（2021新人教版）高中英语必修第三册第二单元词汇导学案.doc

1、- 1 - 人教版人教版(2019)新教材高中英语第三册第二单元词汇导学案新教材高中英语第三册第二单元词汇导学案 UNITUNIT TWOTWO 1. moral mrl : adj. 道德的道德的; 道义上的道义上的 n品行品行; 道德道德; 寓意寓意 a moral question : 道德问题道德问题 1)We will give them moral support. 2)I think we have a moral responsibility to help the poor people. 3)Young people these days have no morals. 4

2、)The moral of the story is that you will succeed if you work hard. 2. virtue vtu: n. 高尚的道德高尚的道德; 美德美德; 优秀品质优秀品质 1)His virtue is patience. 2)Honesty is a virtue. 3)Virtue is beyond price. 3. dilemma dlem: n. 进退两难的境地进退两难的境地; 困境困境 face a dilemma: 面临左右为难的困境面临左右为难的困境 be in a dilemma:处于进退两难的境地处于进退两难的境地 Sh

3、e was faced with the dilemma of whether to return to her country. 4. moral dilemma: 道德困境道德困境 a moral dilemma : 道德困境道德困境 A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make. If you choose one you might get in trouble for not choosing the other(s). 5. faint fent: v昏倒

4、昏倒;晕厥晕厥 adj.不清楚的不清楚的; 微弱的微弱的 1)During the exam, the student by the window fainted. 2)I almost fainted when she told me the news. 3)They have a faint chance of winning the war. 6. illustrate lstret : v.(举例举例)说明说明;阐明阐明; 给给(书或文章书或文章)加插图加插图 1)What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning Dr Lins

5、 life choices? 2)The teacher gave three examples to illustrate the point. 3)She went on to art school and is now illustrating a book. 4)The book is well written and properly illustrated 7. precious pres : adj. 珍稀的珍稀的; 宝贵的宝贵的 1)Youre wasting precious time! 2)Clean water is precious in that part of th

6、e world. 8. entrust ntrst : v. 委托委托; 交付交付 trust: v./n. 信任信任; 相信相信; 信赖信赖 1)“Life is precious. . To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying Im cold, hungry, or tired?” 2)She entrusted her children to a good friend.

7、 3)He entrusted the task to his daughter. = He entrusted his daughter with the task. 4)They can be entrusted to solve the problems. 5) Dont trust what you read in the newspapers! 9. carry sb through sth: 帮助某人渡过难关帮助某人渡过难关 1)These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing w

8、oman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices. 2)Their support carried the people through the hard years. 10. marriage mrd: n. 结婚结婚; 婚姻婚姻 marry mr: v. 结婚结婚; 为为主持婚礼主持婚礼 marry sb: 和和结婚结婚; 嫁嫁; 娶娶; 为为.主持婚礼主持婚礼 be/get married to sb:和和结婚结婚 wedding wed: n. 婚礼婚礼; 结婚庆典结婚庆典 1)My parents are celebr

9、ating 60 years of marriage. 2)Their marriage took place in a local church. - 2 - 11.majority mdrti : n.大部分大部分;大多数大多数 The majority+动词单数动词单数/复数复数 1)At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medidne. 2)The majority of the students co

10、me from the countryside. 3)The majority is/are preparing for the college entrance exams. plain kmplen : v抱怨抱怨; 埋怨埋怨; 发牢骚发牢骚 complaint: n. 投诉投诉; 抱怨抱怨; 控告控告; 不满不满 complain about/of: 抱怨抱怨; 埋怨埋怨 1)He complained (to the headmaster) that he hadnt been fairly treated. 2)Just because I dont complain, people

11、 think Im satisfied. 3)We complained about our offices but got no joy from the manager. 13.tuition tjun :n. (小组小组)教学教学; 讲课讲课; 学费学费 1)With deep sadness, she decided to pay Lucys tuition for school. 2)She is having extra tuition in chemistry. 她正在补习化学。 14.fee fi: n.专业服务费专业服务费;报酬报酬 1)There is no entranc

12、e fee to the museum. 2)Kate, you get half the fees. All right? 3)My daughter looks after the neighbours child for a small fee. 15.tuition fees: 学费学费 1)“Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. 2) Is

13、 this money enough for the tuition fees? 3) Who will support your study and pay the tuition fees? 16.respond rspnd: v.回答回答;回复回复; 做出反应做出反应; 回应回应 response: n. 响应响应; 反应反应;回答，答复回答，答复 answer: v./n.回答回答; 答复答复 respond to.: 对对.回答回答/回应回应/回复回复 1)She responded, “Id rather stay single to study all my life!” 2)T

14、hey will respond positively to the Presidents request for money. 17.response rspns : n. 反应反应;回答回答;回复回复 in response to: 作为答复作为答复;响应响应; 回答回答; 对对有反应有反应 1)What was the response from most of the people? 2)I knocked on the door but there was no response. 3)I think the response was good/positive. 4)We have

15、 not received a response from the government. 5)All our soldiers have gone to the front in response of attacks on us. 18.union junin: n.协会协会;联合会联合会;工会工会 unite: v. 统一统一;联合联合;联手联手;团结团结 united: adj. 联合的联合的; 统一的统一的; 团结的团结的 The Students/ Student Union: 学生会学生会 1)Ive joined the union. 2)The union represent

16、s over 200 000 teachers. 3)The British Teaching Union did a survey of 7,500 teachers. 19.scholarship sklp:n奖学金奖学金 scholar：n. 学者学者; 奖学金获得者奖学金获得者; 聪颖勤奋的学生聪颖勤奋的学生 1)Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wehai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates

17、. 2)They were very proud to see their son awarded the university scholarship. 3)He has got a scholarship to Peking University. 4)She won a scholarship to study at Harvard University. 20.hire ha(r): v. 聘任聘任;雇用雇用;租用租用 n租借租借; 租用租用 employ: v. 雇用雇用 rent : v. 租用租用;出租出租; 租金为租金为。n.租金租金 1)They will hire/rent

18、 a room for the workers. 2)You can hire/rent a car for a day to explore the city. 3)That company has never hired any foreign workers. - 3 - 4)How many people does the company employ/hire? 21.physician fzn : n.医师医师; (尤指尤指)内科医生内科医生 doctor: n. 医生医生dentist: n.牙医牙医 physics: 物理物理physicist: 物理学家物理学家 22.res

19、ident physician: 住院医师住院医师 resident rezdnt: n.居民居民; 住户住户; 房客房客; (美国的美国的)高级专科住院实习医生高级专科住院实习医生 1)She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 2)Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that

20、usually took four years to achieve. 23.colleague kli: n. 同事同事;同僚同僚 follow: v. 跟随跟随; 跟着跟着 fellow fel: n. 家伙家伙; 同事同事; 男人男人; 男孩男孩; 小伙子小伙子 guy: n.家伙家伙; 小伙子小伙子 1)After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She greatly impressed herAmerican colleagues, who

21、invited her to stay. 2)They were friends and colleagues for more than 30 years. 3)Have you ever used an email to apologize to a colleague? 24.reject ridekt : v. 拒绝接受拒绝接受;不录用不录用; 拒收拒收 rejection: n. 拒绝接受拒绝接受;否决否决 reject a decision/an offer/a suggestion 拒绝接受一个决定拒绝接受一个决定/一项提议一项提议/一个建议一个建议 reject sb./sth

22、: 拒绝接受拒绝接受; 不录用不录用; 拒收拒收 refuse: v. 拒绝拒绝; 回绝回绝; 推却推却; 拒绝给拒绝给 refuse to do.:拒绝做什么拒绝做什么 refuse sth: 拒绝拒绝; 回绝回绝; 推却推却 1) Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer. She wanted to serve the women and children at home. 2)Ive been rejected by all the universities I applied to. 3)He has refused to discuss the mat

23、ter. 4)I politely refused their invitation. 5)The bank refused to lend the money to us. 25.rejection rdekn: n. 拒绝接受拒绝接受; 否决否决 The rejection of this suggestion made all the students angry. 26. appoint pnt : v. 任命任命;委派委派 appoint sb (as) sth:任命某人当什么任命某人当什么 appointment: n. 任命任命; 预约预约; 约会约会; 委任委任 disappo

24、int: v. 使失望使失望 1)In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. 2)They have appointed a new headmaster at the senior high school. 3)They appointed h

25、im (as) captain of the football team. 27.clinic klnk : n. 诊所诊所; 门诊部门诊部 hospital: n. 医院医院 at the doctors: 在诊所在诊所 1)Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. 2)The doctors of the college clinic are very busy in the afternoon. 3)Last year she had an operation on

26、her knee at the clinic. 28. faraway frwe:adj. 遥远的遥远的 far away: 在远处在远处 1)At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 2)They have just returned from faraway places with wonderful stories to tell. 3)She dreamed of spending the rest of her life on a faraway is

27、land. 4)A lot of birds flew towards us slowly from far away. 29.elect lekt : v. 选举选举;推选推选 1)The people of the USA have elected their new president. - 4 - 2)The old man is the newly elected president. 30.election lekn : n. 选举选举;推选推选;当选当选 run for election : 参加竞选参加竞选 1)The man refused to accept the ele

28、ction result. 2)He has won/lost the election. 3)In America, presidential elections are held every four years. 4)The media played an important part in the last election. 31.decade deked : n. 十年十年;十年期十年期 in the decade: 在这十年在这十年 in the next decade: 在下个十年在下个十年 1)In 1954, she was elected to the first Nat

29、ional Peoples Congress and, over the next several decades, she held many important positions. 2)British Railway has become more commercial over/in the past decade. 3) The two countries fought a border(边界) war a decade/10 years ago. 32.elsewhere elswe(r): adv. 在别处在别处;去别处去别处 1)Her heart, however, was

30、elsewhere. 2)Almost 80 percent of the towns residents were born elsewhere. 3)Elsewhere, the weather today has been fairly sunny. 33. tend tend :v. 照顾照顾; 照料照料; 倾向倾向; 趋于趋于 tend to do sth: 易于做某事易于做某事; 往往会发生某事往往会发生某事 tend (to) sb/sth:照料照料 tend to/toward + 名词：倾向名词：倾向; 趋于趋于 1)The doctors and nurses will t

31、end the injured. 2)Women tend to live longer than men. 3)When Im tired, I tend to make mistakes. 4)His views tend towards the extreme. 34.publish pbl : v.发表发表(作品作品); 出版出版 print: v. 打印打印; 印刷印刷;登载登载; 刊登刊登 1)She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and

32、children, and training the next generation of doctors. 2)The dictionary was published in 1997. 3)The report will be published on the Internet. 35.staff stf : n. 员工员工; 全体职员全体职员 The staff+动词单数动词单数/复数复数 1)“ The OB-GYN department cares for two lives,” She told new staff in her department. “As doctors, w

33、e should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.” 2)The schools staff is/are very excellent. 3)I have ten staff working for me. 36. retire rta(r): v. 退休退休; 退职退职;退出退出 retire from.： 从从.退下了退下了 retire from ones job: 退休退休 a retired worker： 退休工人退休工人 1)Dr Lin did not retire until the

34、 day she died, 22April 1983. 2)She was forced to retire from teaching because of ill health. 3)The countrys official retiring age is 65. 37.saving sev : n.节省物节省物;节省节省;节约。节约。(复数复数)储蓄金储蓄金;存款存款 save: v. 拯救拯救; 救救; 挽救挽救; 储蓄储蓄; 救助救助; 攒钱攒钱; 收集收集; 收藏收藏 1)Buy five books and you will make a saving of 15 dolla

35、rs. 2)Her savings are in the Agricultural Bank of China. 3)She drew all her savings from the bank. 38. kindergarten kndtn : n.学前班学前班;幼儿园幼儿园 nursery: n. 托儿所托儿所 garden：公园公园;花园花园 Since she had no children of her own, she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. 39.principle prnspl

36、 : n.道德原则道德原则; 法则法则; 原则原则 1)What was the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the choices in her life？ - 5 - 2)I refuse to lie about it; its against my principles. 3)The principle behind it is very simple. 40.passive psv : adj.被动的被动的; 顺从的顺从的 active: adj. 积极的积极的; 忙碌的忙碌的; 活跃的活跃的 1)Many studies have s

37、hown that shy, passive children tend to be socially rejected by their classmates. 2)His passive attitude made things easier for me. 3)We mustnt be passive. 4)Passive smoking can be deadly too. 41.scared sked : adj. 害怕的害怕的; 对对感到惊慌或恐惧的感到惊慌或恐惧的 be scared/afraid/frightened of: 害怕害怕 1)She was so scared d

38、uring the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions. 2)Im certainly not scared of the dog. 3)People are scared to walk/of walking in the streets late at night. 42. scare ske(r): v. 惊吓惊吓; 使害伯使害伯; 受惊吓受惊吓 scarescaredscary (使人害怕的使人害怕的;吓人的吓人的; 恐怖的恐怖的) 1)The big dog will

39、 scare the students. 2)The students are scared of the big dog. 3)The big dog is scary. 43. sharp p : adj. (增长增长/下跌等下跌等)急剧的急剧的;锋利的锋利的;明显的明显的 a sharp drop in prices: 价格的骤降价格的骤降 a sharp rise in crime: 犯罪率的急剧上升犯罪率的急剧上升 a sharp increase in unemployment: 失业人数的剧增失业人数的剧增 She bought a sharp knife with the mo

40、ney yesterday. 44. insurance nrns : n.保险保险; 保险业保险业 the insurance company: 保险公司保险公司 China Life Insurance Company: 中国人寿保险公司中国人寿保险公司 life/car/travel/household insurance : 人寿人寿/汽车汽车/旅行旅行/家庭财产保险家庭财产保险 take out insurance against .: 办理办理.的的保险保险 pay insurance on.：交交.的的保险金保险金 1)Many Americans have complained

41、 about the sharp increase in the cost of care and health insurance recently. 2)When her husband died, she received 80, 000 pounds in insurance. 45.energetic endetk: adj.精力充沛的精力充沛的;充满活力的充满活力的 energy end：精力精力; 力量力量; 能源能源 be full of energy: 精力充沛精力充沛 1)One of the advantages of energetic and positive you

42、ng people is that they tend to show interest in their work and they are eager to learn. 2)He knew I was energetic and would get things done. 3)Her mother is an energetic woman. 46.replace rples : v.接替接替; 取代取代; 更换更换 1)The student union will hold a special meeting in January to hire someone to replace

43、 the secretary. 2)Teachers will never be replaced by computers in the classroom. 3)He will be difficult to replace when he leaves. 4)Have they found anyone to replace the physics teacher yet? 47.accident ksdnt : n.事故事故;车祸车祸;失事失事 incident nsd()nt：事变：事变; (严重严重)事件事件; 暴力事件暴力事件; 冲突冲突 Hearing that his wif

44、e had been injured in an accident, Mr Johnson hurried to the hospital. 48. operation pren: n. 手术手术;企业企业;经营经营 do an operation: 做手术做手术 operate pret: v. 操作操作; 使用使用; 控制控制; 动手术动手术 operate on/upon: 给给.动手术动手术 During the operation, she sat in the waiting room for over an hour worrying about him. 49. whisper

45、 wsp(r): v. 悄声说悄声说;耳语耳语;低语低语 - 6 - n. 耳语耳语(声声); 低语低语(声声); 传言传言; 谣传谣传 in a whisper：悄悄地：悄悄地 1) I saw her whispering something into his ear, obviously not wanting to be heard. 2)She whispered something in his ear. 3)He whispered to me that he was afraid. 4)Ive heard a whisper that David and Mary are he

46、ading for marriage 50. midnight mdnat : n.子夜子夜;午夜午夜 in the middle of the day/night:在中午在中午/半夜半夜 He suddenly woke up at midnight when he heard someone knocking at his door. 51.import mpt: n.进口进口; 进口商品进口商品 mpt: v. 进口进口;输入输入;引进引进 1)The country has to import most of its oil. 2)Japan will have to do a dea

47、l with the USA on rice imports 52.export ekspt : n. 出口出口;出口商品出口商品 kspt : v. 出口出口;输出输出;传播传播 1)Facing higher import and export costs, the company is looking for ways to survive. 2)The islands export sugar and fruit. 3)Alot of our land is used to grow crops for export. 4)They export their products to m

48、arkets throughout the world. 53.pole pl: n.(行星的行星的)极极; 地极地极 the North/South Pole 北极北极/南极南极 Returning from the North Pole, the traveller wrote a book about his experience and had it published the following year. 54.lap lp: n.(坐着时的坐着时的)大腿部大腿部; (跑道等的跑道等的)一圈一圈 1)The child lay on her mothers lap, smiling

49、 sweetly. 2)Theres only one seat so youll have to sit on my lap. 3)She has completed six laps. 55.bite bat : v. (bit bt-bitten btn ) 咬咬;叮叮;蜇蜇 n咬咬; (咬下的咬下的)一口一口; 咬伤咬伤 be bitten by: 对对着着迷迷; 热衷热衷于于 beat bit (beat-beaten)：打：打;敲打敲打;打败打败; (心脏心脏)跳动跳动 1)Yesterday afternoon she was bitten by the mad dog. 2)S

50、he took a couple of bites of the sandwich. 56.lip lip: n嘴唇嘴唇 Feeling hurt by the rejection, she bit her lip and quietly walked away. 57. assist sst : v帮助帮助; 援助援助 assist sb in doing: 帮助某人做帮助某人做 assit sb in/with sth:在在方面帮助方面帮助/协助某人协助某人 assist sb to do: 帮助某人做帮助某人做 helpwith：在：在方面帮助方面帮助 help sb (to) do s