意 in case of 以防,万一 in terms of 就来说 in spite of 尽管 in charge of 负责 16.in trouble 处于困境中,有麻烦 3 【词汇拓展】 have trouble(in) doing sth./with sth. 做某事有困难 get into/out of trouble 陷入/摆脱困境(表动作) take the trouble to do sth.不怕

14、费事或困难尽力做某事 ask/look for trouble 自找麻烦;自讨苦吃 三、重点句式三、重点句式 替代词替代词 that 的用法的用法 One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly. 北美黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙是大自然中最为美妙的迁徙 之一。 句式分析： 本句是简单句， that 替代的是 the migration。 例 1 The weather today is no better than that of yesterday. 今天的天气

15、比昨天好不到哪里去。(that 替代的是 the weather) 例 2The book I bought yesterday has more detailed information about the war than that you referred to me。 (that 替代的是 the book) 关于那场战争，我昨天买的那本书比你向我提到的那 本书有更详细的资料。 词义辨析词义辨析that，one，it that 只指物，不指人。可代替有定冠词的可数名词和 不可数名词，指的是同类事物中另一样东西，即同类 异物。复数用 those。that/those 需带后置定语。 on

16、e 可指人或物。只代替有不定冠词的可数名词，是 泛指，复数形式为 ones。one/ones 既可带后置定语， 也可带前置定语。 it 代指上文提到的名词，指同类事物中的同一物体， 复数为 they。 the比较级比较级(主语谓语主语谓语)，the比较级比较级(主语主语 谓语谓语) The more we know about this lovely creature ， the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come. 我们对这种可爱的

17、生物了解得越多，它生存下来并在 未来很长一段时间内保持它在自然界中的地位的可 能性就越大。 句式分析：句中“The more we know”和“the greater the chance it will survive” 属于“the比较级主语谓 语，the比较级主语谓语”句式，表示“越就 越” (1)通常情况下，这一句式中的前者即前一个“the比 较级(主语谓语)”相当于条件状语从句； 后者即后 一个“the比较级(主语谓语)”相当于主句。 (2)该句式表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。 (3)在表示将来意义的情况下，前者常用一般现在时， 后者常用一般将来时。 (4)如果句意明确，该句式常以

18、省略形式出现，即“the 比较级，the比较级”。如 The more，the better。 例 1The harder you study，the more progress you will make. 你越是努力学习，你获得的进步就会越多。 例 2The more he explained，the more confused we became. 他越解释，我们越困惑。 知识拓展 (1)比较级and比较级:越来越(表示自身程 度的改变) (2)the比较级of the two可数名词复数，表示“两 者中比较的那一个”。 * 巩固练习巩固练习* Unit 5 Into the wild

19、一、单词拼写一、单词拼写 1._(慈善机构)is an organization which aims to help people in need. 2.His _( 每年的)income of this year is twice as much as that of last year. 3.We must_(测量) the length and width of the room to get the exact size of it. 4 If you need a nurse urgently, you can press the _(按钮). 5 The young man ar

20、e trying to _( 寻 找 ) an opportunity to show his ability to the manager. 6.We know how busy the_(教授) is now and we wont take up too much of his time. 7.It is well-known that about seventy-one_(百分 比) the earths surface is covered with water. 8 Global Positioning System (GPS) can help you find your_(位置

21、) and get to where you want to go. 9.1 am deeply attracted by the photographs taken by the famous_(摄影师)。 10.People now turn to social media as their _(来 源) of information. 二、单句语法填空二、单句语法填空 1.It is said that the town_(found) by English settlers in 1790. 2.Inordertoseethesunrise,they determined_(set)

22、off early the next morning. 4 3.Hewasstronglyagainstmyplanatfirst but_( eventual) he accepted it gladly. 4.All the_( creature) on the earth need water to live. 5.The_( happy) you are, the more friends you will make. 6.The_( solve) is not perfect but no one can come up with a better one at the moment

23、. 7.It never occurred to me that I could have an encounter _my old friend in the street. 8.In the last few years, China_( make ) great achievements in environmental protection. 9.Too much food and too little exercise over the holiday season can quickly lead_ unwanted weight. 10.Thenumberofwildanimal

24、sinthe world_( crash) by about 60 percent in the past 40 years. 三、语段填词三、语段填词 1.There are _goods in the new supermarket, and the prices_ from cents to dollars.The_ of them attracts many customers.( vary) 2.From the_ expression on his face, we knew that he was _ to take up the job, which needed great

25、patience and_( determine ). 3.It is an_ discovery so we are _at it; to our greater_, it is a disabled man who made the discovery.( amaze ) 4.The couple _the accident, but they were the onlytwo_.Theyfeltluckyfortheir _(survive). 5.The expert said relievers are a safe and_ medicineandhaveveryfewside_o

26、n your body.(effect) 6.It was so_ that the cold weather_ the lake.And I was absolutely_( freeze). 四、完成句子四、完成句子 1 We all like the story_. 我们都喜欢老师讲的那个故事。 2 _was that he had his bike broken. 他迟到的原因是他的自行车坏了。 3_broke the window? 是你把窗户打碎了吗? 4_youarewhenyoucrossthe road,_ you will be. 过马路时越小心，越安全。 5.His fa

27、ther_ the homework the whole afternoon. 整个下午他爸爸都在看他写作业。 五、书面表达五、书面表达 假设你是李华。 你的朋友 Tom 想了解中国的珍稀动物大 熊猫，请根据下列要点写一篇短文。要点如下：1.大熊 猫是中国的珍稀动物，受到全世界人民的喜爱。2.四川 省是大熊猫的故乡，在那里它以竹子为食。3.随着越 来越多的森林被破坏，大部分竹子被砍伐，大熊猫自已 寻找食物变得越来越困难。4.为了拯救大熊猫，中国建 立了几个自然保护区。5.是时候立即采取措施保护它们 了。 注意：1.词数 80 左右;2.尽量使用本单元的知识点;3. 可适当增加细节。 六、语法填

28、空六、语法填空 Every autumn, millions of the North American monarch butterflies manage 1_ ( travel ) around 4, 000 kilometres south and find their way to places 2 _ they will spend the winter.A team of scientists 3 _ ( lead) by Professor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has discovered that th

29、e monarch is able to tell the time of the day and then uses 4_ (it) eyes to measure the position of the sun.These two 5_ (piece) of information allow the butterfly to determine which way it needs to go.The monarchs population 6 _( crash) by as much as ninety percent in the last few years.7_ ( sad ),

30、 human activity is the main reason why 8_ number of the North American monarch butterflies is falling.The research on the monarchs behaviour has however led 9_a greater awareness of this creature.The more we know about this lovely creature, the 10_( great) the chance it will survive. * 参考答案参考答案* 一、1

31、 charity2 annual3 measure4 button5 seek 6 professor7 percent8 position9 photographer10 source 二、1 was found 2 to set 3 eventually 4 creatures 5 happier 6 solution 7 with 8 has made 9 to10 has crashed 三、1 various, vary, variety 2 determined , determined, determination 3 amazing, amazed, amazement 5 4

32、 survived, survivors, survival 5 effective, effects. 6 freezing, froze, frozen 四、1 told by the teacher 2 The reason why he was late 3 Was it you that/who 4 The more careful, the safer 5 watched him doing 五、参考范文 The giant panda is a rare animal in China and it is adored by people all over the world.S

33、ichuan province is home to the giant panda, where it feeds on bamboo.As more and more forests are being destroyed and most of the bamboo has been cut down, it is becoming more and more difficult for giant pandas to seek food for themselves.To save pandas, China has set up several nature reserves.Its high time that immediate measures should be taken to protect them. 六、1 to travel 2 where 3 led 4 its5 pieces 6 has crashed 7 Sadly 8 the 9 to 10 greater