人教版九年级Unit 6 When was it invented -Section A Grammar focus 4a—4c-ppt课件-(含教案+微课+音频+素材)-市级公开课-(编号：806b6).zip

Unit6 When was it invented? Grammar focus 4a4c 被动语态被动语态 链接中考链接中考 巩固与提升巩固与提升 变被动语态需变被动语态需 要注意的问题要注意的问题 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成 主动语态变为被主动语态变为被 动语态的方法动语态的方法 被动语态的意义被动语态的意义 被动语态的使用被动语态的使用 课程思维导图课程思维导图 一、一、 语态分类及意义语态分类及意义 英英语语动动词词有有两两种种语语态态，主主动动语语态态和和被被动动语语态态。主主动动语语态态表表示示 主语主语 是动作的是动作的 执行者执行者 ，被动语态表示，被动语态表示 主语主语 是动作的是动作的 承受者承受者 。如：。如： Many people speak English. (主动语态主动语态 ) English is spoken by many people.(被动语态被动语态 ) 汉汉语语中中常常用用“被被”、“给给”、“由由”、“受受”等等词词来来表表示示被被动动，而而英英语语 用：用： 助动词助动词 bebe + + 及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词构成。构成。 二、二、 被被 动动 语语 态态 的的 使使 用用 1 1. .当当不不知知道道或或没没有有必必要要指指出出动动作作的的执执行行者者时时，常常用用被被动动语语态态，这这时时往往往往不不用用b by y 短语。短语。 SomeSome newnew computerscomputers werewere stolenstolen lastlast night.(night.(一些新电脑昨晚被盗了）一些新电脑昨晚被盗了） 2.2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用byby 短语。短语。 TheThe tigertiger waswas killedkilled byby Mike.(Mike.(老虎被迈克杀死了老虎被迈克杀死了) ) 3.3.当动作的执行者是事物时，多用被动语态。当动作的执行者是事物时，多用被动语态。 TheThe windowwindow waswas blownblown byby wind.(wind.(窗户被风吹开了）窗户被风吹开了） 三、被三、被 动动 语语 态态 的的 构构 成成 构成：助动词构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（及物动词的过去分词（be+done ） 动词的过去分词的构成动词的过去分词的构成 规则变化规则变化不规则变化不规则变化 1,2,3,4.AAA,AAB,ABA,ABB,ABC 1.一般情况，加-ed 2.以e结尾的动词，加-d 3.以重读闭音节重读闭音节结尾的动词末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写双写这个辅音字母， 再加-ed. stop-stoppd(停止)plan-planned(计划)shop-shopped(购物) prefer-preferred(更喜欢)beg-begged(恳求)chat-chatted(闲谈) drag-dragged(拉；拽)kid-kidded(开玩笑)sum-summed(总结) permit-permitted(允许)regret-regretted(后悔)drop-dropped(雨滴等下落 ) 4.以辅音字母辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i,再加-ed. study-studiedcarry-carriedworry-worried （一）动词过去式及过去分词规则变化（一）动词过去式及过去分词规则变化 1. AAA型型（原形原形原形） costcostcost花费 cutcutcut割,切 putputput放下 2. hurthurthurt伤害 readreadread读 2.AAB型型（原形原形过去分词） beatbeatbeaten赢，打败 3. ABA型型 （原形过去式原形） runranrun跑 comecamecome来 becomebecamebecome变 （二）动词过去式及过去分词不规则变化（二）动词过去式及过去分词不规则变化 4.ABB型型 1）原形oughtought bringbroughtbrought带来 buyboughtbought买 fightfoughtfought打架 thinkthoughtthought思考 2）原形aught aught catchcaughtcaught捉,抓 teachtaughttaught教 3）变其中一个辅音字母 buildbuiltbuilt建造 makemademade制造 sendsentsent送，寄 spendspentspent花费 4）变其中一个元音字母 getgotgot得到 winwonwon赢 sitsatsat坐 digdugdug挖 5.ABC型型 1）原形 过去式 过去分词 原形原形 ewown flyflewflown飞 growgrewgrown生长 knowknewknown知道 throwthrewthown扔 2）iau beginbeganbegun开始 drinkdrankdrunk喝 singsangsung唱 swimswamswum游 3）原形原形 过去式过去式 过去式过去式+n+n choosechosechosen选择 stealstolestolen偷 speakspokespoken说 breakbrokebroken破碎,折断 4）原形原形 过去式过去式 原形原形+ +（e e）n n eatateeaten吃 fallfellfallen落下 givegavegiven给 seesawseen看 被动语态的构成：被动语态的构成： 助动词助动词be+及物动词的过去及物动词的过去分词分词 （be+done） 注意注意: 被动语态的否定句：主语被动语态的否定句：主语+be not +done 被动语态一般疑问句：被动语态一般疑问句：Be+主语主语+done? 特殊疑问句的被动语态：特殊疑问词特殊疑问句的被动语态：特殊疑问词+be+主主 语语+done? 被动语态在八种常用时态中的构成被动语态在八种常用时态中的构成 想一想想一想 ： 一般现在时：一般现在时： 一般过去时：一般过去时： 一般将来时：一般将来时： 过去将来时：过去将来时： 现在进行时：现在进行时： 过去进行时：过去进行时： 现在完成时：现在完成时： 过去完成时：过去完成时： amam / / is is / / areare +done+done havehave / / hashas + + beenbeen + + donedone amam / / is is / / areare + + beingbeing + + donedone waswas / / werewere + + beingbeing + + d do on ne e shouldshould / / wouldwould + + bebe + +d do on ne e shallshall / / willwill +be+be+ donedone waswas / / werewere + + donedone（重重点点掌掌握握） hadhad + + beenbeen + + d do on ne e 含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：should /would /must + be +done 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 My aunt invited me to her dinner party. 主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语 主动语态：主动语态： 1.1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 2 2. .把把主主动动语语态态的的谓谓语语变变成成被被动动语语态态的的b be e + + 过过去去分分词词，时时态态要要与与原原句句保保持持一一致致。 3 3. .把把主主动动语语态态的的主主语语变变为为介介词词b by y的的宾宾语语，放放在在被被动动语语态态里里谓谓语语动动词词之之后后，b by y 短短 语语 可以省略可以省略 。 口诀：口诀： 宾变主，主变宾，宾变主，主变宾，by短语短语后面跟。后面跟。 谓语动词变被动，谓语动词变被动，be后后“过分过分”来使用。来使用。 被动语态被动语态 ： was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party. I 主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语 1 1. . 在在s se ee e, , w wa at tc ch h, , h he ea ar r, , n no ot ti ic ce e, , m ma ak ke e, , f fe ee el l , ,l li is st te en n t to o, , l lo oo ok k a at t 等等感感官官动动词词后后加加省省略略t to o的的不不定定式式，但但改改成成被被动动语语态态后后要要把把省省略略的的t to o加加 上，即上，即be seen/watched/heard/noticed/madeto do sth. 巩固练习：巩固练习：1)The boss made the workers work for 8 hours every day. 2) I saw a thief steal a wallet just now. The workers were made to work for 8 hours every day. A thief was seen to steal a wallet just now. （主主动动语语态态） We often hear him play the guitar. He is often heard to play the guitar. （被动语态）（被动语态） 巩固与提升：巩固与提升：Mary taught us English last year. We were taught English by Mary last year. 2.2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变 为主语为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语另一个不动，一般变间接宾语( (指人指人) )为主语时比较多。为主语时比较多。 eg: My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. (把下列句子改为被动语态）把下列句子改为被动语态） 1. They sold the fridge at a low price. 2.Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. 3.Where did you take these photo. 4.Our parents advised us not to go out alone. 5.Different writers translated the book into different language The fridge was sold at a low price. My camera was stolen by somebody from my hotel room. Where were these photos taken? We were advised not to go out alone by our parents. The book was translated into different languages by different writers . 4a Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. (用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空）用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空） 1.You _ to the party last night,werent you ? Why didnt you go? 2.The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _ to a safe place. 3.The door _ when we arrived ,so we _the bell. 4.The students _ not to eat or drink in class,but Ruby _the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class. 5.The cookies _ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes ,and they really _them. were invited were brought was lockedrang was toldbroke were eaten liked 4b 3 )祈使句一般没有被动语态。祈使句一般没有被动语态。 2)有些有些及物动词或动词短及物动词或动词短没有没有被动语态，如被动语态，如：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, agree with, succeed in, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。等。 4) 系动词没有被动态系动词没有被动态 。如：。如： appear, be, become, fall, feel, get，grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等等。 5)有些动词既是及物有些动词既是及物动词动词又是不及物又是不及物动词动词，当它们和，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时等副词连用时 ，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态, , 常见的有：常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。等。 1)不及物动词及不及物动词及一些不及物动词短语一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态。没有被动语态。 eg：happen, take place, last, come true, die, remain, succeed, fall, arrive 等。 1.Tea _ (grow)in the south of China. 2.Old people must _(look after) well . 3. Great changes_(take place )in the past ten years in China. 4.The silk_ (feel)very soft. 5. The teapot _(fill with )water。 Fill in the blanks with the correct voice.(用正确的语态填空用正确的语态填空) is grown feels have taken place is filled with be looked after Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences . Write the correct forms in the blanks. (判断句子的语态，然后用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空）判断句子的语态，然后用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空） The telephone _ (invite) by Alxander Graham Bell .He _ (born) in 1847.Mr. Bell_ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. In1875,Mr.Bell_ (learn)how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone.Finally, the telephone _ (invent)in 1876.The first sentence that _(say)on the telephone by Mr.Watson was “come here;I want to see you.”Today the telephone _(use)around the world. 4c was invented was bornworked learned was invented was said was used 1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _ for cutting things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month. The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. 3. We found the ticket on the floor . _ _ _ _ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She _ _ to return the book in time. 5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day. He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day. are used are cleaned The ticket was found was told was made to have 六、巩固与提升六、巩固与提升 把下列主动语态改为被动语态把下列主动语态改为被动语态 ( ) 1.The book _into many other languages last year.(长春市长春市2013年中考）年中考） A.translated B.be translating C. was translated D. translate ( )2.Light bulbs _by Thomas Edison more than one hundred years ago. (长春市长春市2014年中考）年中考） A. invent B. invented C. are inventing D. were invented ( ) 3. She _to give a talk about to save water yesterday. (长春市长春市2015年中考）年中考） A.invite B. invited C.is invited D. was invited ( ) 4. Chinese New Year _the Spring Festival. People often eat dumplings. (长春市长春市2016年中考）年中考） A. is called B. was called C. calls D. called ( ) 5. Thanks to the government,several new primary school _in my hometown last year . (长春市长春市2017年中考）年中考） A. build B. built C. are built D. were built D C D A D ( ) 6.Can you sing the English song?(吉林省吉林省2013年中考）年中考） Yes,a little .It _on the radio yesterday. A.taught B.is taught C.was taught ( ) 7.Whats your family rule ,Sam? (吉林省吉林省2014年中考）年中考） Well, I _to go out with friends on school night. A.dont allow B.isnt allowed C. am not allowed ( ) 8.The telephone _by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. (吉林省吉林省2015年中考）年中考） A. is invented B. invented C.was invented ( )9.Rice _by hand in many countries,such as China and India. (吉林省吉林省2016年中考）年中考） A.grows B. is grown C.grew ( )10.Both Lily and Lucy_to the party yesterday,but they didnt come at all. (吉林省吉林省 2017年中考年中考 ) A. invited B.was invited C. were invited C C B C C 被动语态被动语态 链接中考链接中考 巩固与提升巩固与提升 变被动语态需变被动语态需 要注意的问题要注意的问题 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成 主动语态变为被主动语态变为被 动语态的方法动语态的方法 被动语态的被动语态的 意义意义 被动语态的使用被动语态的使用 summary 1. Sort out English notes after class. 2. Finish the papers with passive voice. 各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词 do 为例） 1一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done） 如：English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。 Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。 The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。 2一般过去时(was/ were +done) 如：The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。 He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。 My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。 3一般将来时过去将来时(will/ shall be +done；would/should be +done) 如：A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。 A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。 I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。 4.过去将来时(would/should be +done) I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认 为将有数千人得到帮助。 5 现在进行时过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done) 如：The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。 A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。 6. 过去进行时(was/ were being +done) 如：The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。 A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。 7现在完成时(have/ has been + done) 如：Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。 The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。 8过去完成时(had been+done) 如：They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说他们已经被邀请参加晚会了。 She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧 毁。 He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died. 他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。 含有情态动词的被动语态 Should/could/must + be done 如:Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 被动语态学习任务单被动语态学习任务单 一、语一、语 态态 分分 类类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语 态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： Many people speak English. (主动语态主动语态) English is spoken by many people.(被动语态被动语态) 汉语中常用汉语中常用“被被” 、 “给给” 、 “由由” 、 “受受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词 be + 及物及物 动词的过去分词构成。动词的过去分词构成。 二、被二、被 动动 语语 态态 的的 使使 用用 1.1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用 byby 短语短语 SomeSomeSome newnewnew computerscomputerscomputers werewerewere stolenstolenstolen lastlastlast night.(night.(night.(一些新电脑昨晚被盗了）一些新电脑昨晚被盗了）一些新电脑昨晚被盗了）一些新电脑昨晚被盗了） 2.2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用 byby 短语。短语。 TheTheThe tigertigertiger waswaswas killedkilledkilled bybyby Mike.(Mike.(Mike.(老虎被迈克杀死了老虎被迈克杀死了老虎被迈克杀死了老虎被迈克杀死了) ) ) 3.3. 当动作的执行者是事物时，多用被动语态。当动作的执行者是事物时，多用被动语态。 TheTheThe windowwindowwindow waswaswas blownblownblown bybyby wind.(wind.(wind.(窗户被风吹开了）窗户被风吹开了）窗户被风吹开了）窗户被风吹开了） 三、动词过去式及过去分词规则变化三、动词过去式及过去分词规则变化 1.一般情况，加一般情况，加-ed 2.以以 e 结尾的动词，加结尾的动词，加-d 3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，以重读闭音节结尾的动词末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母， 再加再加-ed . stop-stoppd (停止停止) plan-planned (计划计划) shop-shopped (购物购物 ) prefer-preferred (更喜欢更喜欢) beg-begged (恳求恳求 ) chat-chatted ( 闲谈闲谈) drag-dragged (拉；拽拉；拽) kid-kidded (开玩笑开玩笑) sum-summed (总结总结 ) permit- permitted (允许允许) regret-regretted(后悔后悔 ) drop-dropped (雨滴等下落雨滴等下落) 4.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，变结尾的动词，变 y 为为 i,再加再加-ed. study-studied carry-carried worry-worried 动词过去式及过去分词不规则变化动词过去式及过去分词不规则变化 1.AAA 型（原形型（原形 原形原形 原形）原形） cost cost cost 花费花费 cut cut cut 割割,切切 put put put 放下放下 hurt hurt hurt 伤伤 害害 read read read 读读 2. AAB 型型 （原形（原形 原形原形 原形）原形） beat beat beaten 赢，打败赢，打败 3. ABA 型型 （原形（原形 过去式过去式 原形）原形） run ran run 跑跑 come came come 来来 become became become 变变 4.ABB 型型 1)原形原形 ought ought bring brought brought 带来带来 buy bought bought 买买 fight fought fought 打架打架 think thought thought 思考思考 2)原形原形 aught aught catch caught caught 捉，抓捉，抓 teach taught taught 教教 3) 变其中一个辅音字母变其中一个辅音字母 build built built 建造建造 make made made 制造制造 send sent sent 送，寄送，寄 spend spent spent 花费花费 4)变其中一个元音字母变其中一个元音字母 get got got(ten) 得到得到 win won won 赢赢 sit sat sat 坐坐 digdig dugdug dugdug 挖挖 5.ABC 型型 1）原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 原形原形 ew own fly flew flown 飞飞 grow grew grown 生长生长 know knew known 知道知道 throw threw thown 扔扔 2） i a u begin began begun 开始开始 drink drank drunk 喝喝 sing sang sung 唱唱 swim swam swum 游游 3）原形原形 过去式过去式 过去式过去式+n+n choose chose chosen 选择选择 steal stole stolen 偷偷 speak spoke spoken 说说 break broke broken 破碎破碎, ,折断折断 4）原形原形 过去式过去式 原形原形+ +（e e）n n eat ate eaten 吃吃 fall fell fallen 落下落下 give gave given 给给 see saw see 看看 四四 、被动语态的人称和数的变化以及在八种常用时态中的构成、被动语态的人称和数的变化以及在八种常用时态中的构成 被动语态人称和数的变化主要体现在被动语态人称和数的变化主要体现在 be 的变化上，的变化上， 其形式与其形式与 be 的变化形式完全一样，八大时态中的构成列表如下：的变化形式完全一样，八大时态中的构成列表如下： 一般现在时：一般现在时：am / is / are +done 一般过去时：一般过去时：was / were +done 一般将来时：一般将来时：shall / will + done 过去将来时：过去将来时：should / would + done 现在进行时：现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：过去进行时：was / were + being + done 现在完成时：现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：过去完成时：had + been + done 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词(can/may/must )+be done 五、不用被动语态的几种情况五、不用被动语态的几种情况 1)不及物动词及一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态。不及物动词及一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态。 eg：happen, take place, last, come true, die, remain, succeed, fall, arrive, break out, belong to, lose heart, add up to 等。等。 Great changes havent taken place in that city That bike doesnt belong to Mike. 2)有些及物动词或动词短没有被动语态，如：有些及物动词或动词短没有被动语态，如：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, agree with, succeed in, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to 等。等。 3)祈使句一般没有被动语态。祈使句一般没有被动语态。 【正正】Look at the blackboard，please 【误误】The blackboard is looked at by you 4)系动词没有被动态系动词没有被动态 The fish tastes good. 这鱼味道很好。这鱼味道很好。 The scarf feels soft. 这条围巾摸上去很软这条围巾摸上去很软 5)有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，当它们和有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，当它们和 well, badly, easily 等副等副 词连用时，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态词连用时，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态, , 常见的有：常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。等。 The book sells well. 这书很好卖。这书很好卖。 This kind of cloth washes very well.这种布很好洗。这种布很好洗。 The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写字很流畅。这支笔写字很流畅。 Unit6 When was it invented? Grammar focus 4a4c 被动语态被动语态 链接中考链接中考 巩固与提升巩固与提升 被动语态需要被动语态需要 注意的问题注意的问题 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成 主动语态变为被主动语态变为被 动语态的方法动语态的方法 意义意义 被动语态的使用被动语态的使用 课程流程图课程流程图 ( (一一) ) 语语 态态 分分 类类 英英语语动动词词有有两两种种语语态态，主主动动语语态态和和被被动动语语态态。主主动动语语态态表表示示 主语主语 是动作的是动作的 执行者执行者 ，被动语态表示，被动语态表示 主语主语 是动作的是动作的 承受者承受者 。