（2021新人教版）高中英语必修第一册了解英文句子成分(含答案).docx

1、了解英文句子成分了解英文句子成分 在句子中起不同语法作用的部分，叫做句子成分。英文句子成分 有：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、表语、同位语和插入 语九种。例如： 一、主语一、主语 主语是句子说明的人或事物，常由名词、代词、数词、不定式、 主语从句等充当。主语一般放在句首。 1. A tree has fallen across the road. 2. You are wrong. 3. Threes enough. 4. The poor cant send their children to private schools. 5. Now is the time. 6. To fi

2、nd your way can be a problem. 7. Smoking is bad for you. 8. The disabled are to receive more money.To Beijing is not very far. 9. Whenever you are ready will be fine. 10. To Beijing is not very far. 11. “How do you do” is a greeting. （二）谓语（二）谓语 谓语的位置一般置于主语之后， 谓语一般由简单动词或动词短语 （助动词或情态动词+主要动词）构成。 1. Wha

3、t happened? 2. The plane took off at 10 oclock. 3. I doubt it. 4. Im reading. 5. You can do it if you try hard. 6. We were beaten by their team. （三）宾语（三）宾语 宾语在句子中主要充当动作的承受者， 因此一般置于及物动词之 后。 1. Our team beat all the others. 2. Two weeks you shall have. 3. They wont hurt us . 4. He left there last week

4、. 5. Remember to buy some stamps, wont you? 6. He stopped smoking last week. 7. I wondered how old he was. 8. He said, “You are quite wrong.” （四）（四）表语表语 表语的功能是表达主语的特征、状态、身份等。 1. He became king when he was a child. 2. Were seven. 3. Are you busy? 4. Our dream has come true. 5. Are you there? 6. The w

5、ell ran dry. 7. Is anybody in? 8. My days work is over. 9. All I would do was to wait. 10. Is that Why you are angry? （五）（五）补足语补足语 补足语是补足主语和宾语的意义的句子成分。 补语分为主语补足 语和宾语补足语。 1. He was called Oliver Barret. 2. He was seen to go upstairs. 3. Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. 4. They named the child Jimmy.

6、5. I found the book very interesting. 6. Tom is ill. Lets go and see him. （六）定语 定语是用于说明名词（代词）的品质与特征的词或一组词。 1. She is a natural musician. 2. He must be the best violinist alive. 3. Your hair needs cutting. 4. Thats the way to do it. 5. This is a map of China. 6. The car thats parked there is mine. （七

7、）（七）同位语同位语 当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时， 一个句子成分可 被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位语。 1. We have two children, a boy and a girl. 2. They all wanted to see you. 3. Are you two ready? 4. The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. （八）状语 状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分。 1. The girl is very beautiful. 2. Unfort

8、unately, the message never arrived. 3. He lived in London. 4. It costs too much. 5. He has always lived in that house. 6. At the top we stopped to look at the view. 7. At the moment hes out of work. 8. We chatted as we walked along. （九）（九）插入语插入语 插入语是对一句话作一些附加的解释；常由形容词、副词、介 词短语、动词不定式、现在分词或从句充当。 1. The story, I think, has never come to the end. 2. To be frank, I dont like him at all. 3. Generally speaking, men run faster than women. 4. What do you think they are looking for?