（2021新人教版）高中英语必修第一册概要写作微技能-找要点学案.docx

1、1 概要写作微技能概要写作微技能找要点找要点 Read for the gist I.确定文本体裁 typeskey information 记叙文 narration 5W1H:人物+时间+地点+事件 （起因起因+发展发展+结果结果） 说明文 exposition 描写某事物的性质功用。即 “对象对象+性质功用性质功用+利好利好”； 针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题问题+解决方法解决方法”； 介绍某现象及其原因和结果。 即“现象现象+原因原因+结果结果” 议论文 argumentation 论点论点+论据论据(+结论结论) 1）议论文 As is known to all, spor

2、ts stars earn large amounts of money every year. LeBron James, the famous American basketball star, for example, earns an income of more than 20 million dollars a year. Some people hold the view that these stars do not deserve the high pay that they are getting. Some even say that sports stars do no

3、thing to society apart from entertaining people. Their contributions(贡献） to society are much less than those made by doctors, firemen, scientists, professors, etc. But I can never agree with that. 2）说明文 Scientists find that the hard-working people live longer than average men and women. Career women

4、 are healthier than housewives. Evidences show that the jobless are in poorer health than job-holders. An research shows that whenever the unemployment rate increases by 1%，the death rate increases correspondingly (相应 地) by 2%. All this comes down to one point：work is helpful to health. 3）记叙文 On a r

5、ecent Sunday, I was buying groceries in a supermarket when I heard the sound of a car accident. It was close but not very close, so I continued shopping. As I took a right turn on Munadhama Street, I saw a man lying on the ground in a small pool of blood. He wasnt dead. The idea of stopping to help

6、or to take him to a hospital crossed my mind, but I didnt dare. Cars passed without stopping. Pedestrians and shop owners kept doing what they were doing, pretending nothing had happened. II.寻找主题句 1.主题句在段首 1)People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they havent eaten a meal unless they ha

7、ve had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast-foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and

8、 a soft drink. 2)In the early 16thcentury, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the 2 skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king

9、had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of English in 1546. 若主题句过长，要尽量省略细节、从句，削减事例 2.主题句在段尾 Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one teach

10、ing method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time. 3.主题句在中间 1)Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding so

11、mething in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand. A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out. 2)No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago. However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a“Big Bang”that thr

12、ew matter in all directions. After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies. 关注信号词（signal words）： but, however, sadly, in fact，so, as a result 等 4.主题句是设问+回答，若过长，需要找出主要点和次要点 While sports are for fun, it does not mean that they are not important to peoples life. Why do so

13、 many people go to see football matches and NBA games？ It is because they enjoy the games, and they are willing to pay to watch the performances. Because of the sports stars, our life becomes more exciting. Some sports stars get honor for their country, and their countrymen are proud of them. They d

14、o good to the peoples mental health. 要点： So many people watch the games because the sports stars make our life exciting and do good to peoples mental health. 5.没有明显的主题句，需要自己概括大意： 1)A mother mouse was out for a walk with her babies when she found a cat behind a bush. She watched the cat and the cat w

15、atched the mice. Mother mouse barked fiercely, “Woof, woof, woof!” the cat was so frightened that it ran for its life. Mother mouse turned to her babies and said, “Now, do you understand the value of a second language?” 要点：Its important to learn a foreign language. 2)For several billion years after

16、the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. It exploded loudly with fire and

17、rock. They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapor and other gases, which were to make the earths atmosphere. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. 要点：The earth came into being with atmosphere and water on its surfaces. 找关键词：关注被重复的词 6. III.关注信号词 IV.