（2021新人教版）高中英语必修第一册Unit 4　Natural disasters （课件+讲义+课时作业）.zip

Section Listening and speaking _cover_our_head_with_our_hands;_stay_away_from_glass,_windows; _hide_under_a_desk_or_table_and_so_on. (2)In_my_view,_we_should_find_an_open_space_away_from_build ings,_trees_and_power_lines_as_soon_as_possible. 2What should you do if you are trapped after an earthquake? Keep_calm_and_use_a_cell_phone_to_call_for_help._You_can_als o_tap_on_a_pipe_or_a_wall_or_whistle_for_help. 课时作业 13 .阅读理解 A There was an earthquake this morning. I was working in front of my computer when it hit the city. The quake started with a sudden loud noise. I thought that something heavy in a neighbors house probably had fallen. However, the walls and the floor began to shake. I finally realized it was an earthquake. My son Zac, a sixteenyearold boy, was sleeping with his door locked. Being sixteen, he can sleep through any kind of noise. “Zac！” I shouted. “Are you OK？” But nobody replied. I was a little worried. I couldnt imagine that someone was able to get such a deep sleep. The house was dancing. There were waves in the swimming pool. I was afraid the house would come down. “Zac！” I yelled, knocking on his door with an open palm (手掌). “Zac! Wake up! Its an earthquake! We need to get out！” My son finally emerged in his underpants. We looked around the room. I knew that we should hide under a table to stop things from falling on us and stay away from glass. Unfortunately, none of our furniture was designed for hiding under. “Should we go into the garden？” Zac asked. “No, trees could fall on us！” I said. Actually, Zac had done earthquake drills (训练) at school. He must have been told to hide under a desk and cover his head. But we had nothing to cover our heads in the house. Luckily, before we took any action, the windows stopped moving and the pool calmed down. Everything went back to normal soon. But both my son and I knew what we should do, because we knew if there had been a really big earthquake this morning, we couldnt have escaped from it. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。一场地震让作者和她儿子知 道要防患于未然。 1When the earthquake started, the author _. Adidnt hear anything Bwas repairing her computer Cdidnt consider it an earthquake Dwas sleeping with her door locked 答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段的“I thought that something heavy in a neighbors house probably had fallen. However, the walls and the floor began to shake. I finally realized it was an earthquake.”可知，作者一开始没有意识到发生了地震。 2According to Paragraph 2, why was the author worried? ABecause her son seemed to be in pain. BBecause she couldnt wake her son up. CBecause her son was locked in his room. DBecause she couldnt solve her sons sleep problem. 答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段的“But nobody replied. I was a little worried.”可知，作者担忧是因为她无法叫醒儿子。 3What problem did the author and her son face? AThey couldnt get out of the house. BThey couldnt stop things from falling. CThey couldnt find anything to hide under. DThey couldnt remember what to do in an earthquake. 答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段的“Unfortunately, none of our furniture was designed for hiding under.”可知，她们家里没 有任何可躲避的地方。 4The author and her son most probably realized they should _. Areplace their furniture Bbuild a stronger house Creceive earthquake drills Dwatch the weather report often 答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据全文内容以及最后一段的 “But both my son and I knew what we should do, because we knew if there had been a really big earthquake this morning, we couldnt have escaped from it.”可推断，作者和她儿子在这次地震中意识到应该未 雨绸缪，为地震做好准备，故很有可能换家具。 B Making employees feel happy and healthy at work is good for many businesses. But it isnt always an easy thing. A research suggests that just 33% of the US. employees consider themselves fully engaged (投身于) at work, while 16% are actively disengaged, and 51% are just showing up. But there is an exception. When it comes to employee engagement, it seems that employees in small companies are doing better. According to the same research, the largest US. companies have the lowest levels of engagement, while companies with fewer than 25 employees have the highest. And in one recent report, 75 percent of small business workers surveyed said they were “very” or “extremely” satisfied with their role as a small company employee. Unlike big companies, small companies are often short of resources but the employees can get more surprises there. Small companies offer excellent career opportunities to their employees. The bosses often know their staff very well and understand their personal needs. Employees of small companies are more likely to receive free meals, paid leave, and they can even bring their pets to work. But of course, therere many other draws in small businesses. One of the top draws is flexible scheduling (弹性工时). Another is being able to really see the fruits of ones labor. Besides, noncash award is also a big draw. This could be something small that reflects employees interests and lifestyles. While a parental leave might lead to some financial problems, small companies may do something to improve it. “It may be impossible for a fiveperson team to be reduced to four for six months， ” writes Camilla Velasquez, head of HR management platform Justworks. “But it could be possible to allow new parents to take on reduced hours in a workfromhome environment.” This kind of method has been realized in some small companies. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了小型企业的员工 比大型企业员工的幸福感更强，并分析了原因。 5What can we infer from Paragraph 2? AEmployees can develop better in small companies. BEmployees can earn more money in small companies. CEmployees in big companies are hard to be satisfied. DEmployees in small companies are more engaged at work. 答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段的“When it comes to employee engagement, it seems that employees in small companies are doing better.”可知，相对于大公司的员工来说，小公司的员工更能很 好地投入到工作中。 6What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? AThe benefits of working for small companies. BThe differences between small and big companies. CWhat challenges staff in small companies may face. DWhy small companies are short of resources. 答案与解析：A主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Small companies offer excellent career opportunities.”可知，这些都是在小公司工作的 好处，所以可知答案。 7What does the underlined word “draws” in Paragraph 4 mean? AChoices. BAttractions. CDifficulties. DCompetitions. 答案与解析：B词义猜测题。根据下文的“flexible scheduling” ， “being able to really see the fruits of ones labor”及“noncash award”等推测，该词义为“吸引人的东西” 。 8What can be most probably inferred from the passage? ASmall companies may have more employees with much happiness. BBig companies should learn from some small companies. CEmployees should have their own hobbies and lifestyles. DEmployers should pay more attention to the staffs needs. 答案与解析：A推理判断题。本文主要讲了跟大型企业相比， 小型企业的员工可以享受更多更好的待遇，因而他们的幸福感更强。 再根据第二段的“And in one recent report, 75 percent of small business workers surveyed said they were very or extremely satisfied with their role as a small company employee.”所以可推测，小型企业 的员工幸福感更强。 .完形填空 Luckily, I got four turkeys this holiday. I _1_ only one of them. I _2_ my neighbor was going through a hard time, so I decided to give one to them as a _3_. That still _4_ me with two extra (额外的) turkeys. I _5_ to cook one of them, make sandwiches and _6_ them to an area of town where many people seem to be in need of food and a little _7_. While I was waiting for the bus to get there, I saw two people that I thought might _8_ sandwiches. The moment they came near, I _9_ them each a sandwich, along with a smile card, and told them to have a good day. I received _10_ in return. On the bus, a young mother got on with her little girl. I offered her a sandwich, and she _11_ accepted. Then I started giving them to other _12_， along with smile cards, and they also _13_ with smiles. By this point, I was _14_ happiness and couldnt help smiling. I felt _15_ because of that. When we got to the bus terminal (终点), I had given away five sandwiches. The act of _16_， the care shared and the _17_ smiles just made my heart filled with so much _18_. I think what I have done is good for everyone, _19_ I will do this again soon. Giving not only makes you feel wonderful but it also _20_ happiness to others. 【语篇解读】本文是记叙文，主题语境是社会服务。作者向陌 生人赠送火鸡三明治，陌生人投以微笑，彼此都感到快乐。 1A.needed Bnoticed Cordered Dsaved 答案与解析：A根据上文的“got four turkeys this holiday”及 下文的“I decided to give one to them”和“two extra turkeys”可知， 作者只需要一只火鸡。 2A.meant Bshowed Cknew Dproved 答案与解析：C由“neighbor”及“I decided to give one to them”可知，作者知道邻居家有困难。 3A.prize Bgift Cchoice Dwish 答案与解析：B根据上文的 holiday 及 give 可知，作者决定把 一只火鸡作为礼物送给邻居家。 4A.filled Bupset Cprovided Dleft 答案与解析：D根据上文作者需要一只，送给邻居一只及下文 “two extra turkeys”可知，作者还有两只火鸡。 5A.learned Bwaited Chelped Ddecided 答案与解析：D根据第二段第一句可知，作者决定把火鸡做成 三明治带给其他人。 6A.mail Blend Csell Dtake 答案与解析：D参考上题解析。 7A.time Bkindness Cluck Dexperience 答案与解析：B根据“an area of town where many people seem to be in need of food”可知，作者决定把做好的三明治带到这个城镇 最需要食物和善意的地方。 8A.have Bmake Clike Dbuy 答案与解析：C根据下文作者送给这两个人三明治可知，作者 认为这两个人也许喜欢三明治。 9A.cooked Boffered Cfound Dpaid 答案与解析：B由下文“along with a smile card, and told them to have a good day”可知，作者主动赠给这两个人火鸡三明治。 10A.money Badvice Csmiles Dpresents 答案与解析：C从下文“they also _13_ with smiles”可知， 这两个人用微笑回报作者。 11A.gladly Bsecretly Cseriously Dsuddenly 答案与解析：A根据下文“they also _13_ with smiles”可知， 这对母女高兴地接受了。 12A.passengers Bshoppers Cneighbors Ddrivers 答案与解析：A作者在公交车上，所以把三明治送给其他乘车 的人。 13A.refused Btried Caccepted Dexplained 答案与解析：C由下文“with smiles”可知，其他乘客也高兴 地接受了。 14A.expecting Brequesting Crecording Dachieving 答案与解析：D根据下文“and couldnt help smiling”可知，作 者收获着幸福。 15A.busy Bgreat Csafe Dnervous 答案与解析：B根据上文“I was _14_ happiness and couldnt help smiling”可知，给陌生人赠送三明治让作者觉得棒极了。 16A.thinking Blove Cgiving Dbravery 答案与解析：C由最后一段的 Giving 可知，这是一种给予行为。 17A.surprised Bsad Cforced Dweak 答案与解析：A作者给陌生人火鸡三明治，当然会让他们感到 惊讶，所以他们的笑容也是惊讶的。 18A.joy Bcalmness Ccourage Dworry 答案与解析：A由上文“I was _14_ happiness and couldnt help smiling”可知，作者内心充满喜悦。 19A.if Bthough Cbut Dso 答案与解析：D作者认为她所做的对每个人都有好处，所以她 会不久再做一次。 20A.returns Bbrings Cteaches Dserves 答案与解析：B根据上文可知，给予也能给他人带来快乐。 Section Reading and Thinking .核心单词 根据音标及词义写出正确的单词 1disaster/dzst(r)/n.灾难；灾害 2rescue/reskju/n. trapped; trapping 8.bury vt.埋藏；掩埋；隐藏 ( 经典例句)Ever since he moved there, he has been buried in his research work. 自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。 (1)bury.in. 把埋到里 bury ones face in hands 双手掩面 (2)Error! 埋头于；专心于，沉浸于 She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news. 当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。 In the past three weeks, we have been burying ourselves in study because the exam is drawing near. 在过去的三个星期里，我们专心致志地学习，因为考试即将到 来。 即学即练单句写作 他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。(一句多译) (1)Buried (bury) in his study, he didnt know that all the others had left. (2)Burying (bury) himself in his study, he didnt know that all the others had left. (3)Because he was_buried_ (bury) in his study, he didnt know that all the others had left 图形助记： 一词多义的“bury” 9.effort n努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 (教材 P50)With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the citys people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 在政府的大力支持和市民的不懈努力下，一个新唐山在废墟上 建立了起来。 spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力 make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事 I do believe that all your efforts will pay off sooner or later. 我的确相信你的努力迟早会有所回报。 As far as Im concerned, you should make a greater effort to study hard. 依我看来，你应该更加努力学习。 即学即练词汇升级 (低频词汇)If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance, I will try my best to finish the task. (高频词汇)If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance, I will spare_no_effort_to finish the task.(升级加黑词汇) 名师指津：学会高频词汇“spare no effort to do sth.”代替“try ones best to do sth.”哟！ 10.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 (教材 P51)What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need? 你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？ (1)suffer from 患病；因而受苦 suffer from a bad cold 患重感冒 (2)suffer pains/hardship 遭受痛苦/困难 suffering n 苦难，痛苦 sufferer n 受难者 As far as I know, he has ever suffered from a serious illness. 据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。 The company suffered a great loss as a result of the accident. 由于那次事故，该公司才遭受了重大损失。 即学即练单句语法填空 (1)The people in this country have suffered (suffer) a lot because of the war. (2)The old man is said to have gone through all kinds of sufferings (suffer) during the war. 巧学助记： We all want to do something to help those sufferers out of their sufferings. 我们都想做些事去帮助那些受苦者摆脱痛苦。 第二板块第二板块|重点句型解构重点句型解构 1句型公式：tooadj.to.“太不” (教材 P50)Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. 鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍里去。 too adj. for sb. to do sth. .意为 “太而不能” ，表 示否定意义 I was too young to understand the meaning of the film.我太年 幼，不理解这部电影的含义。 The problem is too difficult for me to settle.这个问题太难了， 我解决不了。 即学即练一句多译 小男孩太小了不能去上学。 (1)The little boy is so_young_that_he cant go to school. (2)The little boy is_too_young_to_go_to school. 名师指津：牢记 too. to.表示否定意义，可以与 so. that.句型 相互转换。 2.句型公式： as if as though“仿佛；好像” ，可用来引导表 语从句 (教材 P50)It seemed as if the world were coming at an end！仿佛到 了世界末日！ 1as if 从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发 生的 2as if 从句用虚拟语气： 从句用一般过去时与现在的事实相反 从句用过去完成时与过去的事实相反 从句用 would/could/might do 形式与将来的事实相反 Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain. Lets hurry up. 看看天上的乌云！看起来要下雨，咱们快一点。 He talks to them as if they were children.他同他们说话，就当他 们是孩子一样。 即学即练 单句语法填空 (1)The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were (be) their own mother. (2)He opened his mouth as if he would_say (say) something. 名师指津：as if 解题的关键在于能明白是对现在、过去还是将来的虚拟；如果 对现在的虚拟，系动词 be 不管是第几人称都用 were。 .单词拼写 1A great number of people suffered (遭受) a great deal in the earthquake. 2In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought back to life after death (死亡) 3A great deal of money has been collected to help those suffering from the floods (洪水) 4Too much drinking will do damage (伤害) to your health; you should take the doctors advice. 5We should find a shelter (躲避处) from the wind. 6Helicopters rescued (营救) nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building. 7I cant imagine a life without_electricity (电) 8All the listeners were greatly shocked (震惊的) when they heard the terrible news on radio. 9His parents and his little brother lost their lives in the disaster_ (灾难) 10The well walls had deep cracks (裂缝) before the terrible earthquake happened. .单句语法填空 1These old people have experienced all kinds of sufferings (suffer) in their difficult times. 2He talks about Rome as if he had_been (be) there before. 3Though suffering (suffer) such a heavy loss, the boss didnt lose the courage to go on with his business. 4Trapped (trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude. 5Im shocked (shock) at his determined attitude towards this matter. 6It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday. 7Around 540 million people are_affected (affect) by secondhand smoke, which causes 100,000 deaths per year. 8Buried (bury) under the ruins, the little girl was rather frightened. 9The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed (destroy) 10When it was my turn to express my opinion, I was too nervous to say a word. .完成句子 1我建议你应该待在这儿，好像什么事也没有发生过。 I suggest that you should stay here as_if_nothing_had_happened. 2