2021年台湾英语高考卷.pdf

1、英文考卷 第 1 页 共 9 页 2021 学年度台湾省指定科目考试 英文考科 点评：点评：台湾省的高考英语题型和上海市初中的几个题型相似：选择题、两篇 5 空的完形填空、选词填空、 句子填空、阅读选择、汉译英及写作。这些题型的设计，注重能力的培养与考查，是大陆教育改革趋向， 值得借鉴和学习。 作答注意事项作答注意事项 1、考试时间：80 分钟作答方式： 2、 选择题用 2B 铅笔在 答案卡 上作答 ； 更正时， 应以橡皮擦擦拭， 切勿使用修正液 （带） 。 3、 非选择题用笔尖较粗之黑色墨水的笔在 答案卷 上作答 ； 更正时， 可以使用修正液 （带） 。 4、未依规定划记答案卡，致机器扫描无

2、法辨识答案；或未使用黑色墨水的笔书写答案卷， 致评阅人员无法辨认机器扫描后之答案者，恐将影响成绩并损及权益。 5、答案卷每人一张，不得要求增补。 第第 壹壹 部部 分分 ： 选选 择择 题题 （ 占占 7272 分分 ） 一一 、 词词 汇汇 题题 （ 占占 1010 分分 ） 说明第 1 题至第 10 题，每题有 4 个选项，其中只有一个是正确或最适当的选项，请划记 在答案卡之选择题答案区 。各题答对者，得 1 分；答错、未作答或划记多于一个选项者， 该题以零分计算。 1. Due to a budget cut, our companys annual year-end party, wh

3、ich is usually quite a treat, has to be held at a cost. (A) hostile(B) barren(C) minimal(D) systematic 2. A plot to rob the bank was to the police, and all the people involved in the plan were caught. (A) revealed(B) cancelled(C) declared(D) explored 3. One good way to questions you dont want to ans

4、wer in a conversation is to change the topic. (A) whip(B) split(C) litter(D) dodge 4. To apply for a job, you need to have such as skills, education, and experience required by the job. (A) regulations(B) qualifications(C) preventions(D) conventions 5. For years, Lily has been all incoming calls on

5、both her mobile phone and home phone because she hates to be bothered by unknown callers. (A) glittering(B) purifying(C) mimicking(D) filtering 6. Many people felt extremely sad and angry over the news of a stray dog found abused and killed in the park. (A) flexible(B) sorrowful(C) eventual(D) optio

6、nal 7. Chris never shows up at meetings on time. His excuse for being late is that he wants to avoid small talk at the beginning of the meetings. (A) consistently(B) respectfully(C) indifferently(D) enormously 8. Steve will quit his job next week. His is completely unexpected, especially after his p

7、romotion and pay raise two months ago. (A) approval(B) enforcement(C) resignation(D) signature 9. People with an illness should avoid going to public places to keep the diseases from 英文考卷 第 1 页 共 9 页 spreading. (A) outrageous(B) infectious(C) ultimate(D) explicit 10. Although electronic devices are

8、very popular nowadays, paper are still most common in major elections around the world. (A) tokens(B) fragments(C) ballots(D) warranties 二二 、 综综 合合 测测 验验 （ 占占 10 分分 ） 说明第 11 题至第 20 题，每题一个空格，请依文意选出最适当的一个选项，请划记在答案 卡之选择题答案区 。各题答对者，得 1 分；答错、未作答或划记多于一个选项者，该题 以零分计算。 第 11 至 15 题为题组 We all know that too muc

9、h stress is not good for our health, but too little is not ideal, either. While 11 stress can be dangerous to the body, short-term stress is actually healthy. Short-term stress triggers the production of protective chemicals in our body and strengthens the bodys defenses. 12 our body is in a vulnera

10、ble situation, a burst of stress will quickly mobilize the bodys own repair system to defend the damaged areas. This 13 us from physical discomfort and sickness. Small amounts of stress hormones may even sharpen our memory. A recent study found that when rats were forced to swiman activity that plac

11、es them under stress for a short while they remembered their way through mazes far 14 than rats that were in a relaxed state. The key to a healthy lifestyle is to keep our stress level 15 . Too much stress will make us cranky and sick. Too little stress, on the other hand, will lead to boredom and l

12、ow motivation. 11. (A) contagious(B) chronic(C) diagnostic(D) tedious 12. (A) Till(B) Unless(C) When(D) Whereas 13. (A) conceals(B) derives(C) shields(D) transforms 14. (A) harder(B) better(C) less(D) further 15. (A) balanced(B) balancing(C) balances(D) to balance 第 16 至 20 题为题组 Do you know the diff

13、erence between the terms meteoroid, meteor, and meteorite in astronomy? Many people find these words confusing. However, the difference is all about their 16 . Meteoroids are far up in the sky. They are chunks of rock or metal that speed through space. Some are very large and may be hundreds of feet

14、 wide. Others 17 the size of a small stone. Most meteoroids travel around the sun in space and stay away from the Earth. However, sometimes a meteoroid will enter the Earths atmosphere. Friction with the atmosphere will cause it to 18 and burn while traveling at high speed. As a meteoroid begins to

15、burn in the atmosphere, it leaves a streak of light. When this tail-like light is falling down toward the Earth, it is called a meteor, or a shooting star. Most meteors vaporize completely before they hit the ground. If any meteor 19 its fiery journey through the atmosphere and lands on Earth, it is

16、 called a meteorite. Large meteorites can cause great explosions and much destruction on the surface of the Earth. 20 , Barringer Crater in the American state of Arizona, measuring 1,200 m in diameter and some 170 m deep, was produced by a meteorite impact. 16. (A) size(B) weight(C) location(D) temp

17、erature 17. (A) may be(B) would be(C) must have been(D) could have been 18. (A) wear out(B) turn off(C) break through(D) heat up 19. (A) approaches(B) survives(C) confirms(D) targets 20. (A) Indeed(B) Nevertheless(C) For example(D) In short 英文考卷 第 1 页 共 9 页 三三 、 文文 意意 选选 填填 （ 占占 10 分分 ） 说明 ： 第 21 题至

18、第 30 题，每题一个空格，请依文意在文章后所提供的(A)到(L)选项中分别 选出最适当者，并将其英文字母代号划记在答案卡之选择题答案区 。各题答对者，得 1 分；答错、未作答或划记多于一个选项者，该题以零分计算。 第 21 至 30 题为题组 Some people say that Cantonese is a dialect of Chinese. Others insist that it is a language in its own 21 . Who is correct? How do dialects differ from languages? Two kinds of c

19、riteria are used to 22 languages from dialects. The first are social and political: In this view, “languages” are typically written, official, and 23 , whereas “dialects” are mostly spoken, unofficial, and looked down upon. As a saying goes, “A language is a dialect with an army and a navy.” This im

20、plies that a powerful group of people like an army or a government can 24 which dialect is chosen as the official language of a state. Linguists have a different criterion: If two kinds of speech are so 25 in grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation that their speakers can understand each other, they

21、are regarded as dialects of a single language. On the other hand, if 26 is difficult or even impossible, they are different languages. On this 27 , Mexican Spanish and Argentine Spanish are dialects of the same language (Spanish). Speakers of these dialects normally have little 28 communicating with

22、 each other. Cantonese, on the other hand, is not considered a dialect of Chinese because speakers of the two languages can hardly 29 with each other. This criterion of mutual understandability, though objective, can annoy nationalists. For example, Danes and Norwegians have no difficulty understand

23、ing each other, making Danish and Norwegian 30 as dialects of the same language. Yet, few Danes or Norwegians would actually feel happy about this classification. (A) recognized(B) determine(C) sound (D) trouble(E) comprehension (F) ground (G) right(H) converse( I ) similar ( J ) prestigious (K) dis

24、tinguish(L) particular 四四 、 篇篇 章章 结结 构构 （ 占占 10 分分 ） 说明 ： 第 31 题至第 35 题，每题一个空格。请依文意在文章后所提供的(A)到(F)选项中分别 选出最适当者，填入空格中，使篇章结构清晰有条理，并将其英文字母代号划记在答案卡之 选择题答案区 。各题答对者，得 2 分；答错、未作答或划记多于一个选项者，该题以零 分计算。 第 31 至 35 题为题组 Niki de Saint Phalle, one of the most famous artists of the 20th century, was a French-Americ

25、an born in 1930. She was brought up in a very conservative family, and yet, she rejected the staid, conservative values of her family to pursue a career in painting. 31 Fortunately, painting offered her an effective therapy and a way to develop as an artist. Her famous “Nana” series gained universal

26、 praise. It is a testimony to the glory of women. 32 Some of these sculptures are very big, “so that men would look small next to them.” Saint Phalle used vivid colors in these works and her female subjects dance cheerfully and merrily. 33 Saint Phalles sculptural park, “The Tarot Garden,” inspired

27、by Tarot cards, is situated in the Italian province of Tuscany. 34 The park contains sculptures of the symbols found on Tarot cards. The brightly colored combinations of buildings and sculptures reflect the metaphysical qualities represented by the 22 main tarot cards. The sculptures, however, have

28、nothing to do with fortune telling. 35 Saint Phalle passed away on May 21, 2002, in San Diego, California, at the age of 71. Her death 英文考卷 第 1 页 共 9 页 meant the loss of a woman of diverse creative talents. (A) The series is mostly composed of life-size dolls of women in various roles such as brides

29、 and new mothers. (B) Work on the garden began in 1979, and it was officially opened to the public in May 1998. (C) Many modern women artists create sculptures that have become iconic pieces of feminist movement. (D) Through these joyful and powerful images of Nana, the artist sends a positive messa

30、ge to all women. (E) Her rebelliousness created a series of conflicts with her family, which led to a nervous breakdown at age 23. (F) Instead, the works focus on the elements of life experience, personality, and self- knowledge that the cards refer to. 五五 、 阅阅 读读 测测 验验 （ 占占 32 分分 ） 说明第 36 题至 51 题，

31、每题请分别根据各篇文章之文意选出最适当的一个选项， 请划记在 答案卡之选择题答案区 。各题答对者，得 2 分；答错、未作答或划记多于一个选项者， 该题以零分计算。 第 36 至 39 题为题组 Located in Black Canyon straddling the border between Nevada and Arizona in the southwestern region of the United States, Hoover Dam is named one of the Top 10 Construction Achievements of the 20th centu

32、ry. The dam, constructed between 1931 and 1936, was the largest of its kind at the time. Its construction was the result of a massive effort involving thousands of workers and cost over one hundred lives. Since about 1900, the Black Canyon and nearby Boulder Canyon had been investigated for their po

33、tential to support a dam that would control floods, provide irrigation water, and produce hydroelectric power. In 1928, the US Congress authorized the project. The winning bid to build the dam was submitted by Six Companies, Inc. However, such a large concrete structure had never been built before,

34、and some of the techniques were unproven. The extreme summer heat and lack of facilities near the site also presented tremendous difficulties. Nevertheless, Six Companies turned over the finished dam to the federal government on March 1, 1936, more than two years ahead of schedule. The initial desig

35、n of the dam, which was more concerned with the dams functionality than its exterior, was criticized by many as being too plain and unremarkable for a project of such immense scale. So Gordon B. Kaufmann, the architect who was brought in to redesign the exterior, greatly streamlined the design and a

36、pplied an elegant Art Deco style to the entire project. Allen Tupper True, an American illustrator, was also hired to handle the design and decoration of the walls and floors of the new dam. He integrated into his design the images and colors based on Native American visions of rain, lightning, clou

37、ds, and animals, thereby creating symbolic patterns which appear both ancient and modern. Today, Hoover Dam has become a national historic landmark. Standing at more than 725 feet above the Colorado River, the highest concrete dam in the Western Hemisphere continues to draw crowds 85 years after its

38、 creation, attracting more than a million visitors a year. 36. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for building the dam in the beginning? (A) To promote tourism.(B) To support agriculture. (C) To generate electricity.(D) To prevent natural disasters. 英文考卷 第 1 页 共 9 页 37. Which of the

39、 following statements is true about Hoover Dam? (A) Its construction lasted for more than a decade. (B) It is strong in functionality, but plain in design. (C) Its site stretches over two states in the United States. (D) It became famous because it led to the discovery of Black Canyon. 38. According

40、 to the passage, what did Six Companies, Inc. experience in the process of building the dam? (A) It was defeated by the harsh working conditions. (B) It lost some workers in the construction of the dam. (C) It benefited from prior experience of building dams of similar scale. (D) It gave up the proj

41、ect authorized by the government before the deadline. 39. What contribution did Gordon B. Kaufmann make to Hoover Dam? (A) He improved the outer appearance of the dam. (B) He enhanced the practical functions of the dam. (C) He added aboriginal flavor to the design of the floor. (D) He decorated the

42、walls of the dam with images from nature. 第 40 至 43 题为题组 France gave birth to restaurants, but it was no civilized affair. In fact, todays restaurant business is a byproduct of the class warfare that arose during the French Revolution. Back in the Middle Ages, fine dining was a privilege enjoyed exc

43、lusively by noble families who had their own grand kitchens and personal chefs. The only commercial diners for the masses were dusty, shabby roadside inns, where strangers crowded around mediocre buffets of lukewarm roasts and over-sauced beans. But sometime in the 1760s, the merchant class of Paris

44、 developed a taste for healthy clear broths which were considered restorative; hence the term “restaurant.” By the 1780s, this new Parisian “healthy food” craze led to a handful of reputable dining halls, where customers could sit at individual tables and choose from a wide range of dishes. Ironical

45、ly, the popularity of these restaurants grew at a time when the majority of the French population could not afford bread. Decades of harsh winters and oppressive taxation had taken their toll on kitchen tables. By 1789, the starving French masses could no longer be controlled. Looting and riots erup

46、ted throughout Paris, ushering in the French Revolution. Rich nobles fled to the countryside, leaving behind their highly skilled chefs and the fine wines from their cellars. Suddenly, unemployed cooks found their way to the citys eateries, and within a year, nearly 50 elegant restaurants had popped

47、 up in Paris. The restaurant business truly came into its own during the early 1800s, after General Napoleon seized control of the country. He granted “freedom of pleasure” to all citizens, as he reasoned that people who were focused on champagne and fine food probably would not conspire against him

48、. The number of restaurants rose quickly. By 1814, about three thousand restaurants were listed in a popular travel guide. Paris became the center of the new restaurant scene, which, to some degree, it remains today. 40. According to the passage, where does the word “restaurant” originate from? (A)

49、Famous chefs.(B) Popular soups.(C) Dining halls.(D) Daily menus. 41. What does “taken their toll on kitchen tables” mean in the third paragraph? (A) Deprived people of adequate food for living. (B) Controlled the nutrients in peoples diet. 英文考卷 第 1 页 共 9 页 (C) Charged people for using kitchen tables

50、. (D) Paid tribute to chefs working in kitchens. 42. Which of the following is true about commercial diners before the French Revolution? (A) Many fine restaurants were owned by highly skilled chefs. (B) Reputable dining halls were popular in Paris during the 1760s. (C) Public dining halls in the Mi