（2021新教材）人教版高中英语必修第一册（高一）知识点讲解课件（4份打包）.zip

Unit 2 知识点讲解 1. apply for a visa (教材p24) apply vi/vt 申请；应用；涂 application n.申请；应用 applicant n. 申请人 apply (to sb.) for (向某人） 申请. apply to 应用；运用 (1) 他向学校申请奖学金（schoolarship）。 He applies to the school for schoolarship. (2) 我们应该英语运用到生活中去。 We should apply English to our life. 即学活用 根据括号中的汉语完成句子。 (1) They have the student club. ( 申请加入) (2) I a personal loan to buy a secondhand car last year. (申请) (3) I had to fill in an . (申请表格). applied to join applied for application form 2. Why famous: amazing waterfalls(教材p25) amaze v. 使吃惊 amazing adj. 令人惊奇的 amazed adj. 感到吃惊的 amazement n. 惊讶 be amazed at / to do sth 对.惊讶 to ones amazement 令人惊讶的是 in amazement 惊讶地 （1）我们对这个令人惊奇的发现很惊讶。 We are amazed at the amazing discovery. 即学活用 根据所给单词的正确形式填空。 (1) What he said (amaze) everyone in the meeting. (2) She makes most (amaze) cakes. amazed amazing 3. Actually, Ive just finished the travel arrangements. (教材p25) arrangement n. 安排；筹备 arrange v.安排；筹备 make arrangements for 为.作安排 arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做. （1）我已经安排李明去扫教室。 I have arranged for Li Ming to clean the classroom. 即学活用 （1）We can arrangeverything _ you. （2）What do you think of this （ arrange）? arrangement for 4. Recognise text type.识别课文类型。（ 教材P26） recognize v. 辨认出；承认；认可 recognition n. 认出；认识 recognize . as/ to be 承认.是. be recognized as/ to be .被公认为. （1）李华是我们班上公认最好的学生。 Li Hua is recognized as the best student in our class. 即学活用 用recognise的适当形式填空。 (1) Years of experience in this field has deepened my of quality. (2) My work is not by anybody! recognization recognized 5. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets（教材P26） admire v. 钦佩，赞赏，欣赏 admiration n. admirable adj. 可钦佩的 admire sb. for sth 因.钦佩/羡慕某人 （1）她漂亮的书写令我羡慕。 I admire her for her beautiful handwriting. 即学活用 (1) What you said sounds _ (admire). (2) They admired her _ helping the old man. for admirable 6. Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821.（教材P26） take control of 控制，接管 lose control of 失去控制 under control 控制 out of control 失去控制 即学活用 （1）The firemen said the fire was_ control and would be put out soon. under 7. These Inca roads were made up of two north south highways.（教材P27） be made up of 由.组成 make up: 构成；形成； 编造；化妆 make out 弄清 即学活用 （1）She spent too much time making herself _.up 8. request n& v. 请求；要求(教材P29) (1) make a request for 请求；要求 at the request of sb. 应某人的要求 (2)request sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事 request that . (should) do/be done . 请求/要求做某事 It is requested that . (should) do/be done 要求 即学活用 (1) The teacher sang an English song _ the request of the students. (2) The government made an official request that the meeting _ (hold) at (should) be held 9. comment n./v. 评论；发表意见 Have you got any comment to make about the cause of the disaster? 你对发生灾难的原因有何评论？ I dont feel I can comment_on/upon their decision. 我觉得我无法对他们的决定作出评论。 comment on/upon 评论 巩固练习： 1Its _ (amaze) how people collect so much stuff over the years. 2Women make _ 56% of the student numbers. 3You _ (request) not to speak loudly in the hall. 4Do the same rules apply _ parttime workers? 5I feel like its time for me to take control _ the team. 6The machine can _ (recognition) handwritten characters and turn them into printed text. to up are requested amazing of recognize Unit3SportsandFitness 知识点讲解 1.Sportsandfitness运动与健康（教材P35 ） fitnessn.健康；健壮；适合 fitadj.健康的，适合的v.适合 befittodosth.适合做. befitfor适合；胜任 同义：besuitablefor 翻译句子： 他适合做这份工作。 Heisfittodothisjob. Heisfitforthisjob. 2.Wouldyouliketocomealong？（教材P36 ） comealong跟随；到来；进步；赶快 针对练习：写出comealong在句中的含义。 1.Comealong!Werelatealready._ 2.Whentherightopportunitycomesalong, shewilltakeit._ 3.YourFrenchhascomealongalotrecently. _ 赶快 到来 进步 come短语拓展： comeabout发生 comeacross偶然遇见；被理解； comeupwith提出；想出； comeout开花；出版 cometrue实现；成为现实； 完成句子：用上述短语正确形式填空。 I_anoldfriendinthestreetyesterday. Hesaidhisnewbookwould_next month.Wealsotalkedabouttheaccidentthat _thatday. cameacross comeout cameabout 3.Comeandworkoutatagym!（教材P37） workout锻炼；计算出；解决 计算出 锻炼 解决 work短语拓展： workon workat workas 从事 在工作 从事工作（职位） 4.Youcanmakeit!你会成功的！（教材P37 ） makeit获得成功；准时到达；做到 比较： getit知道，明白 5.Theymustbeathleteswhoaremasters intheirsportsandalsosetgood examplesforothers.(教材P38) 翻译句子： 1.他为我们树立了好榜样。 Hesetsagoodexampletous. setanexample(for/tosb.) (为某人)树立榜样 example相关短语： 例如 以为例 forexample takeforexample 6.Asaplayer,LangPingbroughthonorand glorytohercountry.(教材P38） honor/honourn.荣誉；尊敬;荣幸 V.向某人致敬，尊重/敬重 honoredadj.感到荣幸的 honorableadj.可敬的，高尚的 （1）inhonourofsb.=insb.shonour 为纪念某人；为向某人表示敬意 （2）honoursb.for.因.而尊敬某人 （3）很荣幸做某事 Itsan/sbshonourtodosth. havethehonourofdoing/todosth. be/feelhonoredtodosth. 1.我们每年举行龙舟赛(DragonBoatRace)纪念 屈原。 Weholddragonboatraceeveryyearinhonor ofQuYuan./tohonorQuYuan. 2.很荣幸在这里做演讲。 Itisanhonourtogiveaspeechhere. Itismyhonourtogiveaspeechhere. Iamgladtohavethehonourtogiveaspeech here. Ifeelhonouredtogiveaspeechhere. 翻译句子： determinationn.决心；决定 determinev.影响；决定；确定 determinedadj.有决心的；坚决的 （1）决心做某事 determinetodosth. bedeterminedtodosth. （2）决定某事 determineon/uponsth. 7. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. （教材P38 ） Fromthe_(determine)expression onhisface,weknewthathewas determined_(take)upthejob, whichneededgreatpatienceand _(determine). determined totake determination 针对练习： fallapart破裂；破碎；崩溃 fallfell- fallen fall短语拓展： fall behind fall asleep fall down fall in love (with.) 8.TheteamthatLangPinghadbuiltwas fallingapart.（教材P38） 落在.后面；跟不上 入睡；睡着 倒塌；砍倒；跌倒 爱上. 1.WhenIwaslearningtorideabike,Ioften _. 2.Thechild_inhermothersarms. 3.Ifyoudontstudyhard,youwill_others. 4.Ithinkthisoldchairisgoingto_. 用fall短语填空 fallapartfallbehindfallasleepfalldown fallapart fallbehind fellasleep felldown loseheart丧失信心；泄气 lose-lost-lost lose短语拓展： loseface losecontrolof loseonesway 9.Losingtwoimportantplayerswasabigchallenge, butLangPingdidnotloseheart.（P38） 丢脸 失去对.的控制 迷路 翻译句子： 1.当我们遇到困难时，我们不应该失去信心。 Whenwemeetdifficulties,weshouldntloseheart. failuren.失败；失败的人（或事物） 反义：(success-successful-succeed) failv.失败；未能通过；未做；不及格 failtodosth.未（能）做某事 fail(in)sth.在某事中失败 10.Icanacceptfailure;everyonefailsat something.（教材P38） 翻译句子： 1.他再一次没有通过汽车驾驶考试（drivingtest）。 Hefailedtopassthedrivingtestagain. Hefailedinthedrivingtestagain. giveup放弃；投降 give短语拓展： givein(tosb.)屈服；让步； giveaway赠送；泄露； giveback归还 giveoff发出（气味、热、光.) giveout用完；耗尽；分发 11.Losinggamestaughthimtopractiseharder andnevergiveup.（教材P38） 1. Dontgive_tryingtodowhatyou reallywanttodo. 2. Pleaseremindmetogive_your money. 3. Ifyouthinkyouareright,dontgive in_hisdecision. 4. Iwasafraidshewouldgive_our secrettoothers. up back to out 用give短语填空。 competevi.竞争；对抗 （1）competefor为.竞争 （2）competewith/against与.竞争 （3）competein参加 competitionn.竞争；比赛；竞赛 competitorn.竞争者；对手 competitiveadj.竞争的；有竞争力的 12.An athlete should think about honour and his/her fans if he/she is competing for his/her country. （P41） 针对练习： In this _（compete）, all the _ （compete ）are competing _ each other _ the prize money. all of them are very _ （compete）. competition competitors competitive with/againstfor makesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 makenosense无意义；讲不通 makesenseofsth.理解某物；弄懂某物 makesensetosb.为某人所理解 Itmakessensetodosth.做某事是明智的 翻译句子： 1.我不能理解这篇文章，也就是说，这篇文章对 我没有意义。 Icantmakesenseofthispassage,thatisto say,thispassagemakesnosensetome. 13.Thatdoesntmakeanysense!（P41） pretendvi&vt.假装；装扮 pretendtodosth.假装要做某事 pretendtobedoingsth.假装正在做某事 pretendtohavedonesth.假装已经做了某事 pretendthat.假装. 14. A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.（P41） 针对练习： 1.Hepretended_(do)hishomework whentheteachercamein. 2.Whenaskedaboutthecontentofthebook,he pretended_(read)it. tobedoing tohaveread makeadifference有作用或影响（教材P42） makeadifferencetosb./sth. 对某人/某事物有影响 makeno/muchdifferencetosb./st 对某人/某物没有/有很大影响 翻译句子： 1.父亲的话对我的人生有很大的影响。 Fatherswordsmademuch/agreatdifference tomylife. 15.I had no idea a letter could make such a difference! ratherthan而不是 句型：prefertodosthratherthandosth 宁愿做不愿做 比较： otherthan:除了 morethan:多于，不仅仅 lessthan:少于 针对练习： 1.Ratherthan_(ride)abikeinthecold morning,sheprefers_(take)acrowded bus. 16.Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change. (教材42) ride totake cut.out停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下；删除 cut短语拓展: cutacross抄近路穿过 cutin插嘴；打断（谈话） cutdown砍倒；削减 cutoff中断（电话通话）；阻挡；隔绝 16.RatherthancuttingoutthefoodsIenjoyed, Iaddedhealthyfoodstomymeals.(教材P42) 用cut短语填空： 1.Jeanlikestocut_herfavoritepictures fromthemagazine. 2.Iusuallycut_theparkonmywayhometo savetime. 3.Thepowersupplyhasbeencut_because oftheheavyrain. 4.Manytreeshavebeencut_inthepast10 years. 5.Itisimpolitetocut_whenothersare talking. out across off down in nowandthen有时，偶尔 同义短语： everynowandthen fromtimetotime onceinawhile attimes 17.Icouldstillhaveaburgernowandthen.(P42) compare.with/to.与.比较 compared.with/to.与.比较（作状语） compare.to.把.比作.（比喻） 针对练习： 1._(compare)withBeijing,Shanghai isbiggerinsize. 2.Weusuallycomparechildren_the risingsun. 18.Finally,Istoppedcomparingmyselfwithactresses andmodelsandlookingforthingsthatwerewrong withmyfaceorbody.（教材42） Compared to Unit 4 Natural Disasters 知识点讲解 1flood n洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没 (P48)Where are the floods? 【用法详解】 be filled with 针对练习 单句语法填空 (1)The river was _ flood after the heavy rain. (2)All the products in the supermarket are on sale so it _(flood)with customers now. (3)The boss receives _ flood of applications every day. in is flooded a 2. ruinn废墟；毁灭vt毁灭；使破产 (教材P50)In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭 fall into ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪 针对练习 单句语法填空 (1)Years of fighting has left the area in _ (ruin) (2)A large number of churches fell _ ruin after the big flood. into/to ruins 3shock n震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊 (P50)People were in shockand then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. 【用法详解】 in shock 震惊；吃惊 to ones shock 令某人震惊的是 shocked adj.震惊的 be shocked at/by.对震惊 shocking adj.令人震惊的是 联想：amaze 用法？ 针对练习 单句语法填空 (1)I was _ (shock)to hear that he had resigned. (2)_ his shock, his house was burned when he arrived home. (3)I was shocked _ this sudden change in their attitude. (4)It is _ (shock)that the accident caused four deaths and nine people injured. shocked To at shocking 4bury vt.埋葬；安葬 (P50)Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 【用法详解】 bury vt.埋藏；安葬 bury ones face in ones hands 用手捂住脸 bury oneself inbe buried in 专心致志于；埋头于 【特别提醒】 表示“专心于”的短语还有： be devoted todevote oneself to； be addicted to； focus on； concentrate on； 针对练习 单句语法填空 (1)She was sitting with her head _ (bury)in a newspaper. (2)He _(bury)in his hometown after he died. (3)_(bury)himself in his book, he didnt know it was raining outside. (4)_(bury) in his book, he didnt know it was raining outside. buried was buried Burying Buried 5effort n努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 (P50)With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the citys people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. effort n努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 make efforts to do sth. 努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事 针对练习 单句语法填空 (1)We will make _ (effort)to offer you the best service. (2)People should spare no effort _ (protect)our hometown. efforts to protect 6(P50)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临！ as if 好像，似乎as though 比较： even if/ even though 尽管 7.supplyn供应(量)；补给；pl补给品 vt供应；供给 (教材P52)The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country 为某人提供某物 supply sth to sb supply sb with sth 针对练习 单句语法填空 (1)People supplied food and clothes _ the sufferers. (2)That company was willing to supply us _ what we needed. (3)In Britain, milk _(supply)to each house in bottles every day. is supplied to with stay/keep calm保持镇静 calm down平静下来 calm sbdown 使某人平静下来；使某人镇定下来 8.calm vt& vi(使)平静；(使)镇定 adj平静的；镇静的；沉着的 9strike vt.&vi.侵袭；突击；击打 n罢工 ；罢课；袭击 (P54)The undersea quake struck around 7 00 am., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesias Sumatra Island. strikevi& vt(struck；struck/stricken) 某人突然想到 Sth. strikes/ struck sb It strikes/ struck sb that be on strike 罢工 针对练习 单句语法填空 (1)Miller _ (strike) by a car and lost his right arm. (2)_ struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team. (3)The workers are _ strike to ask for higher pay. was struck It on have an effect on/upon对产生影响 come into effect生效 side effect副作用 比较：affect v. 影响 ，(疾病)侵袭；深深 打动 10. effect n结果；效力 effective adj有效的；有影响的 针对练习 单句语法填空 (1)As far as Im concerned, punishment had very little effect _ him. (2)We should take _ (effect) measures to protect the environment. on effective Unit 5 知识点讲解 1.(P60) What is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning? attitude n. 态度；看法 attitude to/towards.对的态度 (其中 to，towards为介词) 针对练习 单句语法填空 (1)Her hardworking made us change our attitudes _ her. (2)He has a positive attitude to _(eat) family meals together. to/towards eating 2. (P60)What do the italicised words refer to in the sentences? refer to 指的是，提到；参考；查阅 reference n. 提到；参考；查阅 拓展： refer to 把移交给 Your complaint was referred to the factory. 你的投诉被移交给了厂家 针对练习 1. 写出refer to在句中的含义义 (1)Since the boy has been punished, please dont refer to that matter again.() (2)Dont refer to your notes or dictionary when taking a test.() (3)When I said some people were stupid I wasnt referring to you.() 提及；提到 查阅 指的是 2. 单单句语语法填空 (1)This _ (refer) book is very useful to our study. (2)What really surprised us was that he spoke at the meeting for nearly two hours without _ (refer) to his notes. reference referring 3. （P62）China is widely known for its ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. despite prep. 即使，尽管（=in spite of） 比较：though/although 连词+状语从句 针对性练习：用despite 或though 填空。 1. _ the weather was bad, they played happily in the open air. 2. _ the bad weather, they played happily in the open air. Though Despite 4. (1) (P62)At the beginning, written Chinese was a picturebased language. (2)You should base your conclusion on/upon careful research. (3)The movie is based on/upon a popular novel. base vt. 以为为据点；以为为基础础 n. 底部；根据 based adj.以(某事)为基础的； base . on/upon . 把建立在基础之上 be based on/upon 以为基础；依据 拓展： basis n. 基础；基本原则 basic adj. 基本的；基础的 针对练习 单句语法填空 (1) The conclusion is based _ many experiments. (2) The government provides them with not only food and shelter, but also the _ (base) skills for their living. basic on 5.(P62)It dates back several thousand years to the use of longguanimal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. date back (to.) 追溯到= date from 【特别提醒】 date from与date back to常用于一般现在时，不用于 被动语态和进行时态，常用现在分词短语形式作后置 定语。 针对练习 (1)Paper making _(date) back to about 200 BCE in China. (2)The temple has a long history _ (date) back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty. dates dating 6. (P62)Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. variety n(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化 a variety ofvarieties of 各种各样的 拓展： vary v(使)变化；改变；不同 various adj.各种各样的 针对练习 单单句语语法填空 (1