新教材（2021新牛津译林版高中英语）高一下学期期末考试英语模拟试卷分类汇编：阅读理解专题(含解析）.doc

1、2020-2021 学年江苏省高一下学期期末考试英语模拟试卷分类汇编 阅读理解专题 2020-2021 学年江苏省高一下学期期末考试英语模拟试卷 1 第一节（第一节（共共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 37.5 分分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Urban Transportation in Canada Public transportation rather, you simply go for a walk in the woods or a city park, where you slacken by usin

2、g all your senses to experience nature. Yoshifumi Miyazaki, from Chiba University, is among a growing number of scientists who have begun studying the science behind the effects of nature on human health. In his book Shinrin-yoku: The Japanese Art of Forest Bathing. Miyazaki explains the techniques

3、of forest bathing. Miyazaki has an interesting theory about why shinrin-yoku is so effective. He points out that for more than 99.99% of the time, humans have lived in a natural environment. In fact, in 1800, only 3% of the worlds population lived in cities, and by 2016, this figure reached 54%. Thi

4、s is only going to get worse; officials predict that by 2050, 66% will live in cities. This suggests we live in our modem society with bodies that are still used to the natural environment, he writes in the book, because “genes cannot change over just a few hundred years. The science behind the rese

5、arch studies he presents in the book makes a convincing case that forest bathing is an effective method for reducing stress in todays world. Now city planners are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of nature and are creating new kinds of “parks” out of empty spaces. Therere also more city

6、 gardens where people can grow vegetables. For kids, kitchen gardens in schools are becoming popular.As Miyazaki stresses, you dont have to find a formal park or garden to practice shinrin-yoku. Instead, you can enjoy the effects of nature wherever therere plants. Better yet, he says, we can bring n

7、ature closer to where we spend most of our time. Miyazakis research has shown that just increasing the amount of plants in a room can affect the relaxation benefits of the room. Whats more, even when people simply look at flowers, their bodies relax and stress levels decrease. 4What does the underli

8、ned word in Paragraph 1 mean? ABehave.BEntertain.CSleep.DRelax. 5How does the author mainly develop the third paragraph? ABy giving examples.BBy listing figures. CBy making remarks.DBy presenting research findings. 6Why does forest bathing work effectively according to Miyazaki? AHuman genes can cha

9、nge easily.BNature is part of the modem society. CHuman body can integrate into nature.DPeople can always get excited in nature. 7Which of the following will Miyazaki agree on forest bathing? AIt is easy to operate.BIt is meant for gardeners. CIt is unaffordable in the city.DIt is inconvenient to pr

10、actice. 【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述日本科学家 Miyazaki 有关“森林浴”的研究及其和人类健康 的关系。 4D【解析】词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词所在句“Forest bathing doesnt mean you take a bath in the forest; rather, you simply go for a walk in the woods or a city park, where you slacken by using all your senses to experience nature.(“森林浴”并不是指你在森林里洗澡；相反，你 只是

11、在树林里或城市公园里散步，在那里你会放松下来，用你所有的感官去体验自然)” 中的“using all your senses to experience nature”可知， 感受森林浴的过程是用所有的感官去 体验自然，可以推断这是一个放松的过程，所以划线词 slacken 应该是“放松”的意思，D 选项 relax 和它词义接近。故选 D 项。 5B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“He points out that for more than 99.99% of the time, humans have lived in a natural environment. In fact, i

12、n 1800, only 3% of the worlds population lived in cities, and by 2016, this figure reached 54%. This is only going to get worse; officials predict that by 2050, 66% will live in cities.(他指出，在 99.99%以上的时间里，人类都生活在自然 环境中。事实上，在 1800 年，只有 3%的世界人口居住在城市，到 2016 年，这个数字达 到 54%。这只会变得更糟；官员们预测，到 2050 年，66%的人口将居住

13、在城市)”可知， 该段主要是以列数字的方式展开讲述 Miyazaki 提出的理论。故选 B 项。 6C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Miyazaki has an interesting theory about why shinrin-yoku is so effective. He points out that for more than 99.99% of the time, humans have lived in a natural environment.(Miyazaki 有一个有趣的理论来解释为什么 shinlin -yoku 如此有效。 他 指出，在 99.99%以上的时

14、间里，人类都生活在自然环境中)”可知，宫崎骏认为人类和自 然是一体的，不可分割的，所以“森林浴”对人们放松身心是有效的。故选 C 项。 7 A 【解析】 推理判断题。 根据第五段“As Miyazaki stresses, you dont have to find a formal park or garden to practice shinrin-yoku. Instead, you can enjoy the effects of nature wherever therere plants.(正如 Miyazaki 强调的那样，你不必找一个正式的公园或花园来练习“森林浴”。相 反，你

15、可以在任何有植物的地方享受大自然的效果)”可知，Miyazaki 认为人们可以在任 何有植物的地方享受“森林浴”，所以要进行“森林浴”是很容易的。故选 A 项。 C Streaming (流媒体) first became popular in 2005, thanks to YouTube. Nowadays nearly three quarters ofAmerican households subscribe to at least one video streaming service. With almost 200 million subscribers worldwide an

16、d a billion hours of content viewed each week, Netflix is by far the biggest paid service. No. 2 isAmazon Prime Video. But for every Goliath, there are a hundred Davids. Many smaller streaming services show nothing but sports, classic movies, or Japanese anime (动画片). In the early days of steaming th

17、e appeal was the lower cost, and it still is. The average streamer spends $37 a month (and subscribes to three streaming platform, while the average cable (有线电视) user pays more than $200 per month. Still streaming has become more expensive in recent years. In 2019, Netflix raised the price of its ba

18、sic service 12.5 percent, to $8.99 a month.A quarter of is subscribers, who protested price increases, said they would cancel their subscriptions. Few did. Amajor reason: Streaming networks have become home to many of the most popular TV series, including recent Emmy winners. They offer full-length

19、feature films as well, and last year, Netflix received more Oscar nominations (提名) than any other media company. In fact, streaming has changed the Oscar competition, at least for this year. Usually only films shown in theaters are considered, but because of the coronavirus, all movies released onli

20、ne in 2020 are qualified for the 2021Academy Awards. That shift is especially good news for Disney, which is putting the much anticipated movie Mulan on its new streaming service, Disney+. But watching Mulan from your own home will cost $29.99-on top of the services monthly fee of $6.99. Too much st

21、reaming can have its disadvantages, however. There are those who binge-watch, a term Merriam-Webster added in 2017 with the definition “to watch many or all episodes of (a TV series) on end.Alejandro Fragoso from New York holds the Guinness World Record: 94 straight hours. 8What do the underlined wo

22、rds “Goliath and “David in Paragraph 1 refer to? ATV viewers.BTV programs.CStreaming subscribers.DStreaming services. 9Why did most Netflix subscribers continue their subscriptions? AThey cannot go without it. BThey think the low cost is a thing of the past. CNetflix has controlled the market. DThey

23、 think it is good value for money. 10What does the good news in Paragraph 3 mean to Disney? AThe movie Mulan can be released on Disney+. BThe movie Mulan will generate great profits. CThe movie Mulan can compete for an Oscar. DThe movie Mulan will win an Oscar award. 11What do binge-watchers tend to

24、 do? AThey start a new life.BThey watch TV series continuously. CThey break world records.DThey watch TV series aimlessly 【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。本文介绍了流媒体在美国的发展。 8D【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段“With almost 200 million subscribers worldwide and a billion hours of content viewed each week, Netflix is by far the biggest paid

25、service. No. 2 isAmazon Prime Video.( Netflix 在全球拥有近 2 亿用户，每周有 10 亿小时的内容浏览量，是目前为 止最大的付费服务提供商。 排名第二的是亚马逊 Prime Video。 )”和“Many smaller streaming services show nothing but sports, classic movies, or Japanese anime(许多小型流媒体服务只 播放体育、经典电影或日本动漫)”可知，在排名一、二的 Netflix 和亚马逊这样的流媒体 服务商之外，有许多小型的流媒体服务接踵而至，因此“Goliat

26、h 和 “David在此处代指 流媒体服务，故选 D。 9D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Aquarter of is subscribers, who protested price increases, said they would cancel their subscriptions. Few did.( 四分之一的订阅者抗议价格上涨， 并表 示他们将取消订阅。很少这样做的。)”和第三段“Amajor reason: Streaming networks have become home to many of the most popular TV series, includin

27、g recent Emmy winners. They offer full-length feature films as well, . (一个主要原因是:流媒体网络已经成为许多最受 欢迎的电视剧的发源地，包括最近的艾美奖得主。他们也提供完整长度的电影，).” 可知，大多数 Netflix 用户继续订阅是因为流媒体网络已经成为许多受欢迎的电视、电影 的片源地，他们认为物有所值，故选 D。 10C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Netflix received more Oscar nominations (提名) than any other media company. In fact

28、, streaming has changed the Oscar competition, at least for this year.( Netflix 获得的奥斯卡提名比其他任何媒体公司都多。事实上，流媒体已经改变了奥 斯卡竞赛，至少今年是这样。)”和“all movies released online in 2020 are qualified for the 2021Academy Awards. That shift is especially good news for Disney, which is putting the much anticipated movie M

29、ulan on its new streaming service, Disney+.( 2020 年在网上上映的 所有电影都有资格获得 2021 年奥斯卡奖。这一转变对迪士尼来说尤其是个好消息，该公 司正将备受期待的电影花木兰(Mulan)放到其新的流媒体服务 Disney+上)”可知，对 迪斯尼来说的好消息是电影花木兰可以角逐奥斯卡奖了，故选 C。 11B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“There are those who binge-watch, a term Merriam-Webster added in 2017 with the definition “to watch m

30、any or all episodes of (a TV series) on end. Alejandro Fragoso from New York holds the Guinness World Record: 94 straight hours. (韦氏 词典在 2017 年增加了“binge-watch(刷剧)”一词，指“一口气看完(电视剧)很多集或所有 集”。来自纽约的 Alejandro Fragoso 保持着连续 94 小时的吉尼斯世界纪录。)”可知， binge-watchers 倾向于不停刷剧，故选 B。 D I have learned something about

31、myself since I moved from Long Island to Florida three years ago. Even though I own a home in Port St. Lucie just minutes from the ocean, every winter an uncontrollable urge(冲动) wells up to fly back to Long Island even as others make their way south. I guess I am a snowbird stuck in reverse(反向). Dul

32、led by Floridas mild winters, I willingly suffer the cold weather on Long Island, the place I called home for 65 years. Im like a bird that has lost its sense of timing and direction, my wings moving against routine. So what makes me fly against the habits of snowbirds? The answer has a lot to do wi

33、th my unwillingness to give up the things that define(给.下定义) who I am. Once I hear that the temperature on Long Island has fallen into the range of 40 to 50 degrees Fahrenheit, I begin to long for the sight and sound of a wood fire. I also long for the display of coloursfirst in the fall trees, and

34、then in the lights around homes and at Rockefeller Center. Floridians decorate, too, but cant create the special feel of a New England winter. Moreover, when I return I can celebrate the holidays with people I havent seen in months. What could be better than sitting with family and friends for a Tha

35、nksgiving turkey dinner, or watching neighbours children excitedly open gifts on Christmas? Even the first snowfall seems special. While these simple pleasures are not unique to Long Island, they are some of the reasons I comeback. Who says you cant go home? I know I will be ordering a ticket this v

36、ery night and cured of homesick(思乡病) tomorrow. 12What does the author think of his life in Florida? AExciting.BRelaxing.CPainful.DBoring. 13Why does the author compare himself to a snowbird stuck in reverse? AHe has lost his sense of direction. BHed rather go north in winter. CHe hates travelling by

37、 plane. DHe likes snow very much. 14The author uses Paragraph 3 to. Adescribe his hometowns fall scenes. Bshow how he loves family gatherings. Cexplain why he wants to return to his hometown. Dcompare the difference between Florida and Long Island. 15What is the author going to do tonight? ABook a f

38、light.BGo to the doctors.CEat with his family. DCheck into a hotel. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己思念故乡长岛的原因。 12D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Dulled by Floridas mild winters”（佛罗里达的暖冬让我 感到乏味）可知，作者认为他在佛罗里达的生活是无聊的，故选 D。 13B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“every winter an uncontrollable urge(冲动) wells up to fly back to Long Island even as

39、others make their way south”（每年冬天我都会有一种无法控制 的冲动，当其他人南下的时候，我想飞回长岛）可知，作者把自己比作逆向飞翔的雪鸟 是因为他宁愿去北方过冬，故选 B。 14C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“So what makes me fly against the habits of snowbirds? The answer has a lot to do with my unwillingness to give up the things that define(给.下定义) who I am.”（那么，是什么让我违背了雪鸟的习性呢?答案与我不愿意

40、放弃那些定义我是 谁的东西有很大关系）可知，作者用第三段来解释他为什么想回到家乡长岛，故选 C。 15A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“I know I will be ordering a ticket this very night”（我 知道我今晚就会订机票）可知，作者今晚会去订机票，故选 A。 2020-2021 学年江苏省高一下学期期末考试英语模拟试卷 3 第一节（第一节（共共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 37.5 分分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Home fires can happen quickly

41、, destroying lives and property, but unlike other disasters, most home fires can be prevented. Read on to learn 4 unexpected home fire dangers. Having old smoke alarms An effective smoke alarm can make much difference when it comes to surviving a house fire. Its not enough to change the batteries tw

42、ice a year, you also need to replace your alarms every decade. You should test your smoke alarms every month, says Lorraine Carli, vice president of the National Fire Protection Association. But also dont forget to check the dates and replace an alarm that is more than10 years old. Leaving the kitch

43、en while you cook One in five Americans admitted leaving food cooking unattended on the stove, found an American Red Cross survey. Walking away from food cooking in the kitchen is a serious fire risk. The leading cause of home fires is cooking and the leading cause of those fires is unattended cooki

44、ng, says Carli. If you need to use the stove or oven, be sure to keep an eye on it.” Turning the heat too high when you cook Turning up the heat too high can be deadly, even if youre in the kitchen while you cook. Kevin Kelley, senior director of the American Red Cross, recommends paying close atten

45、tion and turning off the burner if you see smoke or grease(油脂)starting to boil while frying food. Having a dirty stove while you cook If your stove is covered with grease, a small kitchen fire can get out of hand quickly. Clean and clear the area around the stove before turning on the heat, or the r

46、esult will be dangerous. 1How long should you have a new smoke alarm? A2 years.B10 years.C12 years.D8 years. 2What is the leading cause of fires from kitchen? AHaving a dirty stove. BTurning the heat too high. CHaving an old alarm. DWalking away from food cooking. 3Which of the following is NOT true

47、? ASome home fire dangers can be prevented. BIt is advisable to change the batteries of smoke alarms twice a year. CKevin Kelley suggests paying close attention to fried food. DHaving a dirty stove is dangerous while you cook. 【语篇解读】 这是一篇应用文。主要讲述家庭防火的四种情况（方法） 。 1 B 【解析】细节理解题。由文章“Having old smoke ala

48、rms”部分中“But also dont forget to check the dates and replace an alarm that is more than10 years old.（但也不要忘记查看日期，更换 超过 10 年的警报钟）”可知，10 年就应该更换一个新的烟雾报警器。故选 B 项。 2 D 【解析】 细节理解题。 由文章“Leaving the kitchen while you cook”部分中的“Walking away from food cooking in the kitchen is a serious fire risk.（在厨房做饭时离开是一种严重

49、的火灾风 险）”以及“The leading cause of home fires is cooking and the leading cause of those fires is unattended cooking（家庭火灾的主要原因是烹饪，而这些火灾的主要原因是无人看管烹 饪）”可知，厨房起火的主要原因是煮东西的时候离开。故选 D 项。 3 C 【解析】 细节理解题。 由文章“Turning the heat too high when you cook”部分中的“Kevin Kelley, senior director of the American Red Cross, re

50、commends paying close attention and turning off the burner if you see smoke or grease(油脂)starting to boil while frying food.（美国红十字会 高级主任 Kevin Kelley 建议，在煎食物时，如果看到冒烟或油脂开始沸腾，要密切关注 并关掉炉灶）”可知，Kevin Kelley 并非建议密切关注油炸食品。故选 C 项。 B Have you ever been on social media and seen your favorite celebrity talking