2022届高考英语一轮复习 非谓语动词知识详解 课件 95张.pptx

1、 什么是非谓什么是非谓 语动词啊？语动词啊？ “非谓语动非谓语动 词词”,就是不是就是不是 谓语的动词呗谓语的动词呗! 那不是那不是 谓语谓语 是什么是什么 呢？呢？ 。 。 动词 谓谓语动词语动词非非谓语谓语动动词词 to do doingdone 谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别 1. “Cant you read?” Mary said angrily _(point) to the notice. 2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _(seize) the girl and took her away

2、, _(disappear) into the woods. pointing seized disappearing 补 宾 1. When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to stay at home. 2. To catch the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. 3. Hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasur

3、e. 4. Please remain seated; the winner of the prize will be announced soon. 5. The airport to be completed next year will help promote tourism in this area. 6. Its quite hot today. Do you feel like going for a swim? 判断非谓语动词在下列句子中的作用 1. When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to stay at ho

4、me. 2. To catch the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. 3. Hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. 4. Please remain seated; the winner of the prize will be announced soon. 5. The airport to be completed next year will help prom

5、ote tourism in this area. 6. Its quite hot today. Do you feel like going for a swim? 状 主主 表表 定定 宾宾 宾宾 过去分词过去分词 done 不定式不定式 to do 动词动词 doing 通常还没发生通常还没发生 主动主动, 进行状态进行状态 被动被动,完成意义完成意义 非谓语动词的三种基本形式非谓语动词的三种基本形式 非谓语动词的句法功能 形式 成分 to dodoing done 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 非谓语做非谓语做状语 非谓语动词做状语的形式：非谓语动词做状语的形式： doing/

6、 being done having done/having been done done to do/ to be done 非谓语动词作状语的判断非谓语动词作状语的判断 非谓语动词作状语的非谓语动词作状语的 六大经典原则六大经典原则 非谓语动词作状语的非谓语动词作状语的 四大解题步骤四大解题步骤 非谓语动词作状语 非谓语不定式作状语多表示目的非谓语不定式作状语多表示目的 非谓语分词作状语表示时间非谓语分词作状语表示时间 原因原因 条件条件 让步让步 伴随伴随 结果结果 非谓语做非谓语做状语以下形式的区别区别 to do to be done having done having been

7、done doing being done done 分词作状语分词作状语 形式形式意义意义 doing having done done being done having been done 主动，与主句谓语动词同时主动，与主句谓语动词同时 或基本同时发生或基本同时发生 主动，先于谓语动词发生主动，先于谓语动词发生 被动被动 被动，正在进行，一般作原因被动，正在进行，一般作原因 状语放句首状语放句首 被动，先于谓语动词发生被动，先于谓语动词发生 用法用法例句例句 _ (walk) along the street_ (walk) along the street, I met , I me

8、t Mary.Mary. _ (be) tired_ (be) tired, I stopped to take a , I stopped to take a rest.rest. _(turn) to the left _(turn) to the left, you will find , you will find the school. the school. _(know) where I live _(know) where I live, he , he never come to see me .never come to see me . I stood there, _

9、(wait) I stood there, _ (wait) for herfor her. . It rained heavily, _ (cause) It rained heavily, _ (cause) severe flooding in the areasevere flooding in the area. . 时间状语时间状语 Walking 原因状语原因状语 Being 条件状语条件状语Turning 让步状语让步状语Knowing 伴随状语伴随状语 waiting 结果状语结果状语 causing 1. She was sent there _ (train) for t

10、he space flight. 2. She was sent there_ (train) the spacemen for the space flight. 3._(hear)thebell,thestudents begantoentertheclassroom. 4._ (work) forfourhours,she stoppedtohavehermeal. 5. _ (lose) intheforest,you shouldfirstofallremainwhereyouare. 6. _ (tell) manytimes,hestill repeatedthesamemist

11、ake. 7. Theteacherstoodthere,_ (surround) bystudents. 8. Shesatbythewindow,not_(dare) tosayaword. 9. _ (repair) now, this classroom cant be used. to be trained to train Hearing Lost Havingbeentold surrounded daring Being repaired Havingworked 单句改错单句改错 1. Not have seen the film, I cant tell you what

12、I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. having working Seeing speaking 1. Not have seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it.

13、2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. 5. “Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. 6. Knocking at the door before e

14、ntering, please. 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. pointing Knock making 非谓语动词做状语的六大经典原则非谓语动词做状语的六大经典原则 原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用_ 1. _ (success) ，one must first of all believe in himself. 2. Group activities will be organised after cla

15、ss _ (help) children develop team spirit. 3. Hesatdown_ (have) arest. 4. _ (amit) by the school,he works very hard to do to be done to help To succeed tohave 做目的状语可放句首句中或句末【特别注意做目的状语可放句首句中或句末【特别注意 】也可用】也可用inordertoinorderto或或soastosoasto表示目的表示目的 ，但，但soastosoasto不能用于句首。不能用于句首。 To be admitted 1.Its an

16、 honour for me _ (invite) to the ceremony. 2. Its an honour for me _ (invite) you to the ceremony. 3. She didnt like _ (treat) as a child. 4. She didnt like _ (treat) the boy as a child. to be invited to invite to be treated to treat 不定式在句中作什么成分? 作主语作主语 作主语作主语 作宾语作宾语 作宾语作宾语 5. His dream was _ (admit

17、) to a good university. 6. She doesnt seem _ (like) the idea. 7. The shopkeeper saw a thief _ (slip) into the store. 8. A thief was seen _ (slip) into the store by the shopkeeper. 9. She was sent there _ (train) for the space flight. 10.She was sent there _ (train) the spacemen for the space flight.

18、 to be admitted to like slip to slip to be trained to train 作表语作表语 作表语作表语 作宾补作宾补 作主补作主补 目的状语目的状语 原则二： 用作伴随状语，原则上用_ doingdoing 1.Tom received a letter , _(invite) him to give a speech . 2.The thief rushed out , _(leave) his ID card lying on the floor . 3.The teacher works deep into night , _ (prepare

19、) for the next days lessons. 4.Hearing the news ,the boy stood there , _ (say) nothing . inviting leaving preparing saying 注意：注意： 1. She wrote to the editor, _(hope) that the editor would be able to help her 2. She reached the top of the hill and stopped there_ (rest) on a big rock 3.The secretary w

20、orked late into night, _ (prepare) a long speech. preparing to rest hoping doing作伴随状语与作伴随状语与to do作目的状语区别：作目的状语区别： doing表伴随与谓语动作同时发生且前面常表伴随与谓语动作同时发生且前面常 有逗号有逗号; to do表目的要比谓语动作后发生且前面无表目的要比谓语动作后发生且前面无 逗号。逗号。 原则三：用作结果状语可用_ 或_， 区别是： 1.Thefirelastednearlyamonth, _ (leave) nothing valuable. 2. Tom took a t

21、axi to the airport, only _(find) his plane high up in the sky. doingdoingto doto do doing表示自然而然意料之中的结果表示自然而然意料之中的结果; (only)to do表示意料之外的结果。表示意料之外的结果。 to find leaving 单句改错单句改错 1.Topassthecollegeentranceexam,we mustworkhard. 2.Mikehadtoshoutmakehimselfhear abovethesoundofthemusic. 3.Thebusstoppedsoasto

22、pickup passengers. 4. Hegotupearlyinordercatchthe firstbus. 5. Iwenttoseehimlastnightonly tofoundhimout. heard find 单句改错单句改错 1.Topassthecollegeentranceexam,we mustworkhard. 2.Mikehadtoshoutmakehimselfhear abovethesoundofthemusic. 3.Thebusstoppedsoastopickup passengers. 4. Hegotupearlyinordercatchthe

23、 firstbus. 5. Iwenttoseehimlastnightonly tofoundhimout. to to 原则四：有被动意义时，原则上用原则四：有被动意义时，原则上用_。 1. Film has a much shorter history, especially when _ (compare) to such art forms as music and painting. 2. _ (repair) , the access to the museum is locked. 如果动作正进行则用如果动作正进行则用doingdoing的被动的被动being donebein

24、g done 如动作尚未发生则用如动作尚未发生则用to doto do的被动的被动to be doneto be done 如果动作已经发生，则如果动作已经发生，则? donedone compared Being repaired 原则五：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则五：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前， 原则上要用原则上要用_ 1. _ (work ) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 2. _ (show) around the lab, the visitors went to the li

25、brary. having donehaving done Having worked Having been shown 有被动意义，且动作已经发生，则用有被动意义，且动作已经发生，则用having having been done been done 1. It is the first garden-designed Disney park in the world, with bridges and paths _ (connect) seven themed areas. 2. The party will be held in the garden, weather _ (perm

26、it) . 主句主句 非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特 点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫逻辑主语。点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫逻辑主语。 原则六：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则六：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语 原则上应与原则上应与_主语保持一致主语保持一致. . connecting 注意：注意：with复合结构复合结构 (only); (only)to dto do o表示意外结果表示意外结果 原则四：凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用原则四：凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用done。 如果动作尚未发生，则用如果动作尚未发生，则用to be done； 如

27、果动作正在进行，则用如果动作正在进行，则用being done。 原则五：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原原则五：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原 则上要用完成式则上要用完成式having done，被动则，被动则having been done 原则原则六六：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑 主语应与主句主语保持一致。主语应与主句主语保持一致。 非谓语动词作状语的判断非谓语动词作状语的判断 非谓语动词作状语的非谓语动词作状语的 六大经典原则六大经典原则 非谓语动词作状语的非谓语动词作状语的 四大解题步骤四大解题步骤 非谓语动词做状语非谓语动词做状语 解题

28、的四大步骤解题的四大步骤 第四步：分析时态第四步：分析时态 第一步：辨别第一步：辨别“谓与非谓谓与非谓” 第二步：找非谓语的逻辑主语第二步：找非谓语的逻辑主语 第三步：判断语态第三步：判断语态 非谓语的非谓语的“解题四招解题四招” 1. _ (give) time, hell make a first- class tennis player. 2. _(search) the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting. Given Search 注意连词注意

29、连词 第一步：谓与非谓第一步：谓与非谓 and, but, or, if, because等等 Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _(seize) the girl and took her away, _ (disappear) into the woods. seized disappearing 3._(take)everything into consideration, they ought to have another chance. 第二步：找逻辑主语第二步：找逻辑主语 4.Everything _(take)into

30、 consideration, they ought to have another chance. Taking taken 1._(see) from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful city. 2._(see) from the top of the tower, the city looks very beautiful. Seeing Seen 第三步：分析语态第三步：分析语态 分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非 谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还主

31、动还 是被动是被动关系。关系。 1.Tony lent me the money,_ (hope) that Id do as much for him. 2. Much time _(spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems. hoping spent 第四步：分析时态第四步：分析时态 1. _ his students to finished the paper, the teacher walked out of the classroom.(tell) 2. _

32、to finish the work in two hours, the boys are busy in working.(tell) 3. _ many times, he still repeated the same mistakes.(tell) Having been told Told Having told 二二. 找逻辑主语找逻辑主语 三、分析语态三、分析语态 四、分析时态四、分析时态 一一. 辨别辨别“谓与非谓谓与非谓” 非谓语动词作状语解题步骤非谓语动词作状语解题步骤 方法总结：方法总结： 谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态 非谓语动词作状语的判

33、断非谓语动词作状语的判断 非谓语动词作状语的非谓语动词作状语的 六大经典原则六大经典原则 非谓语动词作状语的非谓语动词作状语的 四大解题步骤四大解题步骤 使用非谓语转换下面一篇文章 很久以前很久以前,有一位名叫愚公的老人。他有一位名叫愚公的老人。他 家的门口有两座大山，让他每天出行家的门口有两座大山，让他每天出行 很不方便很不方便,于是他决定移山。街坊邻居于是他决定移山。街坊邻居 都嘲笑他。然而愚公心无旁骛都嘲笑他。然而愚公心无旁骛专注地专注地 干活。他坚信子子孙孙无穷无尽而山干活。他坚信子子孙孙无穷无尽而山 不加增。不加增。愚公移山的精神是很可贵的愚公移山的精神是很可贵的, 现在这个成语被用

34、来赞扬人们在困难现在这个成语被用来赞扬人们在困难 中具有全心全意追求目标的勇气。中具有全心全意追求目标的勇气。 Theresastory behindthisidiom.Inthe ancienttimes,therelivedanoldmanwho was calledYugong.There were two mountains in front of his house, which brought himmuch inconvenience,sohewasdeterminedto removethem.Hisneighborsthoughtit absolutelyimpossible

35、and they teased him. However,heignoredthemandjust focused onhiswork.Hefirmlybelievedthathe, hissons, grandsons andgreatgrandsons wouldbeabletomake it oneday. Theresastory behindthisidiom. Intheancienttimes,therelivedanoldman who was calledYugong. There were two mountains in front of his house, which

36、 brought himmuch inconvenience,sohewasdeterminedto removethem. Hisneighborsthoughtitabsolutelyimpossible and they teased him. However,heignoredthemandjust focused onhiswork. Hefirmlybelievedthathe, hissons, grandsons andgreatgrandsons wouldbeabletomake it oneday. Intheancienttimes,therelivedanold ma

37、ncalledYugong. Infront of his house stood two mountains, bringing him much convwnience, sohewasdeterminedto removethem. Hisneighbors, thinking itabsolutely impossible, teased him. Hefirmlybelievedthathe as well as hissons, grandsons andgreatgrandsons wouldbeabletomake it oneday. 使用非谓语转换下面一篇文章 Becaus

38、e Li Ping is interested in the job, he decided to join in the job interview. I told him that it was an important qualification in a job interview if he studied computer and that full preparations were needed for it. When the day came, he was brought into an office and made himself known to the inter

39、viewers, and then he was asked a few questions. He was told that they would inform him when the results came out. However, he didnt get the job, but that he failed in it didnt surprise me because the fact that he didnt prepare for it made him miss the opportunity. Interested in the job, Li Ping deci

40、ded to join the job interview. The day coming, brought into an office, he made himself known to the interviewers, and then he was asked a few questions. The result coming out, he was told that they would inform him. However, he didnt get the job, but his failing in the job interview didnt surprise m

41、e because his not having prepared for it made him miss the opportunity. 当从句主语与主句主语不一致时当从句主语与主句主语不一致时 ，怎么办？，怎么办？ with的复合结构的复合结构 1.The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 2.The trees which were blown down in the storm have been moved off the road. The man shaking hands with my fath

42、er is a policeman. 代替定语从句代替定语从句 The trees blown down in the storm have been moved off the road. 分词作定语分词作定语 doingdoing指正在进行的动作。（主动、进指正在进行的动作。（主动、进 行）行） done done 指已经完成的动作。（被动、完指已经完成的动作。（被动、完 成）成） 分词作状语分词作状语 现在分词现在分词 与逻辑主语是与逻辑主语是_关系关系 与逻辑主语是与逻辑主语是_关系关系 过去分词过去分词 主动主动 被动被动 Seeing from the top of the hil

43、l, we Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see the beautiful park.can see the beautiful park. Seen from the top of the hill, the Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks very beautiful.park looks very beautiful. When we see from the top of the hill, we can see the beautiful park. _, we can s

44、ee the beautiful park. When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks very beautiful. _, the park looks very beautiful. Seeing from the top of the hill Seen from the hill V.-ing, V.-ed 代替状语从句代替状语从句 1. When he walked in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. _

45、in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. Walking V.-ing, V.-ed 代替状语从句代替状语从句 2. Because I havent been to London, I know little about the city. _, I know little about the city. 3. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。 _, we could do it much better. 4. She sat at the des

46、k and read a newspaper. She sat at the desk _. Not having been to London 代替状语从句代替状语从句 V.-ing, V.-ed Given more time reading a newspaper Look at the following sentences and try to rewrite them by using V.-ing and V.-ed. 1) The book was written by Australian author. It has topped the New York Times be

47、st-selling list for 24 weeks. The book, _ by Australian author, has topped the New York Times best-selling list for 24 weeks. written 2) Before we set out to Yunnan, we were very excited. We imagined how beautiful the place is. There are pineapples and bananas everywhere. Peacocks are flying in the

48、air. Before _ to Yunnan, we were very excited, _ how beautiful the place is, pineapples and bananas everywhere, peacocks _ in the air. setting out imagining flying 3) While you deal with routine schoolwork, have you ever wondered what life is like for American teenagers? While _ with routine schoolw

49、ork, have you ever wondered what life is like for American teenagers？ dealing 4) Because a series of measures support farms, Chinas grain output grew four years in a row. With a series of measures _ farms, Chinas grain output grew four years in a row. supporting 1. He suggests that they have a 1. He

50、 suggests that they have a meeting after class.meeting after class. He suggests their having a meeting after class. He suggests them having a meeting after class. II. II. 动名词的复合结构代替名词性从动名词的复合结构代替名词性从 句句 2. He objected to the idea that 2. He objected to the idea that I smoked in the room.I smoked in