2020年高考英语全国一卷知识点汇总长难句分析（单句语法语料）.doc

1、2020 年全国 I 卷知识点和长难句分析 2020 年全国 I 卷阅读理解A 篇知识点 读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Train Information All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession1of a valid2ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30. While Queensland Rail

2、makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be no guarantee3of connections between trains or between train services and bus services. Lost property4（失物招领）（失物招领） Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services. The lost property offi

3、ce is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located（位于）at Roma Street station. Public holidays On public holidays, generally5a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e. Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional6services may operate. Christmas

4、Day services operate7to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime. Customers using mobility8devices9 Many stations have wheelchair access10from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. For assistance11, please call Queensl

5、and Rail on 13 16 17. Guardian trains (outbound) Depart12Origin13Destination14Arrive 6:42pmAltandiVarsity Lakes7:37pm 7:29pmCentralVarsity Lakes8:52pm 8:57pmFortitude ValleyVarsity Lakes9:52pm 11:02pmRoma StreetVarsity Lakes12:22am 21. What would you do to get ticket information? A. Call 13 16 17.B.

6、 Visit translink .com.au. C. Ask at the local station.D. Check the train schedule. 22. At which station can you find the lost property office? A. Altandi.B. Roma Street.C. Varsity Lakes.D. Fortitude Valley. 23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes? A.6:42 pm.B.7:29 pm.C

7、.8:57 pm.D.11:02 pm. 【重点词汇】 1. possession pzen n拥有; 领地; 财产，所有权，占有物 2. valid vldadj.有效的; 有法律效力的; 正当的; 健全的; 3. guarantee rntin. 保证，担保; 保证人，保证书; 抵押品; vt. 保证，担保; 4. property prptin. 财产; 房地产; 特性; 属性; 5. generally denrli adv. 一般地，通常; 广泛地，普遍地; 概括地; 主要地; 6. additional dnladj. 额外的，附加的; 另外的，追加的; 补充; 外加; 7. op

8、eratepretvt. 操作; 经营; 管理; vi. 开刀; （对）动手术; 动手术; （在某地）采取军事行动; vt. 操作，控制，使运行; 8. mobility mblti n. 流动性; 移动性; 流动; 机动性; 9. devices dvaszn. 设备; 装置( device 的名词复数 ); 花招; （为实现某种目的的）计划; 手段; 10. access ksesn.入径; 通道; 机会，权利; vt. 到达，进入; 访问，存取（计算机信息）; 11. assistance sstnsn. 帮助，援助; 古出席，出席者; 辅助设备; 12. depart dptv. 离开

9、，出发; 去世; 离职; 脱轨; 13. origin rdn n. 起源，根源; 出身; 数原点，起点; 解（筋，神经的）起端; 14. destination destnen n.目的，目标; 目的地，终点; 罕用语预定，指定; adj.作为目的地的（旅馆、商店、饭店等）; 【长难句】 1.All customers (主语) travelling on TransLink services(后置定语) must be(系动词) in possession of a valid ticket (表语)before boarding(状语). 【解析】 句子主干 Allcustomers m

10、ustbein possession。 travelling 现在分词结构做后置定语修饰名词 customers, must be(系动词) in possession of a valid ticket (表语)before boarding(状语). 2020 年全国 I 卷阅读理解B 篇 Returning to a book youve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. Theres a welcome familiarity1- but also sometimes a slight suspicion2

11、that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books dont change, people do. And thats what makes the act of rereading so rich andtransformative3. The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental4register5. Its true, the older I get,

12、 the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, its all about the present. Its about the now and what one contributes6to the now,because reading is a give and take between author and reader.Each has to pull their own weight. There are three books I reread annually7. The first, which I take to rea

13、ding every spring is Emest Hemningways A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, its his classic memoir8of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating9 (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious10yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillards Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble ( 随 笔 ) abou

14、t everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazars Save Twilight: Selected11Poems, because poetry. And becauseCortazar. While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach12to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wond

15、erful and necessary, rereading an authors work is the highest currency 13 a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, its you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends. 24. Why does the author like rereading

16、? A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship. B. Its a window to a whole new world. C. Its a substitute for drinking with a friend. D. It extends the understanding of oneself. 25. What do we know about the book A MoveableFeast? A. Its a brief account of a trip. B. Its about Hemingways life as a

17、young man. C. Its a record of a historic event. D. Its about Hemingways friends in Paris. 26. What does the underlined word “currency” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. DebtB. Reward.C.Allowance.D. Face value. 27. What can we infer about the author from the text? A. He loves poetry.B. Hes an editor.C. Hes

18、 very ambitious.D. He teaches reading. 【重点词汇】 1. familiarityfmlirti n.熟悉; 通晓; 认识; 友好随便; 2. suspicion sspn n.怀疑; 嫌疑; 疑心; 口一点儿; 3. transformative trnsf:mtv adj.有改革能力的，变化的，变形的; 4. mental mentl adj.内心的，精神的，思想的，心理的; 智慧的，智脑力的; 口精神病的，意志薄弱的，愚笨的; 5. register redst(r) n.登记，注册; 记录; 登记簿; 自动记录器; vt. 登记，注册; （仪表等）

19、指示; 表示，表达; （感情）流露; vi.登记，注册; 留下印象; 完全符合; 印刷对齐; 6. contribute kntrbjut vt. 捐赠（款项）; 投稿（给杂志等）; 出力; 7. annually njuli adv.每年，每年一次; 一年一度; 8. memoir memw:(r) n.回忆录，自传; 记事录; 9. intoxicating ntksket adj.醉人的; 令人陶醉的; 使兴奋的;（指酒类）蒸馏的（非发酵的）; v.使喝醉( intoxicate 的现在分词); 使陶醉; 使激动不已; 使欣喜若狂; 10. ambitious mbs adj.有雄心的;

20、 有野心的; 费力的; 耗资的; 11. selected slektdadj.经由选择的，挑选的; v. 选择，挑选(select 的过去式和过去分词); 12. attach ttvt. 附上; vt.（有时不受欢迎或未受邀请而）参加; 把固定; 把归因于; （使）与有联系; vi. 从属; 附着; 伴随而来; 联在一起(to, upon); 13. currency krnsi n.货币; 通用，流通，流传，传播; 市价，行情; 流通时间; 【长难句】 1. The beauty of rereading (主语) lies (谓语) in（介词） that our bond (主语)

21、with the work (后置定语) is (系动 词) based （表语）on our present register. (介词后的宾语从句) 2. While money is indeed wonderful and necessary (状语从句) , rereading an authors work (主语) is (系动词) the highest currency (表语) a reader can pay them.(定语从句) 【解析】句子主干Rereading an authors work is the highest currency. 主系表结构。while

22、 为连词,引导状语从 句。 状语从句中的主干结构 Money is indeed wonderful and necessary.主系表结构，and 连接两个并列的形容 词。a readercan pay them 为定语从句，修饰名词 currency, 引导词 that 被省略。 2020 年全国 I 卷阅读理解C 篇 Race walking shares many fitness1benefits2with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, howeve

23、r, have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned3athletes. The longest track4and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50- kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon5. But the sports rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg s

24、wing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. Its this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive6activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant7professor8of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. Like running, race walking is physicall

25、y9demanding10, she says, According to most calculations11, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories( 卡路里) per hour, which is approximately12twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably13 burn about 1,000 or more

26、calories14per hour. However, race walking does not pound15the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their bo

27、dy weight with each step. As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated16with running, such as runners knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sports strange form does place considerable17stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautio

28、us18in adopting19the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult20a coach or experienced21racer to learn proper technique22, she says. It takes some practice. 28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes? A. They must run long distances.B. They are qualified23fo

29、r the marathon. C. They have to follow special rules.D. They are good at swinging theirlegs. 29. What advantage does race walking have overrunning? A. Its more popular at the Olympics.B. Its less challenging24physically. C. Its more effective25in body building.D. Its less likely to cause knee injuri

30、es. 30 What is Dr.Norbergs suggestion for someone trying race walking? A. Getting expertsopinions.B. Having a medical checkup26. C. Hiring an experienced coach.D. Doing regular exercises. 31. Which word best describes27the authors attitude28to racewalking? A. Skeptical29B. Objective30C. Tolerant31D.

31、 Conservative32 【重点词汇】 1. fitness ftns n.健康; 适当，适合; 合情理; 2. benefit benft n.利益，好处; 救济金，津贴; 义演，义卖; 恩惠，恩泽; vt.有益于，有助于; 使受益; 得益，受益; 3. conditioned kndndadj.有条件的，习惯于的; 4. track trk n.小路，小道; 痕迹，踪迹; 轨道，音轨; 方针，路线; vt. 跟踪; 监看，监测; 追踪; vi. 沿着轨道前进; 沿着一条路走，旅行; 位于一队列中; 5. marathon mrn n.马拉松赛跑; 长距离比赛; 需要长时间努力或耐力的

32、事件或活动; 6. attractive trktv adj.有魅力的; 引人注目的; 迷人的; 招人喜爱的; 7. assistant sstnt n.助手，助理; 化学（染色的）助剂; 辅助物; 店员，伙计; adj.助理的; 辅助的; 有帮助的; 副的; 8. professor prfes(r) n.教授; （大学的）讲师，教员; 自称者，宣称者; 9. physically fzkli adv.体格上，身体上; 物理上; 完全地; 10. demanding dmnd adj.要求高的; 苛求的; 强求的; 费力的，吃力的; v.要求(demand 的 ing 形式); 查问; 11

33、. calculation klkjulen n.计算，盘算; 估计; 计算的结果; 深思熟虑，慎重的计划; 12. approximately prksmtli adv.近似地，大约; 13. probably prbbli adv.大概; 或许; 很可能; 备不住; 14. calories klrz n.大卡( calorie 的名词复数 ); 千卡（食物所产生的能量单位）; 卡路里; 卡（热量单位）; 卡路里，大卡路里( calory 的名词复数 ); 15. pound pand n.英镑; 磅; 兽栏; 重击声; vt. 咚咚地走; vi.（持续地）苦干; （驾舟时）拍打（水面）;

34、 （心脏）狂跳; 脚步沉重地走（或跑）; vt. 连续重击; 捣碎，碾碎; 强迫吸收; 猛烈袭击; 16. associated sietd vi.联系(associate 的过去式和过去分词); 联盟; 陪伴; adj.（用于联合企业的名称）联合的; 有关联的; 联合的; 17. considerable knsdrbl adj.相当大（或多）的; 该注意的，应考虑的; 18. cautious ks adj.小心的，谨慎的; 兢; 恮; 持重; 19. adopt dpt vt.采用，采取，采纳; 收养; 正式接受，接受; 批准; 20. consult knslt vi. 商议，商量;

35、医会诊; 咨询; 充当顾问; vt.请教; 翻阅; 求教于; 顾及; 21. experienced ksprinst adj. 有阅历的; 有见识的; 老练的，熟练的; 有经验的，有丰富经验的; v. “experience”的过去式和过去分词; 22. technique teknik n.技巧; 技能; 技术; 技艺; 23. qualified kwlfad adj.有资格的，胜任的，适当的，合格的; 过检定的，得到许可的; 有限制的，有条件的; （俚）十足的，无比的; 24. challenging tlnd adj. 挑战性的; 引起兴趣的; 令人深思的; v. 挑战，质疑(cha

36、llenge 的现在分词); 25. effective fektv adj.有效的; 起作用的; 实际的，实在的; 给人深刻印象; 26. checkup tekp n.检查，核对; 体格检查; 27. describe dskrab vt. 描写，形容; 叙述; 描绘，作图; （行星等）周转; 28. attitude ttjud n.态度; 看法; 姿势; 个人风格; 29. skeptical skeptkl adj.怀疑性的，好怀疑的，无神论的; 30. objective bdektv adj.客观的，实体的; 目标的; 语宾格的; 医他觉的; n.目标，任务; 光物镜; 语宾语，

37、宾格; 事出击目标; 31. tolerant tlrntadj.宽容的; 容忍的，忍受的; （植物、动物或机器）能在困难条件下生存（或操作）的; 能耐的; 32. conservative knsvtv n.保守的人; （英国）保守党党员，保守党支持者; adj.保守的; （英国）保守党的; （式样等）不时新的; 【长难句】 1. But the sports rules (主语) require (谓语) that a race walkers knees stay (系动词) straight (表语) through most of the leg swing (状语) and one

38、 foot (主语) remain (系动词) in contact with the ground (表语) at all times. (状语)” 【解析】句子主干The sports rules require + that 宾语从句 2. “As a result(状语), she says, some of the injuries(主语)associated with running (后置定语), such as runners knee(插入语), are (系动词) uncommon(表语) among race walkers.(状语)” 【解析】句子主干 she says

39、，后面跟了一个宾语从句，从句的主干是 Some of the injuries are uncommon. 主系 表结构。associated with running 做后置定语，修饰名词 injuries 3. In fact（状语）, anyone (主语) wishing to try race walking(后置定语) should probably first consult（谓语） a coach or experienced racer（宾语) to learn proper technique （目的状语） 【解析】句子主干Anyone should consult a c

40、oach or experienced racer.主谓宾结构。wishing to try race walking 现在分词做后置定语， to learn 不定式做状语，表示为了做某事 2020 全国卷全国卷 1 阅读阅读 D 及七选五长难句解析及七选五长难句解析 【阅读【阅读 D】 The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects.A study conducted1in

41、Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areasof the city experienced2lesscrime.In another，employeeswereshown tobe 15%more productive3whentheirworkplaces were decorated with houseplants. The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have taken it a step further- changing

42、 the actual composition4of plants in order to get them to perform diverse5，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors6printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that candetect7harmful chemicals in groundwater. “Were thinking about how we can engineer

43、 plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT. Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeento make plantsglow（发光）in experimentsusingsome common vegetables. Stranos team found that they could create a faint8light for three-and

44、-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth ofthe amountneeded to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said,could oneday be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered9street lamps. In the future，the team hopes to develop a version10of the technology that can be spray

45、ed11onto plant leaves in a one-off12treatment that would last the plants lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch”where the glow would fade13when exposed to daylight. Lighting accounts for14about 7% of the total electricity consumed15in the US. Since lighting is often

46、 far removed16from the power source（电源）such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy islost during transmission（传输）. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. 32. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. A new study of

47、 different plants. B. A big fall in crime rates. C. Employees from various workplaces. D. Benefits from green plants. 33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer? A. To detect plants lack of waterB. To change compositions of plants C. To make the life of plants lo

48、nger.D. To test chemicals in plants. 34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future? A. They will speed up energy production. B. They may transmit electricity to the home. C. They might help reduce energy consumption. D. They could take the place of power plants. 35. Which of the followi

49、ng can be the best title for the text? A. Can we grow more glowing plants?B. How do we live with glowing plants? C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free? 重难点词】重难点词】 1.conduct kndkt , kndkt v. 组织组织; 实施实施; 执行执行; 指挥指挥; 传导（热或电）传导（热或电） 2.experience ksprins vt.亲

50、身参与，经历亲身参与，经历; 感受感受; 发现发现 3.productive prdktv adj. 富有成效的富有成效的; 多产的多产的; 生产性的生产性的; 具有创造性的具有创造性的; position kmpznn.（音乐、艺术、诗歌的（音乐、艺术、诗歌的）作品，作文，作曲作品，作文，作曲; 创作创作; 构图，布置构图，布置; 妥协，和解妥协，和解 5.diverse davs adj. 不同的，多种多样的不同的，多种多样的; 变化多的变化多的; 形形色色的形形色色的; 6.sensor sens(r) n. 传感器，灵敏元件传感器，灵敏元件 7.detect dtekt vt. 查明，