（2021新人教版）高中英语选择性必修第一册 重点句式和语法讲解（全册一套打包）.zip
1 Unit 1PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 本单元重点句子本单元重点句子 1. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. 青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分,仅在非洲一年就可以挽救 10 万人的生命。 2. Tu Youyou,a committed and patient scientist,was born in Ningbo,China,on 30 December 1930,and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. 屠呦呦,一位忠于职守、有耐心的科学家,1930 年 12 月 30 日出生于 中国宁波,1955 年毕业于北京大学医学院。 3. Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts,and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties. 她的团队查阅了 2,000 多份旧的医学文献,并对 28 万株植物的医学特 性进行了评估。 4. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood,and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria,but this did not work either. 然后,他们尝试煮沸新鲜的青蒿,并使用从青蒿中获得的液体来治疗疟 2 疾,但这也不起作用。 5. However,Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. 然而,屠呦呦不承认失败。 6. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. 屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持要在自己身上测试这种药,以确保它 的安全性。 7. Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered. 后来,用这种药物在疟疾患者身上做试验,大部分患者都康复了。 8. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine.” 当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说,“荣誉不只是属于我自己的。 ” 9.Did you come to any conclusions?你得出结论了吗? 10.Her circumstances are beyond our control. 她的情况是我们无法控制的。 11. It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen. 3 他感到惊讶的是,照片中的其他中国男人显然不在乎同胞们发生了什 么。 12. Id like to try that Chinese herbal medicine again,which seems to work best for my cough. 我想再试一次那种中草药,它似乎对我的咳嗽最有效。 13. Elon Musk founded high-tech and futuristic companies. 埃隆马斯克创立高科技和未来主义公司。 14.At other times,the reason is given right after the opinion or decision,and the link can be inferred. 在其他时候,原因是在意见或决定之后给出的,并且可以推断出其中的 联系。 14. Circumstances changed in 1933,when Hitler came to power in Germany.Einstein,who was Jewish,found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. 1933 年,情况发生了变化,希特勒在德国掌权时,身为犹太人的爱因斯 坦发现学术机构的大门对他关闭。 15. Circumstances changed in 1933,when Hitler came to power in Germany.Einstein,who was Jewish,found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. 4 1933 年,情况发生了变化,希特勒在德国掌权时,身为犹太人的爱因斯 坦发现学术机构的大门对他关闭。 16. Circumstances changed in 1933,when Hitler came to power in Germany.Einstein,who was Jewish,found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. 1933 年,情况发生了变化,希特勒在德国掌权时,身为犹太人的爱因斯 坦发现学术机构的大门对他关闭。 18.As a consequence,he had to flee Germany.结果,他被迫逃离德国。 19.After spending time in Europe,he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,USA. 在欧洲待了一段时间后,他终于在美国普林斯顿高级研究所担任研究 员。 20. In fact,Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. 事实上,爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到一些人,他们会拦住他,让他帮忙解 释事情。 21. Use your notes to write your introduction and sum up how you feel about this person. 用你的笔记写你的介绍,总结你对这个人的看法。 5 22.He made numerous contributions to the world,the most well- known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2. 他为世界做出了许多贡献,最著名的是广义相对论和著名的 E=mc2 公 式。 23. On 18 April 1955,it was reported that Einstein had passed away,and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 据报道,1955 年 4 月 18 日,爱因斯坦逝世,全世界哀悼这位杰出科学家 的逝世。 本单元语法本单元语法 非限制性定语从句 1.限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句对先行词具有限制作用,使该词的含义更具体、更明 确,这种从句不能省掉,否则句子的意义就不完整,从句与主句之间不 能用逗号隔开。 Do you remember the Qing Dynasty vase which I bought last year? 你记得我去年买的清代花瓶吗? He took little notice of the honours that were given to him for his research on antique. 6 他不太重视那些由于他对古董的研究而给予他的荣誉。 2.非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句跟先行词的关系并不十分密切,只是做一些附加说 明,不起限制作用,这类从句往往用逗号与主句分开。 John,who sells ancient vases,is an old friend of my fathers. 卖古代花瓶的约翰是我父亲的一位老朋友。 We walked down the village street,which led to the temple. 我们沿着村子的大街走去,大街通向庙宇。 有时这类从句所修饰的不是前面某一个词,而是代表整个主句所讲的 内容,通常用逗号与主句分开。 He bought his mother a painting for her birthday,which pleased her a lot. 他买了一幅画作为生日礼物送给母亲,这使她非常高兴。 They are coming back to us,which means that they have got the copper sword. 他们要回到我们这儿来了,这意味着他们得到了铜剑。 3.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 (1)形式不同 限制性定语从句与其先行词之间不用逗号隔开,非限制性定语从句与 7 其先行词之间一般有逗号隔开。 She heard a terrible noise coming from the ancient tower,which brought her heart into her mouth. 她听到古塔里面传来一个可怕的声音,这把她的心提到了嗓子眼上。 I will never forget the days which we spent together visiting the Summer Palace. 我永远不会忘记我们一起参观颐和园的那些日子。 (2)意义不同 限制性定语从句与其先行词关系十分密切,如果去掉从句,剩余的部分 意思往往不完整,甚至失去意义;非限制性定语从句只是其先行词的附 加说明,如去掉,句子剩余部分意思仍然完整。 We will never forget the happy days when we rebuilt the wooden tower. 我们永远忘不了我们重修木塔的那段快乐日子。 His sister,who works in an antique shop,is coming to see him tomorrow. 他在古董店工作的姐姐明天来看他。 (3)翻译不同 翻译限制性定语从句时,一般先翻译从句,后翻译先行词;翻译非限制 性定语从句时,一般先翻译先行词,后翻译从句,形成两个并列分句或 8 其他类型的分句。 I have a son who is now studying in the USA.我有一个现在在美国学习 的儿子。(可能还有儿子在别处) I have a son,who is now studying archaeology in the university.我有一个 儿子,他现在在大学学习考古学。(含有“我只有一个儿子”之意) She is going to spend the holiday in Macao,where she will visit some places of interest. 她要到澳门去度假,在那里她将游览几处名胜。 Unit 2LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE 重点句型重点句型 1. For example,the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to persuade. 比如,in my opinion 这个短语告诉我们,这篇文章可能意在说服。 2. Or,have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? 或者,你是否忘记过关电视或电脑? 3. However,in the not-too-distant future,we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. 然而,在不太遥远的未来,我们将生活在智能家居里,它能在我们离开 时锁门,在我们忘了关掉电视的时候记得关掉它。 4. These smart homes will keep us secure,save us energy,and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. 这些智能家居将保护我们的安全,节省能源,并提供一个更舒适的生活 环境。 5. The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning,and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself. 未来的家将使用集成传感器来判断你每天早上离开家的时间,然后自 己进入一个节能模式。 6. Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences,so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. 你的家也会了解你的日常习惯和喜好,所以每天晚上你回家时,一切都 会为你准备就绪。 7. .your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information. 你的智能家居将检测到它,并向你提供相关信息。 8. Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes. 许多这些新发明已经存在,并在一些家庭中使用。 8.In this sense,the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. 从这种意义上说,明天的家已经是今天的了。 10. Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV Programmes,and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. 你一进家门,灯就会亮起,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播 放),而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了 11. For example,the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off. .例如,智能家居可以控制空调和灯,这样你就不用再打开和关闭开关 了 12. Care will also be taken to combine the building and surrounding architecture together to form an effective system. 还应注意将建筑物和周围建筑结合起来,以形成有效的系统。 13. However,I could not help but feel anxious. 然而,我不禁感到担心。 14. Better not hang out with Sam then. 最好不要和山姆闲逛。 15. Words such as predict,prediction,and forecast,are also used quite often when making predictions. 做出预测时,经常使用诸如 predict,prediction 和 forecast 等词。 16. In the article,various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. 在文章中,各界人士纷纷表示,公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车的想法。 17. On the one hand,there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. 一方面,世界各地有许多不同的群体在没有新技术的情况下快乐 地生活。 18. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work,family,and community. 他们提倡简单的生活,强调努力工作、家庭和社区。 19. Moreover,the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 此外,互联网使朋友和家人能够很容易地保持联系,即使他们在世界的 另一边。 20. Nevertheless,I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. 尽管如此,我将永远看到变革积极的一面,接受而不是抵制它。 本单元语法 1、将来进行时的构成 将来进行时 肯定式 疑问式 否定式 I/We will/shall be doing. Will/Shall I/we be doing.? I/We will/shall not be doing. You/They will be doing. Will you/they be doing.? You/They will not be doing. He/She/It will be doing. Will he/she/it be doing.? He/She/It will not be doing. 二、将来进行时的构成 1.表示最近或较远的将来正在进行的动作。 Dont phone him between 5pm and 6pm.Hell be having a meeting then. 下午五点至六点之间不要给他打电话,那时他在开会。 2.表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。 The train wont be leaving until one oclock. 火车一点钟才开。 3.常用来表示预计即将发生或势必要发生的动作。 When shall we be meeting next time? 我们下次什么时候见面? 4.表示委婉语气。 Will you be needing anything else? 你还需要什么吗? 三、 将来进行时与一般将来时的区别 1.将来进行时表示将来某时正在进行的动作; 而一般将来时表示将来 某时将要发生的动作。如: What will you be doing at seven the day after tomorrow? 后天晚上七点你会在做什么呢? What will you do at seven the day after tomorrow? 后天晚上七点你干什么? 2.将来进行时表示已有的安排;而一般将来时表示临时决定。 Ill go to see him after school. 放学后我去看他。 Ill be going to see him after school. 放学后我准备去看他的。 Unit 3FASCINATING PARKS 重点句式重点句式 1. I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge. 我离开帐篷,走到山边。 2. .no one else can live here,and all new development is banned within park boundaries. 没有其他人可以住在这里,在公园的边界内禁止所有的新开发项目。 3. Since reindeer were always on the move,the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. 由于驯鹿总是在移动,萨米人会拿起他们的帐篷陪同他们一起移动。 4. I am not a Sami,but in Sarek Ive adopted some of their habits. 我不是萨米人,但在萨雷克,我接纳了他们的一些习惯。 5. After breakfast,I pack my bag and set out again. 早饭后,我收拾行李,又踏上行程。 6. Even though the sun is brightly shining,telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. 尽管阳光灿烂,也无法分辨是早晨还是晚上。 7. Around 9,000 years ago,this ice melted,leaving behind about 100 glaciers. 大约 9,000 年前,冰融化了,留下了大约 100 个冰川。 8. .Following the reindeer were the Sami people,who made this territory their home. 在驯鹿之后来的是萨米人,他们在这片土地上安家落户。 9. officially or legally prohibit 官方或法律上禁止 10. The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National park was set up in Jilin and Heilongjiang,with boundary stretching all the way to the border and joining with Russias wildlife reserves. 东北虎豹国家公园设立在吉林和黑龙江,边界一直延伸到边境,并与俄 罗斯的野生动物保护区相连。 11. This vast new park is nearly four times larger than the old wildlife park protecting Siberian tigers in Northeast China. 这个庞大的新公园是保护东北西伯利亚虎的老野生动物园的近四倍 大。 12. The problem,however,was that the old park was too small to support further population increases. 然而,问题是旧公园太小,无法承受进一步数量的增加。 13. Go straight ahead (until you come to.) 一直向前走,(直到你来到)。 14. Whichever and whatever you like,there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you! 无论你喜欢哪一个,无论你喜欢什么,总会有一个奇妙无比的主题公园 让你流连忘返! 15. As you wander around the fantasy amusement park,you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or even on the street. 当你在游乐园闲逛时,你可能会在游行队伍中,甚至在大街上看到白雪 公主或米老鼠。 16. You can also try to form a mental map of where you are going while the other person is talking. 你也可以试着在别人说话的时候形成一张你要去哪里的心理地图。 17. People come from all over America to see skilled workers make wood,glass,and iron objects in the old-fashioned way. 来自美国各地的人们看到熟练的工人以古老的方式制造木制品、玻 璃制品和铁制品。 18. Here you can walk under the Whale Shark Aquariumthe worlds largestand see up to 20,000 fish,in addition to a whale shark 68 metres in length. 在这里,你可以走在世界上最大的鲸鲨水族馆下面,除了 68 米长的鲸 鲨外,还能看到多达 2 万条鱼。 19. Then at night,see the splendid Journey of Lights Parade and fireworks display. 然后在晚上,观看灿烂的灯光之旅巡游和烟花表演。 20. I feel blessed to have been born here,and I am looking forward to many more years of welcoming visitors to an unforgettable experience at Baikal. 我很幸运地出生在这里,我期待着有更多年欢迎来巴尔卡尔体验难忘 的经历的游客。 21. The real purpose of the BioBlitz is to get people interested in the biodiversity thats all around them,even in their own backyards. 生物闪电战的真正目的是让人们对周围的生物多样性感兴趣,甚 至在他们自己的后院 本单元语法本单元语法 动词-ing 形式作主语 动词-ing 形式由“动词 + ing 形式”构成,该结构可以在句中作主语,动 词-ing 形式作主语多指抽象的、概念性的动作,可以是经常性的行为。 Swimming does good to our health. 游泳对我们的身体有好处。 Teaching children English is very interesting. 教孩子们英语很有趣。 1.动词-ing 形式作主语的用法 (1)直接用在句首作主语 Learning about a language is easier than using it. 学习有关语言的知识比使用它容易。 Working all day made her very tired.工作了一天使她很劳累。 (2)用 it 作形式主语,把动词-ing 形式后置,常用在下面句式中。 It is no good quarrelling with him. 和他争吵没有好处。 It is no use telling her not to worry. 告诉她不要着急也没有用。 Its a waste of time arguing about it. 争论这事是浪费时间。 (3)用于“there be”结构中 There is no saying when it will stop raining. 无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 (4)动词-ing 形式的复合结构作主语 当动词-ing 形式有自己的逻辑主语时,常可以在前面加上一个名词或 代词的所有格,构成动名词的复合结构。 His coming to the party made me very excited. 他来参加派对使我很兴奋。 Toms failing in the exam made his parents worried. 汤姆考试不及格使他父母着急。 2.动词-ing 形式作主语和动词不定式作主语的区别 动词-ing 形式和不定式作主语,都是说明一个内容。但是,不定式通常 表示一个将来的、具体的内容;而动词-ing 形式则表示一种经常性的、 习惯的或抽象的概念。 To look after children is her job today. 她今天的工作是看孩子。 Looking after children is her work. 她的工作是照顾孩子。 Unit 4BODY LANGUAGE 重点句式 1. Just like spoken language,body language varies from culture to culture. 就像口语一样,肢体语言因文化而异。 2. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 最关键的是使用身体语言的方式要适合你所处的文化。 3. In other countries,by contrast,eye contact is not always approved of. 相反,在另一些国家,眼神交流并不总是被认可。 4. In Japan,someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. 在日本,有人看到另一个人使用这种手势可能会认为这意味着金钱。 5. Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. 即使我们使用的表示“是”和“否”的手势在世界各地也是不同的。 6. Elsewhere,people favour shaking hands,bowing from the waist,or nodding the head when they meet someone else. 在其他地方,人们喜欢握手、鞠躬或者在遇到别人时点头。 7. A smile can break down barriers. 微笑可以消除隔阂。 8. Words are important,but the way people stand,hold their arms,and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings. 语言是重要的,但人们的站立、抱着双臂和手移动的方式也给我们提 供了他们的情感的信息。 9. Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. 有些手势似乎在各地都有相同的意思。 10. We make assessments and inferences from body language. 我们根据肢体语言进行评估和推论。 11. Scientists have found that when we feel proud and powerful,we usually straighten up to make ourselves bigger. 科学家们发现,当我们感到骄傲和强大时,我们通常会直起身子,使自 己更高大。 12. By bowing,we mean “bending our head or body forward as a sign of respect or shame”. 鞠躬,意味着“把头或身体向前弯曲,以此作为尊重或羞耻的标志。 ” 13. The actor reveals the situation and messages,and the group compares notes. 表演者揭示情况和信息,小组成员交换意见。 14. Use the table below to clarify any misunderstandings or different answers. 用下面的表格阐明误解或不同的答案。 15. With their chins on their hands,they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. 他们双手托着下巴,眼睛盯着窗外或天花板。 16. While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. 尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是很 容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。 17. Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher. 有些学生这样做仅仅是因为他们害怕老师提问。 18. However,if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping,then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work. 但是,要是学生都懒得梳头,并且两眼因哭泣而发红,那么我能够推断 她遇到了更严重的问题。 19. Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities,when to intervene,and when to talk to students individually. 他们的肢体语言让我知道什么时候调整课堂活动,什么时候干预,什么 时候单独与学生交谈。 20. While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to dis
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1 Unit 1PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 本单元重点句子本单元重点句子 1. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. 青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分,仅在非洲一年就可以挽救 10 万人的生命。 2. Tu Youyou,a committed and patient scientist,was born in Ningbo,China,on 30 December 1930,and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. 屠呦呦,一位忠于职守、有耐心的科学家,1930 年 12 月 30 日出生于 中国宁波,1955 年毕业于北京大学医学院。 3. Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts,and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties. 她的团队查阅了 2,000 多份旧的医学文献,并对 28 万株植物的医学特 性进行了评估。 4. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood,and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria,but this did not work either. 然后,他们尝试煮沸新鲜的青蒿,并使用从青蒿中获得的液体来治疗疟 2 疾,但这也不起作用。 5. However,Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. 然而,屠呦呦不承认失败。 6. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. 屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持要在自己身上测试这种药,以确保它 的安全性。 7. Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered. 后来,用这种药物在疟疾患者身上做试验,大部分患者都康复了。 8. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine.” 当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说,“荣誉不只是属于我自己的。 ” 9.Did you come to any conclusions?你得出结论了吗? 10.Her circumstances are beyond our control. 她的情况是我们无法控制的。 11. It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen. 3 他感到惊讶的是,照片中的其他中国男人显然不在乎同胞们发生了什 么。 12. Id like to try that Chinese herbal medicine again,which seems to work best for my cough. 我想再试一次那种中草药,它似乎对我的咳嗽最有效。 13. Elon Musk founded high-tech and futuristic companies. 埃隆马斯克创立高科技和未来主义公司。 14.At other times,the reason is given right after the opinion or decision,and the link can be inferred. 在其他时候,原因是在意见或决定之后给出的,并且可以推断出其中的 联系。 14. Circumstances changed in 1933,when Hitler came to power in Germany.Einstein,who was Jewish,found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. 1933 年,情况发生了变化,希特勒在德国掌权时,身为犹太人的爱因斯 坦发现学术机构的大门对他关闭。 15. Circumstances changed in 1933,when Hitler came to power in Germany.Einstein,who was Jewish,found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. 4 1933 年,情况发生了变化,希特勒在德国掌权时,身为犹太人的爱因斯 坦发现学术机构的大门对他关闭。 16. Circumstances changed in 1933,when Hitler came to power in Germany.Einstein,who was Jewish,found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. 1933 年,情况发生了变化,希特勒在德国掌权时,身为犹太人的爱因斯 坦发现学术机构的大门对他关闭。 18.As a consequence,he had to flee Germany.结果,他被迫逃离德国。 19.After spending time in Europe,he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,USA. 在欧洲待了一段时间后,他终于在美国普林斯顿高级研究所担任研究 员。 20. In fact,Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. 事实上,爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到一些人,他们会拦住他,让他帮忙解 释事情。 21. Use your notes to write your introduction and sum up how you feel about this person. 用你的笔记写你的介绍,总结你对这个人的看法。 5 22.He made numerous contributions to the world,the most well- known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2. 他为世界做出了许多贡献,最著名的是广义相对论和著名的 E=mc2 公 式。 23. On 18 April 1955,it was reported that Einstein had passed away,and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 据报道,1955 年 4 月 18 日,爱因斯坦逝世,全世界哀悼这位杰出科学家 的逝世。 本单元语法本单元语法 非限制性定语从句 1.限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句对先行词具有限制作用,使该词的含义更具体、更明 确,这种从句不能省掉,否则句子的意义就不完整,从句与主句之间不 能用逗号隔开。 Do you remember the Qing Dynasty vase which I bought last year? 你记得我去年买的清代花瓶吗? He took little notice of the honours that were given to him for his research on antique. 6 他不太重视那些由于他对古董的研究而给予他的荣誉。 2.非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句跟先行词的关系并不十分密切,只是做一些附加说 明,不起限制作用,这类从句往往用逗号与主句分开。 John,who sells ancient vases,is an old friend of my fathers. 卖古代花瓶的约翰是我父亲的一位老朋友。 We walked down the village street,which led to the temple. 我们沿着村子的大街走去,大街通向庙宇。 有时这类从句所修饰的不是前面某一个词,而是代表整个主句所讲的 内容,通常用逗号与主句分开。 He bought his mother a painting for her birthday,which pleased her a lot. 他买了一幅画作为生日礼物送给母亲,这使她非常高兴。 They are coming back to us,which means that they have got the copper sword. 他们要回到我们这儿来了,这意味着他们得到了铜剑。 3.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 (1)形式不同 限制性定语从句与其先行词之间不用逗号隔开,非限制性定语从句与 7 其先行词之间一般有逗号隔开。 She heard a terrible noise coming from the ancient tower,which brought her heart into her mouth. 她听到古塔里面传来一个可怕的声音,这把她的心提到了嗓子眼上。 I will never forget the days which we spent together visiting the Summer Palace. 我永远不会忘记我们一起参观颐和园的那些日子。 (2)意义不同 限制性定语从句与其先行词关系十分密切,如果去掉从句,剩余的部分 意思往往不完整,甚至失去意义;非限制性定语从句只是其先行词的附 加说明,如去掉,句子剩余部分意思仍然完整。 We will never forget the happy days when we rebuilt the wooden tower. 我们永远忘不了我们重修木塔的那段快乐日子。 His sister,who works in an antique shop,is coming to see him tomorrow. 他在古董店工作的姐姐明天来看他。 (3)翻译不同 翻译限制性定语从句时,一般先翻译从句,后翻译先行词;翻译非限制 性定语从句时,一般先翻译先行词,后翻译从句,形成两个并列分句或 8 其他类型的分句。 I have a son who is now studying in the USA.我有一个现在在美国学习 的儿子。(可能还有儿子在别处) I have a son,who is now studying archaeology in the university.我有一个 儿子,他现在在大学学习考古学。(含有“我只有一个儿子”之意) She is going to spend the holiday in Macao,where she will visit some places of interest. 她要到澳门去度假,在那里她将游览几处名胜。 Unit 2LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE 重点句型重点句型 1. For example,the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to persuade. 比如,in my opinion 这个短语告诉我们,这篇文章可能意在说服。 2. Or,have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? 或者,你是否忘记过关电视或电脑? 3. However,in the not-too-distant future,we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. 然而,在不太遥远的未来,我们将生活在智能家居里,它能在我们离开 时锁门,在我们忘了关掉电视的时候记得关掉它。 4. These smart homes will keep us secure,save us energy,and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. 这些智能家居将保护我们的安全,节省能源,并提供一个更舒适的生活 环境。 5. The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning,and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself. 未来的家将使用集成传感器来判断你每天早上离开家的时间,然后自 己进入一个节能模式。 6. Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences,so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. 你的家也会了解你的日常习惯和喜好,所以每天晚上你回家时,一切都 会为你准备就绪。 7. .your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information. 你的智能家居将检测到它,并向你提供相关信息。 8. Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes. 许多这些新发明已经存在,并在一些家庭中使用。 8.In this sense,the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. 从这种意义上说,明天的家已经是今天的了。 10. Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV Programmes,and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. 你一进家门,灯就会亮起,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播 放),而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了 11. For example,the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off. .例如,智能家居可以控制空调和灯,这样你就不用再打开和关闭开关 了 12. Care will also be taken to combine the building and surrounding architecture together to form an effective system. 还应注意将建筑物和周围建筑结合起来,以形成有效的系统。 13. However,I could not help but feel anxious. 然而,我不禁感到担心。 14. Better not hang out with Sam then. 最好不要和山姆闲逛。 15. Words such as predict,prediction,and forecast,are also used quite often when making predictions. 做出预测时,经常使用诸如 predict,prediction 和 forecast 等词。 16. In the article,various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. 在文章中,各界人士纷纷表示,公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车的想法。 17. On the one hand,there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. 一方面,世界各地有许多不同的群体在没有新技术的情况下快乐 地生活。 18. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work,family,and community. 他们提倡简单的生活,强调努力工作、家庭和社区。 19. Moreover,the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 此外,互联网使朋友和家人能够很容易地保持联系,即使他们在世界的 另一边。 20. Nevertheless,I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. 尽管如此,我将永远看到变革积极的一面,接受而不是抵制它。 本单元语法 1、将来进行时的构成 将来进行时 肯定式 疑问式 否定式 I/We will/shall be doing. Will/Shall I/we be doing.? I/We will/shall not be doing. You/They will be doing. Will you/they be doing.? You/They will not be doing. He/She/It will be doing. Will he/she/it be doing.? He/She/It will not be doing. 二、将来进行时的构成 1.表示最近或较远的将来正在进行的动作。 Dont phone him between 5pm and 6pm.Hell be having a meeting then. 下午五点至六点之间不要给他打电话,那时他在开会。 2.表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。 The train wont be leaving until one oclock. 火车一点钟才开。 3.常用来表示预计即将发生或势必要发生的动作。 When shall we be meeting next time? 我们下次什么时候见面? 4.表示委婉语气。 Will you be needing anything else? 你还需要什么吗? 三、 将来进行时与一般将来时的区别 1.将来进行时表示将来某时正在进行的动作; 而一般将来时表示将来 某时将要发生的动作。如: What will you be doing at seven the day after tomorrow? 后天晚上七点你会在做什么呢? What will you do at seven the day after tomorrow? 后天晚上七点你干什么? 2.将来进行时表示已有的安排;而一般将来时表示临时决定。 Ill go to see him after school. 放学后我去看他。 Ill be going to see him after school. 放学后我准备去看他的。 Unit 3FASCINATING PARKS 重点句式重点句式 1. I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge. 我离开帐篷,走到山边。 2. .no one else can live here,and all new development is banned within park boundaries. 没有其他人可以住在这里,在公园的边界内禁止所有的新开发项目。 3. Since reindeer were always on the move,the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. 由于驯鹿总是在移动,萨米人会拿起他们的帐篷陪同他们一起移动。 4. I am not a Sami,but in Sarek Ive adopted some of their habits. 我不是萨米人,但在萨雷克,我接纳了他们的一些习惯。 5. After breakfast,I pack my bag and set out again. 早饭后,我收拾行李,又踏上行程。 6. Even though the sun is brightly shining,telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. 尽管阳光灿烂,也无法分辨是早晨还是晚上。 7. Around 9,000 years ago,this ice melted,leaving behind about 100 glaciers. 大约 9,000 年前,冰融化了,留下了大约 100 个冰川。 8. .Following the reindeer were the Sami people,who made this territory their home. 在驯鹿之后来的是萨米人,他们在这片土地上安家落户。 9. officially or legally prohibit 官方或法律上禁止 10. The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National park was set up in Jilin and Heilongjiang,with boundary stretching all the way to the border and joining with Russias wildlife reserves. 东北虎豹国家公园设立在吉林和黑龙江,边界一直延伸到边境,并与俄 罗斯的野生动物保护区相连。 11. This vast new park is nearly four times larger than the old wildlife park protecting Siberian tigers in Northeast China. 这个庞大的新公园是保护东北西伯利亚虎的老野生动物园的近四倍 大。 12. The problem,however,was that the old park was too small to support further population increases. 然而,问题是旧公园太小,无法承受进一步数量的增加。 13. Go straight ahead (until you come to.) 一直向前走,(直到你来到)。 14. Whichever and whatever you like,there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you! 无论你喜欢哪一个,无论你喜欢什么,总会有一个奇妙无比的主题公园 让你流连忘返! 15. As you wander around the fantasy amusement park,you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or even on the street. 当你在游乐园闲逛时,你可能会在游行队伍中,甚至在大街上看到白雪 公主或米老鼠。 16. You can also try to form a mental map of where you are going while the other person is talking. 你也可以试着在别人说话的时候形成一张你要去哪里的心理地图。 17. People come from all over America to see skilled workers make wood,glass,and iron objects in the old-fashioned way. 来自美国各地的人们看到熟练的工人以古老的方式制造木制品、玻 璃制品和铁制品。 18. Here you can walk under the Whale Shark Aquariumthe worlds largestand see up to 20,000 fish,in addition to a whale shark 68 metres in length. 在这里,你可以走在世界上最大的鲸鲨水族馆下面,除了 68 米长的鲸 鲨外,还能看到多达 2 万条鱼。 19. Then at night,see the splendid Journey of Lights Parade and fireworks display. 然后在晚上,观看灿烂的灯光之旅巡游和烟花表演。 20. I feel blessed to have been born here,and I am looking forward to many more years of welcoming visitors to an unforgettable experience at Baikal. 我很幸运地出生在这里,我期待着有更多年欢迎来巴尔卡尔体验难忘 的经历的游客。 21. The real purpose of the BioBlitz is to get people interested in the biodiversity thats all around them,even in their own backyards. 生物闪电战的真正目的是让人们对周围的生物多样性感兴趣,甚 至在他们自己的后院 本单元语法本单元语法 动词-ing 形式作主语 动词-ing 形式由“动词 + ing 形式”构成,该结构可以在句中作主语,动 词-ing 形式作主语多指抽象的、概念性的动作,可以是经常性的行为。 Swimming does good to our health. 游泳对我们的身体有好处。 Teaching children English is very interesting. 教孩子们英语很有趣。 1.动词-ing 形式作主语的用法 (1)直接用在句首作主语 Learning about a language is easier than using it. 学习有关语言的知识比使用它容易。 Working all day made her very tired.工作了一天使她很劳累。 (2)用 it 作形式主语,把动词-ing 形式后置,常用在下面句式中。 It is no good quarrelling with him. 和他争吵没有好处。 It is no use telling her not to worry. 告诉她不要着急也没有用。 Its a waste of time arguing about it. 争论这事是浪费时间。 (3)用于“there be”结构中 There is no saying when it will stop raining. 无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 (4)动词-ing 形式的复合结构作主语 当动词-ing 形式有自己的逻辑主语时,常可以在前面加上一个名词或 代词的所有格,构成动名词的复合结构。 His coming to the party made me very excited. 他来参加派对使我很兴奋。 Toms failing in the exam made his parents worried. 汤姆考试不及格使他父母着急。 2.动词-ing 形式作主语和动词不定式作主语的区别 动词-ing 形式和不定式作主语,都是说明一个内容。但是,不定式通常 表示一个将来的、具体的内容;而动词-ing 形式则表示一种经常性的、 习惯的或抽象的概念。 To look after children is her job today. 她今天的工作是看孩子。 Looking after children is her work. 她的工作是照顾孩子。 Unit 4BODY LANGUAGE 重点句式 1. Just like spoken language,body language varies from culture to culture. 就像口语一样,肢体语言因文化而异。 2. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 最关键的是使用身体语言的方式要适合你所处的文化。 3. In other countries,by contrast,eye contact is not always approved of. 相反,在另一些国家,眼神交流并不总是被认可。 4. In Japan,someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. 在日本,有人看到另一个人使用这种手势可能会认为这意味着金钱。 5. Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. 即使我们使用的表示“是”和“否”的手势在世界各地也是不同的。 6. Elsewhere,people favour shaking hands,bowing from the waist,or nodding the head when they meet someone else. 在其他地方,人们喜欢握手、鞠躬或者在遇到别人时点头。 7. A smile can break down barriers. 微笑可以消除隔阂。 8. Words are important,but the way people stand,hold their arms,and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings. 语言是重要的,但人们的站立、抱着双臂和手移动的方式也给我们提 供了他们的情感的信息。 9. Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. 有些手势似乎在各地都有相同的意思。 10. We make assessments and inferences from body language. 我们根据肢体语言进行评估和推论。 11. Scientists have found that when we feel proud and powerful,we usually straighten up to make ourselves bigger. 科学家们发现,当我们感到骄傲和强大时,我们通常会直起身子,使自 己更高大。 12. By bowing,we mean “bending our head or body forward as a sign of respect or shame”. 鞠躬,意味着“把头或身体向前弯曲,以此作为尊重或羞耻的标志。 ” 13. The actor reveals the situation and messages,and the group compares notes. 表演者揭示情况和信息,小组成员交换意见。 14. Use the table below to clarify any misunderstandings or different answers. 用下面的表格阐明误解或不同的答案。 15. With their chins on their hands,they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. 他们双手托着下巴,眼睛盯着窗外或天花板。 16. While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. 尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是很 容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。 17. Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher. 有些学生这样做仅仅是因为他们害怕老师提问。 18. However,if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping,then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work. 但是,要是学生都懒得梳头,并且两眼因哭泣而发红,那么我能够推断 她遇到了更严重的问题。 19. Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities,when to intervene,and when to talk to students individually. 他们的肢体语言让我知道什么时候调整课堂活动,什么时候干预,什么 时候单独与学生交谈。 20. While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to dis
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