（2021新人教版）高中英语必修第二册unit4重点句型详解.docx

1、UNIT 4HISTORYAND TRADITIONS 1.And so hold on when there is nothing in you 所以当你一无所有时要坚持 【词汇精讲】hold on 是动词短语,意为“抓牢;坚持不懈;稍等一下”。 Though I met with a lot of difficulties,I held on. 尽管我遇到了很多困难,但我坚持不懈。 2.An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words. 成语是

2、一种表达方式,它的意思与单个词的意思不同。 【词汇精讲】individual 作形容词,意为“单独的;个别的”;作名词,意为 “个人”。 3.Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu? 你认为威廉为什么说他的家乡与曲阜相似? 【句式剖析】do you think 是插入语,在句中不作成分,通常放在疑问词 后。当句子中有此类插入语时,句子要用陈述语序。 【句式拓展】常用于这种形式的动词 有:think,suggest,hope,believe,suppose,guess,consider,imagine 等。 W

3、hat do you believe the earth is made up of? 你觉得地球是由什么构成的? 4.Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle. 了解一下英国历史会帮助你解决这个谜题。 【词汇精讲】 puzzle 作名词,意为 “谜;智力游戏;疑问” ,作动词,意为 “迷 惑;使困惑” 。 What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China. 使你困惑的事实际上对很多中国父母来说

4、也是个谜题。 【 温 馨 提 示 】 过 去 分 词 形 式 的 形 容 词 , 如 puzzled,confused,frightened,excited,surprised 等,除了可以用来描述人 的 心 理活 动 以 外, 还 可 以用 来 修 饰与 人 有 关的 一 些 名词 , 如 look,voice,smile,expression,face 等。 5.Finally,in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK,which resulted in the full name we

5、have today:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 最后,在 20 世纪,爱尔兰南部脱离了英国,这形成了我们今天的全名:大 不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 【词汇精讲】break away from 是动词短语,意为“脱离;背叛;逃脱” 。 It was wrong of him to break away from all his good friends. 他和他所有的好朋友决裂是错误的。 6.The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work

6、together in some areas. 属于联合王国的四个国家在某些领域共同努力。 【词汇精讲】belong to 是动词短语,意为“属于,应在某处;适应” 。 Those books belong to the library but this is my own. 那些书是图书馆的,但这本是我自己的。 【温馨提示】belong to 中 to 为介词,后接名词或代词宾格。作后置定 语时常用动词-ing 形式。 7.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and

7、 military defence. 像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,称为米字旗。 【词汇精讲】as well as 意为“同(一样也);和;还”,在句中连接相同的 成分。 【温馨提示】 当“Aas well as B”结构作主语时,谓语动词应与 A 在人称 和数方面保持一致。 8.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence. 像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,称为米字旗。 【词汇精讲】defence

8、 是名词,意为“防御;保卫” 。 The town walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks. 城墙是为防御敌人袭击而修建的。 【微写作】In time of war,lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked. 在战争时期,许多钱将花在国防上,并将采取许多措施来保卫一个国家 免受攻击。 9.Almost everywhere you go in the U

9、K,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. 几乎你去英国的任何地方,你都会被在不同的历史时期四个不同 群体统治这个地方的证据所包围。 【词汇精讲】surround 是及物动词,意为“围绕;包围” 。 10.So what is the difference between them,if any? 那么,如果有的话,它们之间有什么区别呢? 【句式剖析】if any“如果有的话”,是省略形式,

10、句子补全应为:if there is any difference between them。 Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. 几乎你去英国的任何地方,你都会被在不同的历史时期四个不同群体 统治这个地方的证据所包围。 【句式剖析】本句是一个复合句,其中 everywhere 是连词,引导地点状 语从句。 11.【温

11、馨提示】 (1)everywhere 还可用作副词,意为“到处” 。 I looked for it everywhere,but didnt find it. 我哪儿都找过了,但没有找到。 注意:有时根据需要可与介词 from 连用。 Congratulations poured in from everywhere. 祝贺像潮水一样从四面八方涌来。 (2)everywhere 可用作表语,表示某种情况很普遍。 Girls with long hair were everywhere in the 1960s. 在 20 世纪 60 年代,女孩子留长发的现象相当普遍。 (3)everywhe

12、re 用作名词,在句中作主语。 Everywhere seemed to be silent.万籁俱寂。 12.Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square,where we could get our car battery charged. 朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场,我们可以在 那里给车充电。 【词汇精讲】句中的 charge 是及物动词,意为“充电”,charge 作动词 还可表示“收费;控告”,作名词可表示“收费;指控;主管” 。 【温馨提示】 cha

13、rge 表示“控告”时,要用 charge sb with sth,而 accuse 表 达相同意义时,则应用 accuse sb of sth。 13.we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left. 我们听到宣布没有音频指南了。 【词汇精讲】announce 是及物动词,意为“宣布;通知;声称” 。 We are pleased to announce that all five candidates were successful. 我们高兴地宣布,五位候选人全都当选了。 14.We found ourselves v

14、ery surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery. 我们对国家美术馆入口处的大量游客和喧闹声感到非常惊讶。 【词汇精讲】amount 是名词,意为“金额;数量” 。 【温馨提示】“a huge amount of+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单 数形式;“huge amounts of+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 Ahuge amount of money was spent on the new brid

15、ge last year. =Huge amounts of money were spent on the new bridge last year. 去年建这座新桥花了很多钱。 15.It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around. 周围人太多,很难接近那幅画。 【词汇精讲】approach 作及物动词,意为“接近;接洽;着手处理”,作不 及物动词,意为“临近”,作名词,意为“方法;途径;接近” 。 【温馨提示】approach 作名词,后面常跟介词 to 表示“的方法”,而 way,method,means 表示“方法”时后常跟介词 of。 16.She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely. 她把画的复制品装箱,确保递送安全。 【词汇精讲】ensure 是及物动词,意为“保证;确保;担保”,后接名词、 代词或从句作宾语。