（2021新外研版）高中英语必修第一册Unit 4单词讲解.docx

1、1 Unit 4 Friends forever Prefervt.(_, _ pp pt) 1 更喜欢；更愿意：不用于进行时 prefer sb / sth to do sth: Id prefer you to start early. I prefer my English classes to be taught in English only. prefer to do sth / doing sth: Some people prefer to do almost everything over the Internet. I prefer shutting myself in a

2、nd listening to music all day on Sunday. prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth: I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better. I would prefer reading books to watching television. prefer + that 从句：从句： They preferred the money (should) be used for building schools and hospitals. I wou

3、ld prefer that you didnt mention my name. Tea or coffee? Id prefer tea, thanks.。 She prefers her coffee black. preferredadj_ 高考链接 We can eat out if you like, but I would _ (更喜欢) to stay in. 2014 陕西 测试 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. Id prefer _ (travel) by train. 2. I prefer my English classes _ (teach) in Engli

4、sh only. 3. I prefer going out for a more active life on Sundays to _(stay) at home all day. 二、根据所给提示，完成下列句子。 1. Some people _(喜欢散步 多于喜欢爬山). 2. My parents _(更喜欢早起) in the morning. advancen 1 U 前进 2 C 进步；进展： make great advances technological / scientific / medical advances Namethreeadvancesinsciencea

5、nd technology at this time. 3C 常用单数 预付款： 2 pay sb a $500 advance 固定搭配 in advance (of ) 高考链接 This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _ advance that if you smoked here you would be fined. 测试 一、翻译下列词块。 取得很大进展 科学进步 提前 (于)；预先 (于) 二、完成句子。 We live in an age of_(技术飞 快进步). (n) maint

6、ainvt 1 保持；维持 The two countries have always maintained close relations. 2 维护；保养 maintain machinery He is responsible for maintaining all the buildings. 3 坚持认为 He maintained that such things should never be done again. 测试 一、写出下列句子中 maintain 的汉语释义。 1. The building is maintained by a private nonprofit

7、organization. 2. Some people maintain that watching violence on TV is one of the major causes of aggressive behaviour and crime in society. 3. The fifty-two week money challenge is simple and if it is maintained, it will result in 1378 dollars in your savings account each year. 4.They barely earn en

8、ough to maintain themselves and their four children. 二、完成句子。 1. Twenty-five percent of the savings is used to _(维护系统). 2. The choice is clear: eat food with empty calories and you will gain weight, eat nutritious food and you will _(保持体 重) or lose weight. provev 1vt证明；证实： prove sth to sb: Just give

9、me a chance and Ill prove it to you. 3 prove sb / sth (to be) + adj / n: They put me in prison, but, in the end, I was proved innocent. He proved himself (to be) a better driver than the world champion. 他证明了自己的驾驶技 术胜过世界冠军。 prove + that / wh-从句：从句： Sarah wants to prove that she has brains as well as

10、beauty. The challenge proved how difficult it is to drive across a desert without guidance. it is proved that: It has been proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. prove oneself (to sb): When I first started this job, I felt I had to pr

11、ove myself. Riis believed that poverty caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point. 2用作系动词 证明是；被发现是 (turn out)： prove+adj/n: The book has proved very successful. prove to be sth He proved to be an honest friend. 高考链接 1、 To _ (证明) his point, Professor Brown mentioned several other ex

12、periments which had similar results. 测试 根据汉语补全下列句子。 1. 她决心证明大家都错了。 She was determined to_. 2. 那个设计后来证明很成功。 The design _. 3. 她证明了自己在工作上是可靠的。 She_ a very reliable worker. 4. 实验证明系统有效。 Tests have proved (that) the system works. 5. 已经证明蒸汽比沸水要烫。 _steam is hotter than boiling water. comfortn 1 U 舒适 (感)；安逸

13、 (感)： Walk out of our comfort zone and try new things! Teenagers can write and make music using a computer programme in the comfort of their own bedroom. When Dad died, he left me enough to live in comfort the rest of my life. 4 2U 安慰；慰藉： We find comfort in giving care and receiving care in return.

14、For some people, an animal provides more comfort than a husband or wife. 3C 令人感到安慰的人或物： A hot cup of milk on a cold night is a real comfort. 测试 一、语法填空。 1. They had enough money to live _comfort in their old age. 2. Being able to afford a drink would be_ comfort in those tough times. (2012 山东) 二、完成句子

15、。 1.Great things happen when you step out of your _(舒适地带), and you would be surprised on how many chances exist if you just ask. 2.Nowyoucanwatchyourfavorite movies_ (在自己家里舒舒 服服地). 3.TheknowledgethatCarawassafe _ (给了他些许安慰). 4. You can_(获得一些安慰) in the fact that you did your best. anxiousadj 1忧虑的；焦虑的

16、be anxious for sb / about sth Are you anxious and restless if you are separated from your mobile phone? She was anxious (that) it might be cancer. 2令人焦虑的 We had an anxious couple of weeks waiting for the test results. 3渴望的 (be) anxious to do sth： The parents suggested sleeping in the hotel room but

17、their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip. (be) anxious + that . (should) do sth： He was anxious that they should have all they want. 派生词 anxiouslyadv 高考链接 Mymotheralwaysgetsabit _ ( 焦 虑 的 ) if we dont arrive when we say we will. 2005 浙江改 测试 一、同义替换。 5 1. Jack still cant help being anxious

18、about his job interview. Lack of self-confidence is his Achillesheel I am afraid. (worrying / worried) 2. There was an anxious moment when the plane suddenly dropped. (worrying / worried) 二、完成句子。 1. Parents are naturally _ (自然 为担心) their children. 2. He seemed _t (对忧心忡 忡) the meeting. 3. There were

19、a few _ (令人焦虑 不安的时刻) in the baseball game. 4. I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and Im_ (我渴望得到 你的帮助). distancen 1C _) 1vt打；撞击：正式用语 The ship struck a rock. The boy fell, striking his head on the edge of the table. 2vi & vt(时钟等) 敲响；报 (时)： The church clock began to strike twelve

20、. 3vi & vt(不幸等) 突然降临；突然袭击： Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods. She was practicing surfing when a shark struck. 4vt不用于进行时 (使) 突然想到 / 意识到 it strikes sb + that 从句：从句： It struck me that we might have made the wrong decision. The solution struck me immediately. 5vt给.以某种印象to strike sb

21、 as (being) : He strikes me as (being) a very serious person. We were struck by her kindness. What struck me most was the enthusiasm of the local people. 6vi罢工： The bus drivers were striking for more money. 固定搭配 strike a balance strike a deal 8 测试 一、根据提示，用 strike 完成下列各句。 1. The teacher, with 6 girls

22、 and 8 boys of her class, was visiting a museumwhen the earthquake _ (发生地震). 2. We would spend 1,500 yuan purchasing some pens for the needy students in _ (贫困地区). 3. _ ( 我 突 然 想 到 ) playing againstthe otherteamwasagreatlearning moment. 4. 趁热打铁。_ 二、将下列各句中的画线部分译成汉语。 1. It always struck me that when yo

23、ure looking at a big challenge from the outside it looks huge, but when youre in the midst of it, it just seems normal. 2. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. 3. When sunlight strikes an object, some of the energy is

24、absorbed and some is reflected. scenen 1(戏剧等的) 一场； 场面： (电影的) 一个镜头； 场面： Act I, Scene 3 The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment. 2常用单数 事发地点；现场： The police were soon on the scene. Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue. 3景色；景象a view that you see： He

25、photographed a wide range of street scenes. 4情景： The little boy came riding full speed down the road on his bicycle. What a dangerous scene it was! 5单数 活动领域；圈子：非正式用语 Hes the funniest comedian on the comedy scene. 测试 根据句意写出句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Hes famous in the music scene. 2. At the end of the story, my

26、 mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together. 3. You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love. 4. If you are involved in an accident, you are

27、requiredtoofferappropriateaid,callthe 9 Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the officer lets you go. 5. About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio to take part in a crowd-scene. personalityn 用所给词的正确形式填空。 person, personal, personally, pe

28、rsonality, personnel, interpersonal 1. Airline _ can purchase flight tickets at reduced prices. 2. You can get the watch either in _ or by mail at an affordable price. 3. In my _ view, Tom is well qualified for the job, but he does lack personality. 4. _, I prefer to work in a team, which offers me

29、a chance to learn how to improve interpersonal skills. familiar adj 1熟悉的；常见的： They are already familiar faces on our TV screens. I use Christmas as an example because it is familiar to most readers. Thethemeparkyouareprobablymost familiar with is Disneyland. 派生词 familiarity /fmlirti/ n adventure n 单

30、词释义 1U 冒险： Do you like adventure in your life? 2C 冒险经历；奇遇： The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Columbus discovery of the New World was an adventure. deliver vt 1vt & vi 递送；传送 deliver a letter / message I usually have fast food delivered to my office. Your food will be delivered in half an hour. Thanks for

31、calling. We promise to deliver free of charge within 48 hours. 。 2发表；表达；讲 deliver a speech / lecture 3接生；使分娩： Her husband had to deliver the baby himself. 10 digital adj the digital age / a digital camera enable vt 1使能够；使成为可能 (allow)： enable sb / sth to do sth: In a word, good listening can really e

32、nable us to get closer to each other. Technologywillenableustomakethe librarys content and services open to citizens as never before. saying n.C as the saying is / goes go without saying 高考链接 1、 “You cant judge a book by its cover,” _- . A.as the saying goes old B.goes as the old saying C.as the old

33、 saying goes D.goes as old the saying acquire vt. 1(经过努力) 获得；学到 Spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged. 2购得；得到 How did the gallery come to acquire so many Picassos? 高考链接 1、 It took him a long time to _the skills he needed to become a good dancer. 2018 天津 A.displayB.acquire C.

34、teachD.test illustrate vt 1给作插图： an illustrated textbook Over a hundred pictures and photos illustrate the book. 2(用示例、图画等) 说明；解释： To illustrate my point, let me tell you a little story. 派生词 illustrationn illustratorn pour v 1vt倒；注；灌： Please pour me another cup of tea. 2vi(水等) 不断流出；(烟等) 被吐出： Tears o

35、f happiness poured down Susans cheeks. Black smoke poured from the back of my car. 。 11 3vi不断涌向 / 涌现 (flood)： People poured into the square from all parts of the city. Letters and postcards poured in every day. 4vi(雨) 倾盆而下： It never rains but it pours. humo(u)r n.U The story is full of humour. She w

36、as very friendly and had a great sense of humour. postpone vt 1使延迟；使延期 (put off / back)： postpone doing sth: Lets postpone making a decision until we have more information. Well have to postpone the meeting until / to next week. plain adj 1清楚的；明白的；易懂的 (clear / obvious)： a plain fact The story is wri

37、tten in plain English. 2简朴的；简单的；单色的 a plain but elegant dress plain yogurt The bike is in plain black and easy to ride. 3平常的；相貌平平的： a policeman in plain clothes Her face is plain, but she has a nice smile! 4坦白的；直率的： Let us be plain with you. ashamed adj. 1羞耻的；惭愧的【反：proud 】；害臊的： (be) ashamed of sb /

38、sth: You should be ashamed of your foolish behavior. I was ashamed of myself. (be) ashamed to do sth: Im ashamed to admit that Ive never read Harry Potter. (be) ashamed + that 从句：从句： He was ashamed that he couldnt give an answer. atmosphere n 1C 大气层；气体；空气： The waste the factories create goes into the atmosphere and makes us sick. a smoky atmosphere 2C & U 气氛；环境： His appearance created an atmosphere of tension. 12 高考链接 1、 The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly _ (气氛).