（2021新人教版）高中英语必修第一册Unit 4 教材知识串讲ppt课件.pptx

1、2022高考一轮复习高考一轮复习 必修必修 Unit 4 Natural Disasters I.I.阅读单词阅读单词-知其意知其意 1. helicopter n. _ 2. death n. _ 3. crack n. _ vi. & vt. _ 4. percent n. _ adj. & adv. _ 5. brick n. _ 6. metal n. _ 7. kit n. _ 8. revival n. _ 直升机直升机 死；死亡死；死亡 裂纹；裂缝裂纹；裂缝 (使使)破裂破裂 百分之百分之 每一百中每一百中 砖；砖块砖；砖块 金属金属 成套工具；成套设备成套工具；成套设备 振兴；

2、复苏振兴；复苏 I.I.阅读单词阅读单词-知其意知其意 9. disaster n. _ 10. tornado n. _ 11. drought n. _ 12. landslide n. _ 13. slide vi. & vt. _ 14. tsunami n. _ 15 magnitude n. _ 16. evacuate vt. _ vi. _ 灾难；灾害灾难；灾害 龙卷风；旋风龙卷风；旋风 旱灾；久旱旱灾；久旱 (山地或悬崖的山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡崩塌；滑坡 (使使)滑行；滑动滑行；滑动 海啸海啸 (地地)震级；重大震级；重大 疏散；撤出疏散；撤出 撤离撤离 I.I.阅读单词阅

3、读单词-知其意知其意 17. whistle vi. _ vt. _ n. _ 18. calm adj. _ vt. _ 19. aid n. _ vi. & vt. _ 20. crash vt. & vi. _ n. _ 21. sweep vt. & vi. _ 22. wave n. _ vi. & vt. _ 23. summary n. _ 吹口哨；发出笛声吹口哨；发出笛声 吹口哨吹口哨 哨子哨子(声声)；呼啸声；呼啸声 镇静的；沉着的镇静的；沉着的 使平静；使镇静使平静；使镇静 援助；帮助；救援物资援助；帮助；救援物资 帮助；帮助； 援助援助 碰撞；撞击碰撞；撞击 撞车；碰撞撞

4、车；碰撞 打扫；清扫打扫；清扫 海浪；波浪海浪；波浪 挥手；招手挥手；招手 总结；概括；概要总结；概括；概要 I.I.阅读单词阅读单词-知其意知其意 24. unify vi. & vt. _ 25. wisdom n. _ 26. context n. _ 27. typhoon n. _ 28. hurricane n. _ 29. tap vi. & vt. _ n. _ 30. pipe n. _ 统一；统一；(使使)成一体成一体 智慧；才智智慧；才智 上下文；语境；背景上下文；语境；背景 台风台风 (尤指西大西洋的尤指西大西洋的)飓风飓风 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 水龙头；轻

5、叩；轻敲水龙头；轻叩；轻敲 管子；管道管子；管道 II.II.重点单词重点单词-知其知其形形 1. _ vt. 埋葬；安葬 2. _ n. 供应(量)；补给；pl.补给品 vt. 供应；供给 3. _ vi. & vt. 侵袭；突击；击打 n. 罢工；罢课；袭击 4. _ n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏 5. _vt. & vi. 复活；(使)苏醒 bury supply strike ruin revive II.II.重点单词重点单词-知其知其形形 6. _ n. 洪水；大量 vi. 淹没；大量涌入 vt. 使灌满水；淹没 7. _ n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 8. _ n. 突发事件；紧

6、急情况 9. _ n. & vt. 营救；救援 10. _ vt. 损害；破坏 n. 损坏；损失 11. _ vt. 摧毁；毁灭 12. _ n. 避难处；居所；庇护 vt. 保护；掩蔽 vi. 躲避(风雨或危险) 13. _ vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n. 险境；陷阱 flood effort emergency rescue damage destroy shelter trap III.III.拓展单词拓展单词-知其知其变变 1. _ n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. (使)震惊 _ adj.令人震惊的；骇人的 _ adj. (感到)震惊的 2. _ n. 电；电能_ adj

7、. 电的；与电有关的 _ adj. 用电的；电动的；带电的 3. _ vi. & vt. 呼吸_ n. 呼吸；气息 _ adj.气喘吁吁的；喘不过气来的 shock shocking shocked electricity electrical electric breathe breath breathless III.III.拓展单词拓展单词-知其知其变变 4. _ vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 _ n. 痛苦；受难_ n. 受难者；患病者 5. _ vi. & vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出 _ n. 爆发；喷发 6. _ n. 电力供应；能量；力量

8、；控制力 _ adj. 强有力的；强大的 _ adv. 强烈地；有效地 suffer suffering sufferer erupt eruption power powerful powerfully III.III.拓展单词拓展单词-知其知其变变 7. _ vt. & vi. 递送；传达 vt. 发表 _ n. 传递；交付；递送 8. _ n. 影响；结果；效果 _ vt. 影响；疾病侵袭；深深打动 _ adj. 有效的；生效的 9. _ n. 长；长度_ v. 加长；延长 _ adj. 长的；冗长的 10. _ vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过 _ n. 生存；幸存；幸存事物

9、_ n. 生还者；幸存者 deliver delivery effect affect effective length lengthen long survive survival survivor IV.IV.单元短语单元短语-再认再现再认再现 1. _结束 2. _重新站起来；东山再起 3. _ 露天；在户外 4. _现有(尤指帮助) 5. _提供；提出；建造； 举起；提高；张贴 6. _ 似乎；好像；仿佛 come to an end get back up on ones feet in the open air on hand put up as if IV.IV.单元短语单元短语

10、-再认再现再认再现 7. _严重受损；破败不堪 8. _震惊；吃惊 9. _ 是/成为的家园 10. _消灭；彻底消除 in ruins in shock be/become a home to sweep away V.V.教材句式教材句式-举一反三举一反三 1. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. (too . to .) 这个小男孩太小了而不能举起这个沉重的石头。 The little boy is _the heavy stone.too you

11、ng to raise V.V.教材句式教材句式-举一反三举一反三 2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(it seemed as if .) 好像他已经知道了刚才所发生的一切。 _ he had known about what happened just now.It seemed as if V.V.教材句式教材句式-举一反三举一反三 3. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. (主语主语beadj. 不定式不定式) 众所周知，山里的空气呼吸起来很舒服。 As we

12、all know, _ in the mountainous areas. the air is comfortable to breathe V.V.教材句式教材句式-举一反三举一反三 4. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.( make it difficult to do .) 它们不仅使人们在晚上很难睡觉，而且还损害着我们具有历史 价值的房子和商店。 They not only _ at night, but they a

13、re doing damage to our houses and shops of historical interest. make it difficult for people to sleep 1. affect vt. 影响；影响；(疾病疾病)侵袭；深深打动侵袭；深深打动 (1)be affected by 被侵袭；被感动 be affected with high fever 发高烧 (2)effect n. 作用；影响；效果；结果 influence n. & v. 影响 have an effect/influence on 对产生影响 (3)affection n. U喜爱

14、；钟爱；慈爱 sb.s affections 某人的钟爱 1. affect vt. 影响；影响；(疾病疾病)侵袭；深深打动侵袭；深深打动 单句语法填空单句语法填空 Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect_ everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life. _ (affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew

15、 there was no hope of recovery. I feel much _ (affect) for my mum, whose words and actions have a positive effect _me. on Affected affection on 2. bury vt. 埋葬；安葬埋葬；安葬 be buried in/bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于 be buried in thought 沉思 单句语法填空单句语法填空 The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, _ (bury) her

16、 head in the book in her hands. He stood on the sidewalk with his hands _(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat. When I entered the room, I found him _ (bury) his face in his hands. burying buried burying 3. suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦受苦 (1)suffer pain/defeat/hardship/dama

17、ge 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏 suffer from 遭受；患病 (2)suffering n. 痛苦；苦难；折磨；让人痛苦的事 (1)suffer 用作及物动词，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接 pain, loss, defeat, poverty, hunger, punishment, hardship, damage 等名词作宾语。 (2)suffer 用作不及物动词，其后常接 from，表示“受之苦；患某 种疾病”。 3. suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦受苦 单句语法填空单句语法填空 Later, he work

18、ed in Africa, where many people suffered _ blindness for lack of proper treatment. It is hard to imagine the pain and _(suffer) these poor people went through during the winter months. from sufferings 4. survive vi. 生存；存活生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过幸存；艰难度过 (1)surviven.(the fire/earthquake/accident .) 从(火灾/地震/事

19、故等) 中生还 survive on 靠维持生活；靠存活下来 (2)survival n. 幸存；C遗物；幸存物 (3)survivor n. 幸存者；死里逃生的人 4. survive vi. 生存；存活生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过幸存；艰难度过 单句语法填空单句语法填空 Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us _ (survive) is to live in harmony with nature. After the plane crash, what the _ (su

20、rvive) could do was to wait for rescue on this desert island. If he couldnt find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of _ (survive). to survive survivors survival 5. power n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 vt. 给给 提供动力提供动力 (1)come to/into power 掌权； 上台 beyond ones power 某人力所不能及的 do a

21、ll/everything in ones power/do ones best 尽力而为； 竭尽全力 in power 当权的；执政的 (2)powerful adj. 强大的；权力大的 (3)powerfully adv. 强有力地；强大地 (4)powerless adj. 无权力的；无力量的；无能为力的 5. power n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 vt. 给给 提供动力提供动力 单句语法填空单句语法填空 Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family

22、and thats pretty _ (power) After the new president came _ power, he took a series of measures to improve peoples life. The government has been _ power for twenty years, and is still going strong. Not that I dont want to help you, but that its _ my power to do so. powerful to/into in beyond 1. 6. str

23、ike vi. & vt. (struck, struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；侵袭；突击； 击打；敲；击打；敲；(使使)突然想起突然想起 n. 罢工；罢课；袭击罢工；罢课；袭击 (1)sth. strikes sb. 某人突然想到某事 It strikes sb. that/to do . 某人想到 (2)be struck by . 被打动；迷恋 (3)strike sb. in/onthe身体部位 打某人某部位 (4)be on/go on strike 在/举行罢工 写出下列句子中写出下列句子中 strike 的词性和含义的词性和含义 She was practising s

24、urfing when a shark struck. _ The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country._ I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning._ It struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day. _ The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turne

25、d down. _ v. 袭击袭击 v. 打动；给打动；给以印象以印象 v. (钟钟) 敲敲 v. 想起想起 n. 罢工罢工 7. ruin n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏破坏；毁坏 (1)in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪；成为废墟 (2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己； 自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉 单句语法填空单句语法填空 There is also the matter of tone (语气). Who hasnt received an email so annoying that it _ (ruin) an entire day

26、? Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists _ (ruin) the atmosphere of peace? ruined ruining 7. ruin n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏破坏；毁坏 Drunk driving not only ruined _ (he) but also killed several passers-by. When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their n

27、eighbourhood _ ruins. 完成句子完成句子 地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。 The whole city lay _ after the earthquake, which made us awake all night. himself in in ruins 8. put up 提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿 put up with 容忍；忍受 put forward 提出(意见、建议) put on 穿上；上演 put off 推迟；延期 put away 放好(某物)；储存 put down 放下；写

28、下；镇压 put aside . 储存备用；留下供专用 8. put up 提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿 写出下列句子中写出下列句子中 put up 的含义的含义 First he opened a shop and then put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers._ Those who know the answer to the question, please put up your hands._ I was hoping Kate could put me up fo

29、r a few nights when I visited the city. _ Most big stores admit they darent put prices up for fear of losing their customers._ 张贴张贴 举起举起 留宿留宿 提高提高 8. put up 提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿 完成句子完成句子 学生们提出了许多需要马上解决的问题。 The students have _ that need to be solved at once. 我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。

30、 I can _ the houses being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. 每年孩子们都把一些零花钱存起来买新年礼物。 Every year children _ to buy New Years presents. put forward a lot of questions put up with put aside some of their pocket money 9. 主语主语beadj.不定式不定式 (教材原文)Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. 水、食物和电难以获得

31、。 “主语beadj. 不定式”结构中，用不定式的主动形式表示被动 意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件： (1)不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系； (2)常用形容词有：good, difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, interesting, exciting 等。 不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不 及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。 9. 主语主语beadj.不定式不定式 单句语法填空单句语法填空 The problem looks rather easy, but in fact it is very hard to dea

32、l_. This problem is not easy _ (figure) out. with to figure 9. 主语主语beadj.不定式不定式 完成句子完成句子 在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨的空气呼吸 起来棒极了。 Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favourite. The morning air is _. 虽然李萍不健谈，但与她相处不难。 While Li Ping is not a talkative girl, _. good to breathe she is not difficult

33、 to get along with 用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Right after he _ (rescue) by the soldiers from the ruins, he saluted (行礼) and smiled at them. 2. As this lock _ (damage), this door will never open! 3. If you do, you wont be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that

34、 _ (ruin) everyones day. 4. Some miners _ (trap) underground after the sudden collapse of the mine. was rescued is damaged/has been damaged ruins were trapped 用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 5. _ (bury) in reading, she didnt notice her mother standing aside her for a while. 6. He often _ (supply) food and cl

35、othing to the children in the mountainous areas. 7. Mastering some basic skills will greatly increase your chances of _. Last week, thanks to the swimming skills, he and his friend succeeded in _ the terrible flood and they were the only two _. (survive) Buried supplies survival surviving survivors

36、用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 8. We were_at the_news that he died suddenly yesterday. (shock) 9. This area _ by the terrible flood, so we must take _ measures to help it go through the difficulties. (effect) 10. You must learn _ regularly. Otherwise, you will feel out of _ after such a long distance. (brea

37、th) 11. The road has a total _ of two miles only, so the workers decide to _ it. (long) shocked shocking was affected effective to breathe breath length lengthen 填入一个适当的词填入一个适当的词 1. Her life has not come _ an end, and she also doesnt know what is waiting for her ahead. 2. The buffalo (野牛) then tried

38、 to lift itself up with great difficulty, and after some time managed to get back _ on its feet. 3. Always have your dictionary _ hand when you study because it is very convenient for you to refer to it. 4.After the terrible earthquake, all the houses and buildings became 1. _ ruins. It seemed as 2.

39、 _the world were at an end. Despite this, all the people decided to work hard to sweep 3. _ the disaster and rebuild their home. to up on in if away 语篇填空语篇填空 The wildfires in Australia became considerably worse in January, 2020. The disaster faced by 1. _ country is far from over. Many of the fires

40、2. _ (send) smoke high into the atmosphere and some smoke turned into pyrocumulonimbus clouds (积雨云). The clouds can help a fire draw in more air and shift surface winds,3. _ (result) in fire tornadoes (龙卷风). Fires have destroyed habitats for animals that 4. _ (find) only in Australia, including koal

41、as and rare birds. It will take time to fully know how much harm the 5._(fire) have done to wildlife. the sent resulting are found fires 语篇填空语篇填空 The wildfires are expected 6._ (continue) burning for months as Australia entered its dry season. This past year, 2019, is the hottest and driest year on

42、record. Fires happen 7. _ (regular) during the Australian dry season. However, climate and natural changes are making the situation 8. _ (bad). At least 12 million acres have been burned so far in Victoria and New South Wales alone. Smoke from the fires has made 9. _ to South America. There is so much smoke that it may stay in the air for months, 10._ could have a small effect on the planets climate. to continue regularly worse it which Bye-bye!