2022年新高考英语一轮专项练习：22　语法填空＋阅读理解（含解析）.docx

1、练习练习 22语法填空阅读理解语法填空阅读理解 .语法填空 2021浙江省绍兴市诊断性考试说明文212 词 Ifyoualwayshatecertainvegetables,youmaybemorethanapickyeater.Instead, youmightbea“super taster” ， aperson_1_bittergenes( 苦 味 基 因 ).Thosewhohavethe“bitter genes”are2.6timesmorelikelytoeat_2_(few) vegetablesthanothers, accordingtoanewstudy_3_ (pres

2、ent) atanannualmeeting. “Wedontgetthetasteoffoodequally，”saidprofessorDuffy, afoodtasteexpert.“It could explain some of the differences in our food _4_(prefer).” Abouthalfofuscantastebitterandsweet, sowearenotespeciallysensitivetobitterfood.Another25%arecalled“nontasters”， to_5_bitterfoodmightactual

3、lybeabitsweeter.Therestofusare_6_(extreme) sensitivetothebitternessthatsome_7_(plant) developtokeepanimalsfromeatingthem. Foodscientistsaretryingtodevelopwaysto_8_(reduce)thebitternessinvegetables, hopingthatwecankeepsupertastersfromrejectingvegetables.Infact, somevegetableswegrowtoday_9_(be) muchsw

4、eeterthanbefore. Wemightalsotrytousevariouscookingmethods,eitherbyaddingsomefat,sweetness, strongflavorslikegarlic_10_roastingthem, toimprovethetasteofthevegetables. .阅读理解 A 2021河北衡水中学联考说明文335 词 Forthefirsttime, arathaswonaBritishaidgroupstopawardforanimalbravery.Theanimalisbeinghonoredforitsworksea

5、rchi ngoutunexplodedlandmines (地雷) inCambodia. MagawawasborninTanzaniain2014, andhesalittlebiggerthannormalrats.Magawaandseveralotherratsarepartofthe“Hero Rat”programrunbyagroupcalledAPOPO.Becausetheratsaresolight, thereslittledangerthattheywillcauseaccidentswhileworking. Fromayoungagehewastrainedto

6、sniffoutTNT(炸 药).Thetrainingnormallytakesaboutayear.Magawasmainjobistosniffoutakindofbomb, knownasalandminewhichishidden,usuallyunderground.InCambodia,whereMagawaworks, landmineswerecommonduringlongperiodsofcivilwar.Since1979, thesemineshavekilledorinjuredover64，000people. Magawaistakenouttoaminefie

7、ld, whichhecarefullygoesover, sectionbysection.Magawasmaster, Malen,guideshimcarefullyacrossthefieldonaleash( 皮 带 ).WhenMagawafindsalandmine, hescratchesatthedirtaboveit, wigwaggingthathesfoundsomething. Becausetheratsworkbysniffing, theyreveryfast.ItonlytakesMagawa30minutestosearchanareaasbigasaten

8、niscourt.Ahumandoingthesa mejobwouldtakefourdays.MalensaysthatMagawaandhiscolleaguesareveryconfidentinthefield.Hewor ksquicklyandiseasilyabletomakedecisionsaboutwhethersomethingisadangerornot.Magawaisthestarsni fferofthe“HeroRat”program.Hesfound39landminesand28bombsthatweredroppedfromplanes, butneve

9、rexploded. 1WhatmadeMagawajoininthe“Hero Rat”program? AHisbeneficialbirthplace.BHisgreatachievements. CHisstricttraining.DHisbeinglightinweight. 2Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wigwagging”meaninParagraph4? ASignaling.BPretending.CRemembering.DAccepting. 3WhatcanbeinferredaboutMagawawhenheisworking? AHefi

10、ndsaminefieldineffectively.BHemakesaccuratejudgments. CHehasotherratsactconfidently.DHespendsmostofhistimediggingdirt. 4Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom? AAtextbook.BAnovel.CAnewspaper.DAdiary. B 2021东北师范大学附中摸底考试说明文328 词 Asweallknow,mostanimalsonlyperformtrickswhengiventreats.However,Kim, theworldsfi

11、rstspidertolearnaskill,needsnostimulus(刺激) todowhatshelovesjumpingtodifferentheightsanddistancesupontheinstructionofateamofscientistsf romtheUniversityofManchester. Whiletheideaoftrainingaspidermightsoundevil, theresearchersmotiveswerepurelyscientific.Theyaretryingtounlockthesecretsbehindthejumpings

12、pider sextraordinarilyhighleapstocatchprey(猎物) ortoescapetheirenemies.Abetterunderstandingofthespidersleapswouldhelpexpertsdevelopmoreefficie ntflyingandjumpingrobots. ThescientistsfoundthatKimcouldgatherenoughforceinherlegstojumpmorethansixtimesthelengtho fherownbodyfromastationaryposition.Whatwase

13、venmoreamazingwasthatshealwayslandedperfectly.F orshorterdistances,Kimusedalotofenergy,resultinginquickleaps, whichtheresearchersbelieveprobablyincreasesherchancesofcatchingfastmovingprey.Thefartherthedis tancewas, thelessextraenergywasused, resultinginslowerbutpreciseleaps. Previousstudieshaveindic

14、atedthatspidersuseboththeirmusclesandhydraulic(液压的) pressureamechanismbywhichbloodistransferredtotheirextendedlegstomakethempushoffthegroun d.However,inKimscase, herlegmusclesaloneappearedtobegeneratingenoughforcefortheliftoff.Theresearchersnowintendtodof urtherresearchtocomprehendfullynotjustthespi

15、dersjumpingtechnique, butthatofotherinsectsaswell.“Wearefamiliarwithrobotsthatareaimedattakingoverhumanfunctions, buttherearemillionsofinsectsintheworldthatperformspecificfunctionsthatwehaveinterestinandcanbead aptedforrobotics，”saysNabawy, theleadingengineeroftheresearchingteam. 5Whatisthepurposeof

16、scientistsresearchingthejumpingspiders? ATohavefunandrelax.BTohelpdeveloprobots. CTogetridofspiders.DToprotectthisspecies. 6WhydidKimusealotofenergyforshortleaps? ATojumphighenough.BTolandmoreprecisely. CTocatchfastmovingprey.DToincreasechancesofescape. 7Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthelastparag

17、raphreferto? AJumpingtechnique.BLegmuscles. CFurtherresearch.DEnergyforliftoff. 8Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage? AJumpingTechniquesUsedbyJumpingSpidersBJumpingSpidersInspiredDevelopingRobots C.AnimalsPerformTricksifProvidedWithTreatsDTheWorldsFirstSpiderThatJumpsonDemand 黄金考点 语法填空时态 考点 30时态与上

18、下文要一致 考例 Actually, I_ (start) tolearnkungfuwhenIwassevenyearsold. 点拨 根据时间状语从句 whenIwassevenyearsold 可知，此处是在叙 述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填 started。 考点 31并列成分前后时态要一致 考例 Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords, “Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“_ (turn) left！” 点拨 根据前面教练发出的两个指令可知，这三个短句属于并列结 构，都是祈使句，谓语动词用原形，所以应填 Turn，跟前面 的 Speed 和

19、Slow 一致。 练习练习 22语法填空阅读理解语法填空阅读理解 .语法填空 1with2.fewer3.presented4.preference5.whom 6extremely7.plants8.reduce9.are10.or .阅读理解 A 1 答案与解析： D根据第二段最后一句可知， Magawa 能够加入该计划的原因是重量轻。 2答案与解析：A当 Magawa 发现地雷时，他会抓上方的泥土，这是找到某物的信号。 3答案与解析：B根据最后一段中“He works quickly and is easily able to make decisions about whether s

20、omethingisa danger or not”可知，Magawa 判断准确。 4答案与解析：C本文介绍了一只非洲鼠因扫雷而荣获奖章，属于新闻时事类，很可 能来自于报纸。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇科技类的说明文。研究人员对跳蛛进行了研究，发现它们对 于不同的距离会利用不同的策略进行跳跃。科学家们希望研究跳蛛的跳跃方式对研究机器人 有所帮助。 5答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，科学家们研究跳蛛跳跃能 力的目的在于帮助开发更高效的飞行和跳跃机器人。故选 B 项。 6 答 案 与 解 析 ： C细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 中 的 “Forshorterdist

21、ances, Kimusedalotofenergy,resultinginquickleaps, whichtheresearchersbelieveprobablyincreasesherchancesofcatchingfastmovingprey.”可知， 金用大 量的能量进行短距离跳跃是为了捕捉快速移动的猎物。故选 C 项。 7 答 案 与 解 析 ： A词 义 猜 测 题 。 根 据 画 线 词 前 半 句 Theresearchersnowintendtodofurtherresearchtocomprehendfullynotjustthespidersjumpingtechnique 可知，此处应表示研究人员不仅要全面了解跳蛛的跳跃技术，还要了解其他昆虫的跳跃技术， 因此此处的 that 指代 jumpingtechnique。故选 A 项。 8答案与解析：B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了研究人员对跳蛛进行了研 究，发现它们对于不同的距离会利用不同的策略进行跳跃。科学家们希望研究跳蛛的跳跃方 式对研发机器人有所帮助。由此可知“跳蛛启发研制机器人”适合作本文标题。故选 B 项。