Unit1 Reading 学案教师版 （2021新牛津译林版）高中英语必修第一册（高一上期）.doc

1、1 M1 Unit1 welcome to the unitincreasing 2. challenge (1) n.挑战 face the challenge面对挑战 accept/take up a challenge接受挑战 (2)v.向.挑战；对.质疑 challenge sb to sth.向某人挑战某事 (3)challenging adj.具有挑战性的 练习： (1)I want to challenge him _a game of basketball. (2)Mike found a _(challenge) job as a computer programmer. 答

2、案：to;challenging 3.lie in 位于；存在于。主语常为抽象名词。 The problem lies in how to find the right people to do the job. 4.acquire vt.取得；获得；学成；养成。强调通过持续不断的努力而获得某物。 acquire a knowledge of.学会（精通）. 2 acquire a degree /diploma获得学位、文凭 acquire taste for .开始喜欢 She has acquired a good knowledge of English. I have recentl

3、y acquired a taste for olives. 拓展： acquisition n.(1)（知识技能等的）获得；（多指贵重的）购得物 acquired adj.获得性的 an acquired taste 养成的爱好 5.put simply=to put it simply 简单地说；简而言之 6.amazing adj.令人惊异的 amazedadj.吃惊的 be amazed at对.感到惊讶 amazev.使惊讶 amazementn.惊讶 in amazement惊奇地 to ones amazement令某人惊奇的是 练习： He_(amaze) at what Be

4、njamin had done with his gift. _(amaze),the driver walked away from the accident completely uninjured. Where can you see the_(amaze) photos? 答案:was amazed;Amazingly;amazing 7.confidencen.信心，信任；把握 have /show confidence in.对.有信心 with confidence满怀信心地 confidentadj.自信的，确信的 be confident about/in sth.对某事有信

5、心 be confident of doing sth.对做某事有把握 confidentlyadv.自信地 练习： 3 (1) He is confident _the future of the project. (2) I can say _confidence that such rumors were totally groundless. (3) The players all have_ (confident) in their coach. 答案：about;with;confidence 8. make a difference 区别对待； 有影响； 起(重要) 作用 It

6、shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference. 这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。 If you do so， it will make a great difference. 如果你那样做， 影响就大了。 Does his absence make a difference to your work? 没有他， 会影响你的工作吗? Do you want to make a difference to housing issues in your local community? 你是否希望改变你所在社区的住

7、房问题? make no/little difference to.对.没有/几乎没有影响 make much difference to.对有很大影响 make a difference between区别对待 tell the difference between Aand B说出 A 和 B 的不同 be of no/little/much/great difference没有/几乎没有/有很大作用 练习： 1.单句语法填空 (1) His words make no difference_him， for he is quite stubborn. (2) The twins are

8、so alike； its difficult to tell _difference between them. 答案：to；the 9.make the most of充分利用 make good/full use of 充分利用 make the best/most of 充分利用 take full advantage of 充分利用 We should make the most of the natural resources to promote economic development. 4 我们应该充分利用自然资源来促进经济发展。 10.take part in 参加； 参与

9、 Who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games ? 谁不能参加古代奥运会? In the newsgroup,many users can take part in discussion. 在新闻组里，很多使用者都可以加人讨论。 辨析比较， join/join(sb.) in/take part in/attend 区别 join指加入某个组织并成为其中一员 join(sb.) in指参与某项活动， 口语中常与 take part in 通用 take part in指参加群众性活动、会议等并在其中起积极作用 attend是正式用语，

10、 指参加会议、婚礼、典礼； 听报告、讲座等。相当于 go to。 play a part in在中起作用； 在中扮演角色 11.equaladj.相等的； 平等的； 胜任的 vt.等于，和相等；比得上 n.同等的人；相等物；匹敌者 常见搭配： be equal to+n./doing sth.等于； 与相等； 胜任 Aequals B in.A 在方面比得上 B be without equal/have no equal无与伦比；无敌 But I was happy to help because I know it would help us achieve our dream of ma

11、king back and white people equal. 但是, 我乐于帮忙,因为我知道， 这将帮助我们实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。 We must bear in mind that wasting time is equal to wasting your life. 我们必须牢记，浪费时间相当于浪费你的生命。 She is a professional designer,so she is equal to the task. 她是专业设计师，她能胜任这项工作。 5 No man equals him in strength. 没有谁的力气比得上他。 Yao Ming is

12、 a basketball player without equal in China. 在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球队员。 练习：Anyone,whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be _(equal) respected. 答案：equally 12.goal n.目标； 目的：球门：(进球) 得分 He headed the ball into an open goal. 他把球顶进了空门。 We won by three goals to one. 我们以三比一获胜。 (1) set a goal in life设定生活

13、目标 achieve/realize/reach ones goal 实现某人的目标 score a goal进球得分 (2) (近义词) aim， target 13. balance(1) n.天平， 平衡； 结余； 余额 Try to achieve a better balance bel ween work and play. 争取使工作和娱乐实现一个更好的平衡。 He lost his balance and hurt himself when he went upstairs. 他上楼时失去了平衡，摔伤了自己。 (2)v.平衡，权衡 You have to balance the

14、 advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages. 你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。 balancedadj 保持(或显示) 平衡的 keep a balanced diet保持饮食平衡 What will happen to you if you dont eat a balanced diet. 假如你的饮食不均衡会怎么样? Many people have cone to realize that they should keep a balanced diet. 许多人开始认识到他们应该保持饮食均衡。

15、 (2) keep the balance of nature保持自然平衡 6 keep ones balance保持平衡 lose ones balance失去平衡 be out of balance不平衡 strike a balance between.and. 在间找到平衡 (3) balanceAagainst B权衡/斟酌/比较 A 和 B 练习： (1)(2020绍兴一中中期中)A harmonious socialist society can reach balance_equality and efficiency. (2) (2020黄石一中月考) It is essen

16、tial that my judgement should be_(balance) and my brain clear. 答案：between；balanced 二. 句型梳理： 1.Over the next three years，you will discover your potential while you develop as a student and as a person. 在接下来的三年里， 身为学生和个体的人你们在成长的同时，将会发现自己的潜能。 本句为复合句。其中 while“在.期间， 当.的时候”引导时间状语从句， 表示主句的谓语动 作 discover 与从

17、句的谓语动作 develop 几乎同时发生。 注意： while 从句谓语动词只能用表持 续性的状态或动作的动词，而不能用短暂性动词。 They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 我们正在讨论问题的时候，他们冲了进来。 I picked up English while I was studying in England. 我在英国学习期间学会了英语。 while 还有以下用法： (1)用作并列连词，连接两个并列分句，表示对比或相反的情况，意为”然而；而”。 I am fond of pop music while my parents

18、like classical music. 我喜欢流行音乐而我父母喜欢古典音乐。 7 (2) 引导让步状语从句， 意为“尽管， 虽然”， 相当于 although/though/as。但 while/although 引导的让步状语从句不倒装， as 引导的让步状语从句要倒装， though 引导的让步状语从 句可倒装也可不倒装。 While/Although/Though I understand you， I dont agree with you. 尽管我理解你，可我不同意你的观点。 Difficult as/though the task was， they managed to fi

19、nish it in time. 虽然这项任务很难，但他们还是设法及时完成了。 单句语法填空 (1)(2020武汉三中高一期末) Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery _another man， also intelligent，fails. (2)(2020福州期中)_the students came from different countries， they got along quite well in the summer camp. (3)(2020益阳高一上期末)According t

20、o the report， the US invested its money abroad at high rates of return，_the rest of the world invested in the US at low rates of return. (4)(2019合肥高一上月考)_it is raining hard， they continue to help the farmers harvest the crops in the field. 答案：(1) while 句意：没办法知道为什么 有人能够有重大发现，而有的人同样聪明， 却没 有(重大发现) 。whi

21、le 然而，表对比，符合语境。 (2) While/Although/Though 句意：虽然这些学生来自不同的国家，但他们在这个夏令营中相 处得很好。while/although/though 意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。 (3) while 句意：据报道， 美国的国外投资回报率很高，而世界其他国家在美国投资的回报 率很低。while 可做并列连词，表示两者之间的对比，符合本句语境。 (4) While/Although/Though 句意：虽然正在下大雨，但是他们继续帮助农民在田地中收割庄 稼。设空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”while， although 和 though

22、都可以引导让步状语 从句。 2.Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 8 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用技能和积极的态度。 本句为完全倒装句、主语为”good study habits， useful skills and a positive attitude”，因主语 较长，使用倒装结构可以使句子更为平衡。 完全倒装句 In the classroom are forty Chinese students， twenty American students an

23、d two teachers. 教室里有 40 名中国学生、20 名美国学生和两位老师。 其他可以用完全倒装的情况： (1) hero， there 等方位副词及 now， then 等时间副词位于句首， 句子的谓语动词为 be， come， go， leave， run 等表示状态或动作趋向的动词， 且句子的主语不是人称代词时， 句子要完全倒装。 Here is Mr Wang. 这就是王先生。 (3) 表示方位的介宾短语位于句首， 句子的谓语为 be， lie， stand， live， sit， exist 等 表示存在意义的动词，且句子的主语不是人称代词时，句子要完全倒装。 On he

24、r left sat her husband. 她左边坐着她的丈夫。 By the river lives an old fisherman. 有个老渔夫住在河边。 Among the guests was standing Mary. 玛丽站在客人之中。 (3) 为了生动地描写动作， 当 in， out， away， up， down， off 等表示趋向的副词位于 句首， 句子的谓语动词为 go， fly， rush， run 等表示动作的动词， 且句子的主语不是 人称代词时，句子要完全倒装。 Away flew the bird.鸟儿飞走了。 Down went the boat.船沉了

25、。 Up went the rocket into the air.火箭升空了。 (4) There be句型属于完全倒装结构，该句型中的be还可用appear，lie，live， stand，remain， exist 等表示存在意义的动词替换。 There was a small shop at the comer. 9 那个角落里曾经有一家小商店。 There lived a cruel king in the castle. 这个城堡里曾住着一位残忍的国王。 (5)为了强调、保持句子结构平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，可把介宾短语、形容词、副词或分 词提到句首，并把句子的主语和谓语完全倒装。

26、In front of the window was a skinny boy around nine years old， and his nose pressed against the glass. 窗前是一个大约九岁的瘦小男孩， 他的鼻子紧贴着玻璃。(主语部分较长，为保持句子结构 平衡，介宾短语前置，主语后置) Folded in the card was apiece of paper ；written on the card was a message under the printed“Happy Birthday”. 贺卡里夹着一张折起来的纸， 贺卡上印有“生日快乐”的字样，字

27、下面还写着一条信息。(为 使上下文衔接紧密，将过去分词提至句首,并将 be 动词和主语倒装) 特别提醒：特别提醒： 在第(1)种、第(2)种和第(3)种全部倒装的情况中主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词，则 不能用完全倒装。 Here he comes. 他来了。 Behind the counter， she stood， beautiful and pale. 她站在柜台后面，美丽的面容有些苍白。 练习：(1)Among the the crises that face humans_(be) the lack of natural resources. (2)(2020 青 岛 模 考

28、)It was the first time that I had played on the stage.In front of the stage_(be)my excited schoolmates. 答案：is；were 3.In time you will find yourself growing into a well-rounded individual. 总有一天你们会发现自己成长为一个全面发展的人。 本句为简单句， 含有“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。 “find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，该结构意为”发现处于状态”，宾语通常是名词或代 词。 该结构有以下几种形式： 10

29、 find+n./pron.+现在分词(表示主动或动作正在进行) 过去分词(表示被动或动作已经完成) 形容词/副词(表示状态) 介词短语(表示状态) 如果“find+宾语+宾补”变为被动结构、原来的宾语变成主语，宾补要变成主补。 As I grow older and wiser， I find myself realizing what an extraordinary person my mother is. 随着我年龄的增长、智慧的增加， 我发现自己认识到我的母亲是个多么了不起的人。 Even the best writerssometimes ind themselves lost f

30、or words. 甚至最好的作家有时候也会发现他们自己不知说什么好。 The child was found safe and sound. 小孩儿找到了， 安然无恙。 Jane found herself in an absolutely different world. 简发现自己在一个完全不同的世界里。 练习： (1) (2019宿迁三校质检) Towards nightfall， I found myself_(carry)out to sea by a strong wind. (2) When he came to himself， he found himself _(lie)

31、in hospital. (3)(2019 常 州 武 进 湟 里 高 级 中 学 质 检 )Agroupofchildrenwerefound _(play) on the playground. (4) The oldman found his wallet _(steal)in the market. (5) I found a number of people_(work)there. 答案：（1）carried (2)lying (3)playing(4)stolen(5)working 4.As Lao-Tzu wisely said，“Ajourney of a thousand

32、 miles begins with a single step.” 老子说得好：“千里之行， 始于足下。” 本句中 As 引导一个非限制性定语从句，As 指代后面一句话的内容。 as 引导非限制性定语从句 (1)as 引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如”之意，常放在主句之前，有时也放在主句之后或 主句之中。 As Victor Hugo once said，“Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”，and up 11 to now nobody has be enable to do this better tha

33、n Cha lie Chaplin. 正如维克多雨果曾经说过：“笑容如阳光，能驱走人们脸上的冬天。”关于这一点，直到今 天也没有人能比查理卓别林做得更好。 (2) as 引导限制性定语从句时， 先行词常被 the same， such， as， so 等修饰。 whichas 位置先行词后面主句前、主句中或主句后 搭配无动词限制动词通常为 say,know，expect，show 词义这一点正如.；正像 As is well known， we Chinese love peace and hate invasion. 众所周知， 我们中国人热爱和平，憎恨侵略。 练习：1.单句语法填空 (1)

34、_Albert Einstein suggested，thingy should be made as simple as possible，but no simpler. (2)Customers，_already discussed， have different goals than users. (3) I had coffee after dinner，_is my usual practice. 答案：as；as；as 5.Be confident， do your best and make us proud! 尽你们所能，让我们骄傲! 本句为并列句， 其中“make us pr

35、oud”为“make+宾语+宾补”结构。 “make+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”结构中宾语通常是名词或代词，宾语补足语除了形容词之外还可 以由名词、过去分词、不定式等来充当。 (1) “make+名词/代词+形容词”表示“使某人或某物变得.” Praise makes good men better and bad men worse. 表扬能使好人更好， 坏人更坏。 (2) “make+名词/代词+名词”表示“使某人或某物成为”， 如果宾语补足语是表示独一无 二的职位或头衔等的名词，则名词前不用冠词。 Make your enemy your friend. 化敌为友。 12 We m

36、ade Tom captain. 我们让汤姆当队长。 (3) “make+名词/代词+过去分词”结构中构成过去分词的动词与宾语(名词/代词)之间是逻辑 上的动宾关系，也可表示宾语补足语所表示的动作已完成。 You should make your views known. 你应该让别人了解你的观点。 I speak slowly to make myself understood. 我说得很慢， 以便别人能听懂我的话。 (4) ”make+名词/代词+不带 to 的不定式”结构用于被动语态时， 不定式符号（to 要还原）。 Everyday my parents make me have an

37、 egg.=Everyday I was made to have an egg by my parents. 我的父母要求我每天吃一个鸡蛋。 注意：注意： (1) “make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中不用现在分词充当宾语补足语。 (2)当实语是不定式或从句时，常用 it 做形式宾语，把真正的宾语后置，即：make+it+宾语 补足语+真正的宾语。 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。 练习：单句语法填空 (1) She made him_（work）day and night. (2) His kind

38、 words really made me_(happiness) . (3) The little girl was made_(stay)at home all day. (4) Eating too much made him _(illness) . (5)He made his plan_(know)to the whole class. 答案：(1) work(2)happy(3) to stay（4）ill（5）known 三.课堂练习： 1._n.&vt.挑战；质疑_adj.挑战性的；挑衅的 2._v.思考，考虑(到)_n.思维，思想；想法 3._vt. 获 得 ， 得 到 _

39、adj. 已 获 得 的 13 _n.取得；获得；学到的东西 4._n. 进 步 ， 进 展 ； 前 进 ， 行 进vt.&vi. 发 展 ， 进 步 _adj.高级的， 先进的_n.发展 5._adj.令人大为惊奇的， 令人惊喜的_vt.使惊 奇；使惊诧_adj.大为惊奇n.惊诧；惊奇 6._n.信心，信任；把握_adj.自信观的；确信的 7._ad.职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的 n.专门人员， 专业人士_n.职业，行业 8._adj.相同的，相等的；平等的；相当的，能胜任的 n.同等的人(物)vt. 与相等，比得上 adv.同样地； 相等地， 平等地； 另外_n.平等； 相

40、等 9_adj.自主的， 有主见的； 自立的_n.独立；自 主adv.独立地； 自主地 10._adj.有责任， 负责； 可靠的_n.责任，职责； 义务 11._vt.以为基础(依据)n.根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营 _adj.为基础； 基地在_n.基础；准则；依据 12._n.提议，建议，动议_v.建议；打算；求婚 13._n. 目 的 ， 目 标 vi.&vt. 力 争 做 到 ； 目 的 是 ： 针 对 _adj.无目标的； 无目的的 v.促成；贡 14._n.贡献；捐款；捐赠_献；投(稿)；捐献 15._adv.幸运地， 幸亏_adj.幸运的 n.运气；大量 财产；命运 16._vt

41、.吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)_adj.吸 引人的； 有魅力的； 引起兴趣的 答案：1.challenge；challenging2.think；thinking 3.acquire；acquired；acquirement4.advance； advanced ； advancement5.amazing ；amaze ；amazed ；amazement 6.confidence ； confident7.professional； profession 8.equal； equally； equality9.independent； independence； independent

42、ly10.responsible； responsibility11.base； based； basis12.proposal； propose13.aim； aimless14.contribution；contribute15.fortunately； fortunate；fortune16.attract； attractive 14 四.课后练习（1）阅读专项 (2020郑州高一期末) In Woods Chans class at a High School in California， students chat with each other in Spanish， Arabi

43、c(阿拉伯语) and Mam， a Mayan language from Guatemala.The students have only been in the US for a few weeks or months.Many students were from different countries last year.Woods Chan became concerned when she started hearing the Spanish-speaking students laugh when their classmates spoke Mam orArabic. Wo

44、ods Chan came up with an idea.She asked her students to take tums teaching a little bit of their home language each day.Students taught their peers(同伴) how to count from l to 10， how to introduce themselves and how to say basic phrases or words like“Cool”.Then， they recorded themselves saying those

45、phrases in short videos and wrote vocabulary words on the whiteboard.Woods Chan saw the difference in her students.She said they grew more confident after seeing their own language on the whiteboard and hearing it in the videos.They started making friends with each other across cultural lines.Other

46、students who were not in that class would come in and see something written in Mam on the whiteboard and say， “Hey， thats M am!I speak Mam!” The project also helped students under stand their peers better.Orlando ，a 17-year-old student from El Salvador， said he never knew Arabic or Mam even existed

47、before he came to the US and heard his classmates talk，Now，he thinks it would be good for all students in his school to learn a little of their peers home language.“When I first go there， ”he said in Spanish， “I thought， No one talks like me.Im the only one and I felt alone.Now， I dont feel so bad a

48、nymore.” Knowledge of other languages can help Woods Chans students beyond the classroom， too.Languages like Mam are becoming more and more common in the US.Some Oakland graduates have gone on to become Mam-English interpreters( 口 译 员 ) to help fill a lack of interpreters in all kinds of settings. 1

49、.What made Woods Chan think of the idea? A.Her students making fun of anothers language. B.Her students hardly using their home language. C.Her students being interested in learning a new language. 15 D.Her students having difficulty communicating with each other. 2.What was the students feeling of

50、seeing their home language written on the board? A. Angry but accepting. B.Excited and proud. C.Puzzled but supportive. D.Relaxed and creative. 3.What effect did Woods Chans project have on Orlando? A.It made him feel less alone at school. B.It encouraged him to get a job as an interpreter. C.It hel