Unit 4知识点详解学案-（有答案）（2021新人教版）高中英语必修第一册（高一上学期）.docx

1、第一部分：单词 1.英汉对译 tornado drogugh landslide landfall tsunami magnitude evacuate helicopter crack brick metal percent revive revival unify context typhoon hurricane tap pipe whistle first aid kit Ecuador Memphis Alberta Colombo Sri Lanka Indonesia Thailand Sumatra Chandra Theeravit 2.会变词形 disasterdisast

2、rous volcanovolcanic erupteruption electricityelectricelectricallelectricizeelectronicelectronicselectronically wisdomwise emergencyemergent summarysummarizesum 3.课本所见 reduction summary flood-hit area shelter keen deadly useless relative monitor senior release tip hook destruction minimise toctonic

3、section completely 1). Life in a small town could be deadly dull. 小镇的生活有时会相当无聊。 2). The Sudan version was deadly enough, killing 50% of those it infected. 苏丹版的病毒更加致命,致使 50%的感染者死亡。 3). The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. 趁

4、着其他父母对下一个赛季欣慰放松之时，教练能够集中精力训练孩子们。 4).I was required to read one of Bernie Siegels books in college and was hooked on his positivity from that moment on. 在大学我被要求去阅读 Bernie Siegel 的一部作品而自那以后被他积极的态度所着迷。 5). Seeing as how we got on so well together, it just seemed natural that we should hook up. 看我们相处的那么

5、好，就好像我们天生就该搭档在一起。 6). Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. 渔业和野生动物管理局密切监视并控制着黄石公园里的狼群。 4.列举掌握 slide 1). Six volunteers slid downthe cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90-minute search. (从悬崖滑下) 2). Documen

6、tary: a visual presentationsuch as a video,slide show,or computer projectno more than 10 minutes long. (幻灯展示) flood 1). Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. 成年人能够理解到处东西是什么感觉。 2). But when he finally reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: Who are you? What anti

7、que shop? 被人连珠炮般的问道 3). Donations began flooding in from hundreds of people. （涌入） 4). The project connects flooded roads and highways.（被洪水冲毁的道路） rescue 1).I was the first western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandasrescued fromstarvation in the wild. 以免饿死从野外营救的大熊猫。 2). I go

8、t a rescue call from a woman in muttontown.求救电话 aid 1). In tonights faster special, they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. 帮助（动词短语） 2). Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged.帮助（介词短语） death 1). But pronouncing the death of class i

9、s too early.但是宣布阶级的消亡还为时过早。 2). A mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. 每天只要 510 分钟的跑步可以降低因心脏病和其他所有诱因导致的早死。 as if 1). Its almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together.好像一起嚎叫好像可以帮助狼群保持联系。 2). It seemed as if everyone

10、 but me had made friends and was having fun. 看起来好像除了我每个人都有朋友并玩得都很开心。 3). When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. 当脂肪和盐被从食物中除掉后，食物尝起来好像缺失了什么东西。 breathe 1). If the air youre breathing is cleanwhich it would be if youre away from the smog of citiesthen the a

11、ir is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen.及物动词，呼吸空气。 2). If you exercise out of doors,your body will learn to breathe more deeply,allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain.不及物动词，呼吸。 3). I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly.名词短语，气喘吁吁，上气不接下气。 4). Af

12、ter climbing up a hill for a panoramic view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath.名词短语，喘口气 power 1). Psychological research shows we consistently underestimate our mental powers. 思维能力 2). More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand for cle

13、an energy.电厂 3). I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that had the power to make or break a persons world. 有能力做什么 4). It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. 强壮的, 强有力的 survive 1). Its hardly an obvious conclusion that this is a good way to surv

14、ive. 动词，生存 2). She coughed and choked and could hardly survive her first few weeks. 及物动词，熬过头几个礼拜。 3). Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival. 对我们的生存来说 crash 1).They would define the drivers role in such cars and govern how such cars perfo

15、rm incrashes wherelives might be lost. 名词，撞击，冲撞，装车 2). He crashed into a car parked there.动词， 撞上，冲入 3). In July, a sister craft of the crashed spaceplane was reported to be about half-finished.形容词，失事飞船 sweep 1). Wintry weather continues to sweep across Britain. 寒冷的天气继续席卷整个英国。 2). In times of war, go

16、vernments often sweep human rights aside. 战争时期，政府经常对人权置之不顾。 3). Did you sweep up all the broken glass? 你有没有把碎玻璃都扫掉? 4). Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden.被扫进 5). The beautiful sweeping coastline was cloaked in

17、 mist. 美丽的海岸线一望无际，笼罩在迷雾之中。 wave 1). As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. 动词，招手示意，晃动 2).Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. 名词，社会潮流，大趋势 3). Little kids and the elderly are the ones who have suffered the most from this extreme h

18、eat wave. 热浪 effect affectaffection 1). Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees professional development. 实际上 2). The changes in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. 对什么有影响 3). According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to a

19、void robots affecting the world. 动词，影响 4). To my mother, the poem revealed a parents affection when her child grows up and leaves. 名词，喜爱 length 1). At length they came within sight of the castle. 他们终于看见城堡了. 2). The movie is nearly two hours in length.这个电影几乎有 2 小时长。 5.重点掌握 damage destroy ruin这三个动词在破坏

20、程度上一个比一个严重 1). At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.有破坏性的 2). Damaged but not defeated, he was still ahead of me.收到挫折但未被击败， 3). Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly. 不及物动词，损伤，遭受损毁 4). One of the most damaging things a parent could do was to puni

21、sh their children for poor marks.令他人受害的。 5). Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.被损毁的 6). Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher could result in damage to personal property. 对什么造成伤害 7). When the war was near, Alia was worried that the fi

22、res of war would destroy the books. 破坏 8). When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. 处于废墟的状态。 9). This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who ruined it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom.完全毁掉 supply 1). Before he knew it, N

23、icholas was lost, all alone! he didnt have food, water, a phone, or other supplies.其他必需品 2). Our task is to supply vegetables all the year round. 动词，供应 3). Browns Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton. 供应商 shock 1). I was shocked wh

24、en I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.震惊 2). Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.电击 3). So scientists have come up with a shocking idea.惊人的 4). They were shocked to find two policemen standing next to it.做什么事情吃惊 5). The three of them

25、knelt down beside Juliets bed in shock.处于震惊状态的。 6). Shockingly, the two groups came up with plans of similar quality.令人吃惊地是 7).Later,Yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered little of childhood but its pain. vt.让震惊 trap 1). Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs. 被

26、包围，被什么困扰 2). He freed it from the trap.名词, 夹子，陷阱 3). Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.被困在内 bury 1). When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.锁住 2).The document was discovered buried in the universit

27、y archives(档案). 堆在什么之中，埋在什么里面。 3). I wandered into the dining room where you were buried under piles of law books. 聚精会神地做什么 strike 1). Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.突然出现 2). It struck me that playing against the other team was a great

28、learning moment for all the girls on the team. 3). Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.被撞到 4). These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since Ive begun using a smartphone.令人吃惊的 5). The snake coiled up, ready to strike. 攻击 6). The rail strike i

29、s causing major disruptions at the countrys ports.罢工 7). A senior defence official said last night that they would continue the air strikes. 打击 deliver 1). Once his message was delivered, he allowed me to stay and watch.传递， 2). I usually have fast food delivered to my office.分发，派递 3). Few want to li

30、ve without search engines or a quick delivery. 名词，派递 4). Charlotte found herself operating on damaged limbs and setting broken bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area. 动词，接生 5). In the letter,Sophia and her supporters offered to hire teachers or build suitable buildings for a med

31、ical school and to arrange for lectures to be delivered in the subjects not already covered at St Andrews.授课、演讲 calm 1). I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down. 动词短语，平静。 2). It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.形容词，心态平和的 3)

32、. Explain your frustrations calmly and sensibly. 平心静气地，平静地 4). Blue is another calming color. 形容词，令人平静地。 5). A one-on-one meeting is a calmer setting than speaking in front of your peers. 比较级，更平静的 第二部分：短语 raise awareness提高认识reduce mortolity降低死亡率 safety measures安全措施relief work安抚工作 a report on关于什么的报道a

33、s usual如往常一样 tens of thousands of许多in shock吃惊地 in times of在样的时代stay positive保持积极向上的态度 warning signs警报信号in the revival of在的复兴中 win praise for因什么而获奖wake up苏醒，醒来 in the open air在野外take turns to do轮流做什么 prepare for为什么做准备safety instructions安全指导 stay away from远离keep/have on hand保持随时在手边 in all directions从各

34、个方向in danger处于危险 run to safety逃离到安全地带follow the steps按步骤做 give somebody a clear idea of让人清楚明白put up支起，树立 supporting points论据cause damage造成损失 trap from受困于a supply of一些，一部分 keep quiet保持安静carry out执行，实施 live a new life过着新的生活help somebody rebuild帮助某人重建 out of gratitude出于感激in a wish to do想要做 give a prese

35、ntation on做关于什么的展示a symbol of spirit一种精神象征 known causes已知诱因visual aids直观教具 out of nowwhere突然地a series of一系列的 第三部分：句子 1.Dogs refused to go inside buildings. 本句应该关注的是一类词，一般情况下，表示“意愿”的动词，后面都可以加 to do 做宾语。比如：promise to do, intend to do, plan to do, prefer to do, mean to do, hesitate to do, desire to do

36、等。 练习： 1). The little boy offered_( carry) the heavy box for his mother.(to carry) 2). The lady managed_( go) to hospital before her husband came back.(to go) 3). The boy pretended_(read) his book when his mother came in.(to be reading) 4). The boy pretended_(know) all the answers when the teacher a

37、sked him the questions.(to have known) 2.In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. 本句要关注的要点是 in+段时间的短语，可以用在一般过去时，现在完成时，一般将来时。本句即为一般过去时。 练习： 1). In the coming months, we _(bring) together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeares plays in their own language.(are bringi

38、ng) 2). Probably, realization _(set) in seconds after youve clicked “send”.( will set) 3). Just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades _(go) on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.(has gone) 4). I gathered my courage, walked to the blackboard and

39、 _(work) it out in no time.(worked) 3.All of its hospitals were gone. 1). Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again. 很快庞大的鸟群不见了，再也没出现过。 2). If we dont stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. 如果我们不阻止气候的改变，世界上很多动植物将灭绝。 3). In general, keep an eye on their

40、property while they are gone. 通常就是在他们不在的时候照看一下他们的物品。 4). But once that money is gone, he says he doesnt know what hell do. 他说，一旦钱要是花光了，他不知如何是好。 5). Gone will be the days when Luxembourg has more voting rights than India, China and Brazil. 卢森堡日印度、中国和巴西拥有更多的票数的日子将一去不返了。 4.People were in shock. 本句的考点在于

41、，in+抽象名词，可以表达状态，或表示在某方面。 1). The most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger. 2). It can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence. 3). Her simple act landed Parks in prison. 4). Some wildernesses contain them in abundance. 5). It is an easy-to-read

42、collection of poems originally written to encourage in faith. 5.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people. 这个结构我们在学 native 的时候，曾经见到过类似的表达(可以说 be strange to, be native to, be alien to, be home to, be foreign to 等)，但是这些表达中的词汇都是形容词或副词，课文里用的这个 home 却是名词。这一类词 汇常见的有 way, key, soluti

43、on, answer, entrance, exit, path, bridge, door, hall, passage, approach, access 等。 1). This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island. 2). He followed the stones steps to the swimming pool. 3). The aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most effic

44、ient means. 6.非谓语动词的用法，在前面的单元曾经讲过，这里就不再赘述，将下面的句子还原。 1). Read the sentences _(describe) what happened after a huge earthquake.(describing) 2). Everyone was in shock, _(think) the world must be coming to an end.(thinking) 3). _ an emergency kit_(prepare) is also very important.(提早准备)(Having prepared)

45、4). The tsunami crashed into the coastlines across Asia yesterday, _(kill) more than 65000 people. (killing) 7.填入适当介词 1). The number of deaths stood _ 2498 and more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said.( at) 2). Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up_ its feet.(on) 3).

46、Thousands of children were left _ parents.(without) 填入适当词形 4). The number of people _(be) more than 400, 000.(was) 5). Foreign aid _(organise) for the tsunami-hit countries.(is being organized) 6). People began to wonder _ long the disaster would last.( how) 7). The number of deaths _(expect) to gro

47、w even higher over the next few days.( is expected) 第四部分：语法 虚拟语气的类型(口诀：一个 if，两个“要是”、“要不是”“三种句型”，四种词汇，“希望”你记住) 1.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.-虚拟语气 1). 一个 if 条件从句的谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式 与过去事实相反的假设had donewould/could/might/should have done 与现在事实相反的假设过去时(waswere)would/could/might/should do 与

48、将来事实相反的假设过去时 (waswere ) ; should do; were to do would/could/might/should do If I had caught the first bus, I wouldnt have missed so much of the concert. If she were a man, she would be elected president. If I were to take the exam, I would not be able to help. 2). 两个 “要是” “要不是”（if only, but for, wit

49、hout ） Without water, no living things would survive on the earth. But for your advice, I wouldnt have been where I am now. I was having a meeting, otherwise I would have come to see you off. 3). 三种句型(通常用一般过去式的形式) It is (high)time that somebody did something. Would you mind if I did something. Id ra

50、ther you did something. 4). 四种词汇 一坚持(insist)，而命令(order, command)，三要求(require, request, demand)，四建议(advise, suggest, recommand, propose)，省略 should 的虚拟语气。 The general ordered (that) all the soldiers (should ) leave. 5). 希望你记住wish Wish you could remember all the rules. 2.The soldiers dag out those who