Unit 5知识点总结与训练（2021新人教版）高中英语必修第一册（高一上学期）.docx

1、必修一 第五单元 Section Listening and Speaking 同化 He has lived in the USA for many years and gone completely native. 他在美国居住多年,已完全适应了当地人的生活方式。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)Are you a nativethis town? No.I was born in New York,but this is where I grew up. (2) Nearly 15,000 plant species are nativeYunnan Province. (3)I ma

2、de friends with the(native),and their reaction(反应) amazed me.They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had refused to sell to tourists. 2.翻译句子 中国是我们的祖国,汉语是我们的母语。 _ 参考答案 1.(1)of(2)to(3)natives 2.China is our native country,and Chinese is our native language. Point2attitude 教材 P60Wha

3、t is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning?说话人对外语学习是什么 态度? 用法详解用法详解 attitude n.C态度;看法。attitude 前常用 good,bad,positive,negative 等形容词修饰。常见搭配: an attitude to/toward(s)对.的态度/看法 have/show a/an.attitude to/toward(s).对.持.态度 take a/an.attitude to/toward(s).对.采取.态度 an attitude of mind

4、心态问题 Whats your attitude to/toward(s) this idea?你对这种想法持什么态度? He took a friendly attitude toward(s) us.他对我们采取了友善的态度。 He shows a very positive attitude to his work.他的工作态度非常积极。 Youth is simply an attitude of mind.青春仅仅是心态问题。 归纳拓展归纳拓展 attitude 容易和 altitude(n.海拔,高度)混淆,其他以后缀-itude 结尾的词还有: latitude(n.纬度)lon

5、gitude(n.经度)multitude(n.大量;群众) 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 Only when you take a positive attitudethe project will you enjoy the whole process. 2.单句写作 (1)How to face failure in exams is(心态问题). (2)I dislike him because he always(对有 不好的态度)the people around him. (3)Its time(你改变对女性的态度)now,Tom;they hold up half the sky

6、,you know. 参考答案 1.to/towards 2.(1)an attitude of mind (2)has a bad attitude to/towards (3)you changed your attitude to/towards women Point3refer to 教材 P60What do the italicised words refer to in the sentences?句中的斜体词指代什么? 用法详解用法详解 refer to 中的 to 是介词,后可接名词、代词或 v.-ing。 (1)涉及,与相关 These books refer to As

7、ian problems.这些书涉及亚洲问题。 This paragraph refers to the events of last year.这段说的是去年发生的事。 (2)提到,谈及,说起。常见搭配: refer to sb./sth.as sth.称为 I promised not to refer to the matter again.我答应过再也不提这件事了。 When I said that somebody was really naughty,I did not refer to you.当我说某人很调皮时,我不是指你。 She always refers to Ben a

8、s “that nice man”.她总是称本为“那个大好人”。 (3)查阅,参考。常见搭配: refer to a dictionary 查词典 Please refer to the last page of the book.请查阅书的最后一页。 特别提醒特别提醒 注意 refer 的过去式、过去分词和现在分词分别为 referred,referred,referring。类似的词还有 prefer,occur(发生),infer(推断)等。 联想词联想词 reference n.参考;涉及;提及 in/with reference to(所述内容)关于 reference book 参

9、考书;工具书 I am writing with reference to your job application.我在写信回复关于您申请工作一事。 经典例题 1.判断下列句子中 refer to 的含义 (1)In all walks of life,when referring to someones success,we often hear the words “concentration and determination”. (2)I have examined all the documents referring to the matter. (3)When giving t

10、he lecture,he referred to his notes from time to time. 2.单句语法填空 (1)He gave the speech without(refer) to his notes. (2)Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future(refer). (3)He likes to be referred to“Doctor Wu”. 参考答案 1.(1)提到,谈及,说起(2)涉及,与相关(3)查阅,参考 2.(1)referring句意:他脱稿发表了演讲。

11、 (2)reference句意:你最好记下那家饭店的电话以供日后查看。 (3)as句意:他喜欢别人叫他“吴博士”。 Points4、5、6all the way;despite;ups and downs 教材 P62China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times,despite the many ups and downs in its history.尽管在历史上经历了多次盛衰,但一直延续至 今的古老文明让中国闻名世界。

12、Point4 all the way 用法详解用法详解 all the way 意为“自始至终”。 She didnt speak a word to me all the way back home. 回家的路上,她自始至终没对我说过一句话。 归纳拓展归纳拓展 in no way 决不(位于句首时,句子要部分倒装) in some ways 在某种程度上;在某些方面 in this way 以这种方式 in the/sb.s way 挡着的路;妨碍 on the/ones way (to)在(去往的)路上 by way of 经由,经过 by the way 附带问一句;顺便提一下 no w

13、ay 没门儿(常用于交际用语) 经典例题 用与 way 相关的短语完成句子 (1)那个女孩一直保持沉默。 The girl kept silent. (2)他是一个很有智慧的人,在某些方面酷似他的父亲。 He is a man of much wisdom,andhe is quite like his father. (3)我决不对已经发生的这件事负责。 In no waywhat has happened. (4)那把椅子挡着道。请把它移一下。 That chair is.Move it please. (5)他们经由香港去纽约。 They went to New YorkHong Kon

14、g. 参考答案 (1)all the way(2)in some ways (3)am I responsible for(4)in the way(5)by way of Point5 despite 用法详解 despite 意为“虽然,尽管”,为介词,后接名词、代词或 v.-ing,不能接从句。它相当于 in spite of,但其本身是 介词,不能与 of 连用。 Despite/In spite of his old age,he still leads an active life.尽管年事已高,他依旧过着一种忙碌的生活。 He still helped us heartily d

15、espite/in spite of being exhausted after working three hours.尽管在工作三个小 时后累得筋疲力尽,他仍然热心地帮助我们。 特别提醒特别提醒 “in spite of/despite+n.”相当于 although/though/as 引导的让步状语从句。 尽管交通拥挤,他还是设法准时到达了。 In spite of/Despite the heavy traffic,he managed to arrive on time. Although/Though the traffic was heavy,he managed to arr

16、ive on time. Heavy as/though the traffic was,he managed to arrive on time. 经典例题 1.完成句子(每空一词) (1)(尽管) the heavy rain,he arrived at the concert hall on time. (2)(尽管) all the problems,several of the players produced excellent performances. 2.一句多译 尽管下着大雨,我们还是出去了。 (1),we still went out.(介词短语) (2),we stil

17、l went out.(状语从句) 参考答案 1.(1)Despite(2)In spite of 2.(1)In spite of/Despite the heavy rain(2)Although/Though it rained hard 或 Hard as/though it rained Point6 ups and downs 用法详解用法详解 ups and downs 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱,为名词短语 知识链接知识链接 up and down (1)上下波动,起伏 The boat floated up and down on the water.小船在水面上下浮动。 (2)来回,

18、往复 She was pacing up and down in front of her desk.她在办公桌前踱来踱去。 (3)时好时坏 My relationship with him was up and down.我跟他的关系时好时坏。 归纳拓展归纳拓展 与 up and down 结构相似的常见短语: back and forth 反复来回in and out 进进出出 here and there 到处day and night 日日夜夜 经典例题 根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)人们跳上跳下,激动地尖声喊叫。 People were_and screaming excitedly.

19、 (2)地板上到处散落着文件。 Papers were scatteredon the floor. (3)星期六他非常忙,一整天都在进进出出。 He was very busy on Saturday and wasall day long. 参考答案 (1)jumping up and down (2)here and there (3)in and out Point7date 教材 P62It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu这可追溯到数千年前“龙骨”的使 用 用法详解用法详解 (1)vt. 注明的日期;确定的

20、年代 Dont forget to date your letter.信上不要忘了写日期。 和约会 Is he still dating Mary?他还在和玛丽约会吗? (2)vi.过时;不流行 She designs classic clothes which do not date.她设计的古朴式样服装不会过时。 归纳拓展归纳拓展 date back to/from 追溯到 make a date with sb.与某人约会 be out on a date 出去约会 up to date 拥有(或包含)最新信息的;最新的 经典例题 根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)这种传统要追溯到 15 世纪

21、。 This traditionthe fifteenth century. (2)大部分长城始建于明朝。 Most of the Great Wallthe Ming Dynasty. (3)这一款是最新的,也是最时尚的。 This model is the newest and. (4)对不起,我明天不能去看电影,因为我已经跟我的一位老同学有约。 Sorry,I cant go to the movie tomorrow,for Ione of my former classmates. 参考答案 (1)dates back to/from(2)dates back to/from(3)m

22、ost up to date(4)have made a date with Point8symbol 教材 P62animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.这些 “龙骨”是古代中国人用以在上面刻上符号的动物骨骼或贝壳。 用法详解用法详解 symbol n.C象征;记号,符号。常见搭配: a/the symbol of的象征 White has always been a symbol of purity in Western culture.在西方文化中,白色一直象征着纯洁。

23、What is the chemical symbol for copper?铜的化学符号是什么? 归纳拓展归纳拓展 相关词语积累: symbolize v.象征,代表 symbolically adv.有象征意义地 The use of light and dark symbolizes good and evil.用光明和黑暗来象征善与恶。 辨析比较symbol,signal,sign 与 mark 易混词含义例句 symboln.象征;符号 The whale,like the dolphin,has become a symbol of the marvels of creation.

24、鲸和海 豚一样,已经成为造物奇迹的象征。 signaln.预示;暗号At an agreed signal they left the room.一收到约定的信号,他们就离开了房间。 signn.标牌;迹象 The gloomy weather shows no sign of improving.阴沉的天气没有丝毫转晴的迹 象。 mark n.(显示质量、制 造者或所有者等 的)标记 Any piece of silver bearing his mark is extremely valuable.带有他的印记的每一 件银器都极有价值。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)The bald

25、eagle(秃鹰)has been an official symbolthe United States for more than 200 years. (2)Chinese paper-cuts are rich in content.The auspicious(吉祥的) designs(symbol) good luck and the avoidance of evil. 2.翻译句子 (1)鸽子是和平的象征。 _ (2)如果你仔细看的话,就会发现桌子上有制造商的标记。 _ (3)在交通信号灯变绿之前不要过马路。 _ (4)她的工作出现了一些改进的迹象。 _ 参考答案 1.(1)o

26、f (2)symbolize句意:中国的剪纸有丰富的内涵。吉祥的图案象征着好运及避开厄运。 2.(1)The dove is a/the symbol of peace. (2)If you look closely,you will find the makers mark on the table. (3)Dont cross the street before the traffic signal lights turn green. (4)Her work is showing some signs of improvement. Point9variety 教材 P62Over th

27、e years,the system developed into different forms,as it was a time when the Chinese people were divided geographically,leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.在那些年间,它已经发展为 不同的形式,因为那个时候的中国人在地理上被分隔开来,许多不同的方言和文字符号随之产生。 用法详解用法详解 variety n.U变化,多样化;C品种 We all need variety in our diet.我们都需要饮食多

28、样化。 归纳拓展归纳拓展 (1)相关词语积累: various adj.各种不同的,各种各样的 vary v.相异;改变。常见搭配: vary ?i 在某方面不同 ?th?h?从?到?不同 ? 随?而变化 (2)a variety of(=various=varieties of)意为“各种各样的,种种”。其后接名词复数且 variety 前可用 great,large,wide 等词修饰。 He left for a variety of reasons.他由于种种原因离开了。 Varieties of flowers are sold in the market.这个市场销售各种各样的花。

29、 特别提醒特别提醒 a variety of 后接名词复数做主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式。 A great variety of patterns were provided to customers.种类繁多的图案被提供给了顾客。 “the variety of+名词复数”意为“的品种”,做主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 The variety of goods in this shop is rich.这家商店的货物品种丰富。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)The shop has(vary) clothes for women customers to choose from. (2)(

30、vary) of solutions have been provided for us to solve the problem.We can choose one to start with. (3)The price of tomatoes variesthe season. (4)A variety of his books(be) published in recent years. 2.根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)他由于种种原因辞职了。 He resigned for. (2)每所学校的教学方法大不相同。 Teaching methods vary greatly. 参考答案 1.

31、(1)various(2)Varieties (3)with(4)have been 2.(1)various reasons/a variety of reasons/varieties of reasons (2)from school to school Point10major 教材 P62Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.秦始皇将七个大国

32、统一为一个统一的国家,中国的文字 系统也开始向着统一的方向发展。 用法详解用法详解 (1)adj.主要的;重要的;大的(一般做前置定语) The major problem at present is how to overcome all the difficulties. 目前的主要问题是如何克服所有的困难。 A major earthquake happened in Japan on March 11,2011. 2011 年 3 月 11 日,日本发生了大地震。 (2)n.C主修课程;专业课;vi.主修。常见搭配: major in 主修 The student,majoring i

33、n economics at college,made a comment on the matter. 那个大学专业是经济学的学生对此事作了评论。 She majors in management.That is,her major is management. 她主修管理学。也就是说,她的专业课是管理学。 助记助记图解 major,minor,majority 与 minority 经典例题 1.写出下列句子中 major 的词性及词义 (1)Mathematics is my major. (2)There were calls for major changes to the welf

34、are system. (3)He majored in Literature at Harvard University. 2.单句写作 (1)He(以为专业) English in the famous university. (2)It is his inspiring words and kindness that(在中发挥重要作用)my future life. 参考答案 1.(1)n.专业课 (2)adj.重大的 (3)vi.主修 2.(1)majors in (2)play a major role in Point11means 教材 P62Written Chinese ha

35、s also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past.汉字书面语也变成了连接中国过去和现在的一个重要工具。 用法详解用法详解 (1)means n.方式,方法,途径(单复数同形) means of (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法/方式 by means of 借助手段,依靠方法 by no means 决不;一点也不(置于句首时,句子要部分倒装) by all means 没问题;当然行 by this means=in this way=with this method

36、 通过这种方式 (2)meaning n.意思;意义 meaningful adj.重要的 meaningless adj.毫无意义的 (3)meantime/meanwhile adv.同时 n.其间 in the meantime/meanwhile 与此同时;在此期间 归纳拓展归纳拓展 mean vt.(meant,meant)有的目的,打算。常见搭配: be meant to do 旨在做 be meant for 打算作.用 mean to do sth 打算做某事 had meant to do sth 本打算做某事（而实际上未做） I think the police are m

37、eant to protect people. 我认为警察的职责就是保护人民。 These chairs are meant for the guests.这些椅子是为客人们准备的。 I had meant to give you this book,but I forgot. 我本来打算给你这本书的,可是我忘了。 vt.意思是;意味着。常见搭配: mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 What do you mean by.?你.是什么意思 Success means working hard.成功意味着要付出努力。 What do you mean by saying that?你

38、那样说是什么意思? adj.吝啬的,小气的;刻薄的。常见搭配: be mean with sth. 在某方面吝啬 be mean to sb. 对某人刻薄 Dont be so mean to your little brother!别对你的小弟弟那么刻薄! 经典例题 1.判断下列句子中 mean 的词性和意思 (1)What does the underlined word mean in this sentence? (2)Dont be so mean to your friends,or youll lose them. (3)Do you mean to go to his part

39、y without any gifts? (4)Doing nothing means gaining nothing. 2.单句语法填空 (1)A car is a(mean) of transportation. (2)That room is meantour reading room. (3)In some parts of London,missing a bus means(wait) for another hour. (4)I thought I should do something(mean) instead of staying at home. (5)Thoughts

40、can be expressedmeans of music. 参考答案 1.(1)vt.意思是 (2)adj.刻薄的,小气的 (3)vt.打算 (4)vt.意味着 2.(1)meansmeans 在此作“方式”讲,其单复数同形。 (2)forbe meant for 打算作用。 (3)waitingmean doing sth.意味着做某事。 (4)meaningfulmeaningful 重要的。 (5)byby means of 借助手段。 Point12regard 教材 P62The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be

41、seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form,known as Chinese calligraphy,which has become an important part of Chinese culture:Chinese calligraphy.汉字被发展成为中国文化中非常重要的一种艺术形式书法,由此可以看 出人们对中国的文字系统的高度重视。 用法详解用法详解 (1) n.尊重,尊敬;注意,关注;问候(常用复数)。常见搭配: regard for.对.的尊重 regard to/for 对.的关注 in/with

42、 regard to sth 关于, 至于 in this/that regard 在这/那方面, 在这/那一点上 give ones regards (to sb.)代某人(向某人)问好 I have high regard for your abilities.我非常敬佩你的能力。 Please give my regards to your parents.请代我向您的父母问好。 (2)vt.将认为,把视为,看待。常见搭配: regardas把看作 Her parents always regard her as the cleverest of their children.她的父母一

43、直认为她是他们孩子中最聪明 的。 Do you regard it as necessary that we should do large amounts of homework?你认为我们应该做大量家庭 作业吗? His works are highly regarded by art experts.他的作品得到艺术专家们的高度评价。 归纳拓展归纳拓展 相关词语积累: regarding prep.关于,至于 He wrote an article for the Peoples Daily regarding how to build a harmonious society.他为 人

44、民日报 写 了一篇关于怎样建设和谐社会的文章。 经典例题 1.单句语法填空 (1)No one showed the least regardhis feelings. (2)The giant panda is regardedthe symbol of Chengdu. (3)If you ever see George,give him my kind(regard). (4)The government has declared its strong position(regard) the prevention of river pollution. 2.单句写作 (1)We loo

45、k forward to strengthening cooperation with universities all over the world(关于) scientific research. (2)Human life(被认为是) part of nature,and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature. (3)I will be more than happy to see improvements(在这一方面). 参考答案 1.(1)to/for(2)as(3)regards(4)reg

46、arding 2.(1)with/in regard to(2)is regarded as(3)in this regard Point13appreciate 教材 P62As China plays a greater role in global affairs,an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through this amazing language.随着中国在全球事务中 扮演着更为重要的角色,越来越多的国际学生开

47、始通过这门神奇的语言了解和欣赏中国文化和历史。 用法详解用法详解 (1)vt.理解,意识到,领会 He didnt fully appreciate the significance of signing the contract.他没有完全理解签署这份合同的意义。 We appreciate that caring for children is an important job.我们意识到照顾小孩子是一份重要的工作。 (2)vt.欣赏,赏识 He appreciates your talent.他赏识你的才能。 Her abilities are not fully appreciated

48、 by her employer.她的才干没有得到雇主的充分赏识。 (3)vt.感激,感谢。常见搭配: appreciate(sb.) doing.感激(某人)做. I would appreciate it if.(it 做形式宾语)如果., 我将不胜感激。 We would appreciate you letting us know of any problems.如有任何问题,请告诉我们。 Id appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.如果你能提前让我知道 你是否要来,

49、我将不胜感激。 特别提醒特别提醒 appreciate 不用于进行时。 它表示“感谢”时,常接“事”做宾语,与 thank 刚好相反,thank 常构成“thank sb.for sth.(因某事而感谢某人)”结构。试比较: I greatly appreciate your help.我十分感谢你的帮助。 Thank you very much for your help.非常感谢你的帮助 appreciate 后面不能接不定式。另外,appreciate 后面不能直接跟 if(如果)引导的从句,若接 if 从句, 要借助于 it,即 appreciate it if。 归纳拓展归纳拓展 相

50、关词语积累: appreciation n.欣赏;感激,感谢 appreciative adj.欣赏的;感激的 经典例题 1.判断下列句子中 appreciate 的含义 (1)It is difficult to appreciate how bad the situation has become. (2)You will appreciate his novels better if you have read his autobiography. (3)I would appreciate it if you can give me some advice on how to solv