句子成分&句子结构专题讲义（2021新牛津译林版）高中英语必修第一册（高一上期）.docx

1、1 / 25 句子成分句子成分 its getting late! She tried her best; she failed, however. （2）并列句的分类 能够引导由两个或两个以上意思相关的分句构成的并列句的连词有： and 和， 而； neither nor 既不 也不；not only but (also) 不仅而且; 13 / 25 both and .和都；then 然后。 The bell rang and the students rushed into the classroom. Not only did the students dance, but (also

2、) their teachers sang songs. 可连接两个并列句，含有转折关系的连词有：but 但是；yet 然而，可是；while 然而；however 然而；still 但是；whereas 然而，而；nevertheless 然而。 I think he wanted to speak, but I did not hear. He worked hard, yet he failed to pass the test. The UK is in the thirteenth position, while China is in the middle of the list.

3、 Some of the students are hardworking whereas some are lazy. 能够引导由含有选择意义的两个分句构成的并列句的连词有：or 或者，否则；otherwise 否则；eitheror 不是就是 Would you like a cup of tea, or shall we get down to business right away? Dont drive too fast or you will have an accident. Start right now, otherwise youll miss the first trai

4、n. 能够引导由表示因果关系的两个分句构成的并列句的连词有：so 所以；for 因为；therefore 因此。 I must be off now, for my sister is expecting me. The bus was crowded, so I had to stand all the way. 3）复合句）复合句 复合句有一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成， 主句是句子的主体， 从句充当某种句子成分， 如： 主语， 宾语，状语，同位语等，但无论是那种从句都不能独立存在。复合句包括名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。 When we will have the meeting

5、is not decided.(主语从句) It is well-known that many Americans like to eat Chinese food.（主语从句） Do you know when the ancient games began?（宾语从句） Thats because he caught a bad cold.（宾语从句） The idea that they would crossAsia was exciting.（同位语从句） He has a friend whose father is a doctor.（定语从句） 14 / 25 I will

6、give her the message as soon as she comes back from the meeting.（时间状语从句） 判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句： 1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. 2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. 3. There is a chair in this room, isnt there? 4. My brother and I go to school at

7、 half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. 5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. 6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. 7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. 8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isnt it? 9. The farmer

8、is showing the boy how to plant a tree. 10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. 【答案】1、简单句；2、复合句；3、简单句；4、简单句；5、并列句；6、复合句；7、并列句；8、复合句； 9、简单句；10、简单句 用以下结构翻译句子用以下结构翻译句子 主谓结构（主语不及物动词） 1 你应当努力学习。 You should study hard. 2 会议将持续两个小时。 The meeting will last two hours. 3 这个盒子重五公斤。 This box weighs five kilos

9、. 主谓宾结构 （主语及物动词宾语） 4. 昨晚我写了一封信。I wrote a letter last night. 5. 今天下午我想同你谈谈。I want to talk with you this afternoon. 6. 这本书他读过多次了。He has read this book many times. 15 / 25 7. 我们大家都相信 Jack 是一个诚实男孩。All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. 主系表结构（主语系动词表语） 8. 冬季白天短，夜晚长。In winter, the days are short and

10、 the nights are long. 9. 布朗夫人看起来很健康。Mrs. Brown looks very healthy. 10. 他失业了。He is out of work. 11. 树叶已经变黄了。The leaves have turned yellow. 双宾语结构 （主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语 ） 12. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 13. 请把那本字典递给我好吗？Would you please pass me the dictionary? 14. 我父亲已经给我

11、买了一辆新自行车。My father has bought me a new bike. 复合宾语结构 （主语动词宾语宾语补足语 ） 15. 我们大家都认为他是诚实的。All of us considered him honest. 16. 明天我要找人来修理机器。Tomorrow Ill have someone repair the machine. 17. 我认为与那个人谈话是没用的。I thought it no use talking with that man. 随堂测验随堂测验 (一). 指出下列句子中主语的中心词 The student with a book is walki

12、ng into the classroom. There is an old man coming here. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult. (二) 选出句中谓语的中心词 I dont like the picture on the wall. A. dontB. likeC. pictureD. wall The days get longer and longer when s

13、ummer comes. A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer Do you usually go to school by bus? 16 / 25 A. DoB. usuallyC.goD. bus There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon Tom didnt do his homework yesterday. A. TomB. didntC. doD. his homework (三) 挑出下列句中的

14、宾语 My mother is doing housework. I like playing football with you. You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? (四) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 Please tell us a story. My father bought a new

15、bike for me last week. Mr Li is going to teach us history next term. Here is a pen.Give it to Tom. Did he leave any message for me? (五) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. I saw Mr Wang get on the bus. Did

16、you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now? (六) 挑出下列句中的表语 The old man was feeling very tired. The leaves have turned yellow. 17 / 25 Soon They all became interested in the subject. (七) 挑出下列句中的定语 They use Mr, Mrs with the family name. What is your given name? The man downstairs was t

17、rying to sleep. (八) 挑出下列句中的状语 Every night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine. （九）指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分： 1.Whether well go depend on the weather . 2.

18、Peoples standards of living are going up steadily . 3. That was how they were defeated. 4.The nursery takes good care of our children . 5.Ill return the book to you tomorrow . 6.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other . 7.There are many film that Id like to see. （十）单项填空 1_ six years since I b

19、egan to study English. A. It isB. I have beenC. There areD. It was 2Its very noisy outside. _ is going on? A. WhoB. WhatC. WhichD. Where 3There must be_ near the factory. 18 / 25 A. a book storeB. book storeC. books storeD. books stores 4The doctor as well as the nurses _ great concern for the patie

20、nts. A. showB. showsC. have shownD. are showing 5Your son must be a clever boy, _ he? A. isB. isntC. mustD. mustnt 6The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among students inthis school. A. openB. openingC. openedD. being opened 7 I _ go to the shop today, for there is a lot of food at home

21、. A. mustntB. had toC. cantD. neednt 8 This room _ every morning. A. is cleaningB. is cleanedC. cleansD. cleaning 9Glad to meet you! _ is your full name? A. WhatB. WhereC. HowD. Who 10He is _ to lift the heavy box. A. too weak B. weak tooC. enough weak D. weak enough 11The days are _ warmer and warm

22、er in spring. A. gettingB. lookingC. seemingD. going 12His job is_English. A. teachB. to teachC. taughtD. teaches 13We should get ready_ others. A. helpingB. to helpC. helpD. help with 14Let _ do it again. A. IB. meC. heD. she 15I found _ difficult to work together with him. A. itB. itsC. thatD. tho

23、se 答案答案 操练操练 1： 请指出下列句中的主语。请指出下列句中的主语。 19 / 25 1. The teacher with two of her students is walking into the classroom. 2. There is a bird flying in the sky. 3. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. 操练操练 2：请选出下列句中的谓语。请选出下列句中的谓语。 1. I dont like the picture on the wall. 2. Do you usual

24、ly go to school by bus? 3. What I want to tell you is this. 操练操练 3： 请挑出下列句中的宾语。请挑出下列句中的宾语。 1.My mother is doing housework. 2.I like playing football with you. 3. How many new words did you learn last class? 操练操练 4： 请划出下列句中的直接宾语和间接宾语。请划出下列句中的直接宾语和间接宾语。 1. Please tell us a story. 2. My father bought a

25、 new computer for me last week. 3. Mr. Brown is going to teach us chemistry next term. 操练操练 5：请划出下列句中的定语。：请划出下列句中的定语。 1. What is your family name? 2. The boy in blue is Tom. 3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. 4. There are five boys who will play the game. 操练操练 6：请划出下列句中的状语。：请划出下列句中的状语。 1. Ev

26、ery night he practices playing the piano. 2. We must work hard to pass the exam. 3. She loves the library because she loves books. 操练操练 7： 请找出下列句中的宾语补足语。请找出下列句中的宾语补足语。 1. We call her Lily sometimes. 2. I saw Jerry get on the bus. 操练操练 8：请划出下列句中的表语。：请划出下列句中的表语。 1.The leaves have turned yellow. 2. She

27、 was the first to learn about it. 3. The old man is feeling better now. 20 / 25 4. The kids are really interested in joining the chess club. 当堂检测当堂检测 (一一). 指出下列句子中主语的中心词指出下列句子中主语的中心词 The student with a book is walking into the classroom. There is an old man coming here. The useful dictionary was giv

28、en by my mother last year. To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult. (二二) 选出句中谓语的中心词选出句中谓语的中心词B A C A C (三三) 挑出下列句中的宾语挑出下列句中的宾语 My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. How many new words

29、did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? (四四) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 Please tell us a story. My father bought a new bike for me last week. Mr Li is going to teach us history next term. Here is a pen.Give it to Tom. Did he leave any messag

30、e for me? (五五) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. I saw Mr Wang get on the bus. Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now? (六六) 挑出下列句中的表语挑出下列句中的表语 21 / 25 The old man was

31、feeling very tired. 2 2The leaves have turned yellow. 3 3Soon They all became interested in the subject. (七七) 挑出下列句中的定语挑出下列句中的定语 They use Mr, Mrs with the family name. What is your given name? 4 4The man downstairs was trying to sleep. (八八) 挑出下列句中的状语挑出下列句中的状语 Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

32、 He began to learn English when he was eleven. 1 1With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. 2 2The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine. 3 3（九）指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：（九）指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分： 1.Whether well go depend on the weather .（主语）（主语） 2. Peoples standards of living are g

33、oing up steadily .（谓语）（谓语） 3. That was how they were defeated.（表语）（表语） 4.The nursery takes good care of our children . （宾语）（宾语） 5.Ill return the book to you tomorrow .（宾语补足语）（宾语补足语） 6.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other . （状语）（状语） 7.There are many film that Id like to see.（定语）（定语） （十）单项填空

34、（十）单项填空 15AB AB B6-10C D CAA11-15AAB BA 22 / 25 一、一、分析下列句子成分分析下列句子成分 1. Our school is not far from my home. 2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you 3.All of us considered him honest. 4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes. 5. He broke a piece of glass. 6. He made it clear that he woul

35、d leave the city 7. -I love you more than her，child 8. Tees turn green when spring comes. 9. They pushed the door open. 10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 11. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends. 12.All the students think highly of his teaching 13. We need a place twice

36、larger than this one. 14. He asked us to sing an English song. 15. Dont get nervous，help yourself to what you like 16.We will make our school more beautiful. 17. He didnt comeThat is why he didnt know 18. She showed us her many of her pictures. 19. The old man lives a lonely life. 20. Luckily the 19

37、89 earthquake did not happen in the center of town. 参考答案： 1. 主语 系动词 表语 2. 主语 系动词 表语 23 / 25 3. 主语 动词 宾语 宾语补足语 4. 主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语 5. 主语 及物动词 宾语 6. 主语 动词 形式宾语 it 宾语补足语+宾语 7. 主语 及物动词 宾语 8. 主语 系动词 表语 9. 主语 动词 宾语 宾语补足语 10. 主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语 11. 主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语 12 主语 及物动词 宾语 13. 主语 及物动词 宾语 14. 主语 动词 宾语 宾语补足语 1

38、5. 主语 系动词 表语 16. 主语 动词 宾语 宾语补足语 17. 主语 系动词 表语 18. 主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语 19. 主语 不及物动词 20. 主语 不及物动词 二、区分复合句，简单句，并列句。 I hope you are very well. Im fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and Im helping my Dad on the farm. August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harve

39、st, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. We have a lot of machines on the farm.Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men w

40、orking for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesnt often rain in the summer here.As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden. M

41、ost Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time. These parties often make us very happy. We cook meat 24 / 25 on an open fire outside. Its great! Americans eat a lot of meat too much in my opinion. Some of my friends drink beer. I dont, because I have to drive home after the party. In y

42、our letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States. There are five different time areas in the States. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time. How many different time areas do you have in China？Well, I must stop and get some sleep. Please give my best regards to your

43、 parents. 参考答案： I hope you are very well （复合句） . Im fine, but tired （简单句） . Right now it is the summer vacation and Im helping my Dad on the farm（并列句）.August is the hottest month here（简单句）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（并列句） Sometimes we go on

44、 working after dark by the lights of our tractors（简单句）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat（并列 复合句）. We have a lot of machines on the farm（简单句）.Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him （复合句） . But he employs more men

45、 for the harvest （简单句） . My brother takes care of the vegetable garden （简单句） . It doesnt often rain in the summer here （简单句） .As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden （简单句） . Every evening we pump water from a well （简单句） . It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden（简单句）.

46、Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time（简单句）. These parties often make us very happy（简 单句） . We cook meat on an open fire outside （简单句） . Its great （ 简单句） !Americans eat a lot of meat too much in my opinion （简单句） . Some of my friends drink beer （简单句） . I dont, because I have to

47、 drive home after the party （复合句）. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States（简单句）. There are five different time areas in the States（简单句）. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time（简单句）. How many different time areas do you have in China （简单句） ? Well, I must stop and get some sleep （简单句） . Please give my best regards to your parents（简单句）. 25 / 25