新教材（2021新牛津译林版高中英语）高一英语期末试题精选汇编：阅读理解专题.doc

1、江苏省部分名校 2020-2021 学年下学期高一英语期末试题精选汇编 阅读理解专题 江苏省天一中学 2020-2021 学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 2021-2022 Cover Art Contest Want your photo or artwork to appear on the cover of a national magazine? Heres your chance! Each month, one artist or photog

2、raphers work will be chosen to represent that months issue. Check out some part covers to find inspiration for your cover! Requirements Submit thematic artwork and photos (preferably of other teens). Only photos and artwork by teens are considered. The best images for the cover must be clear close-u

3、ps, in color and vertically oriented. Artwork must be scanned or well photographed (no flash). TeenInk has a no-tolerance policy for plagiarism (剽窃). We check the originality of all published work through WriteCheck. General Guidelines Submit entries through our website. All photographs and artwork

4、submitted to TeenInk are automatically considered for the cover art contest. Images are accepted and published throughout the year. If, however, you are sending work that is holiday-specific, please submit it two months ahead. If you dont want your name published, we will respect your request and no

5、t publish your name in print or online, but we must still have your accurate name and address information. Prizes If your submission is chosen as one of our covers, you will receive a $25 gift card as well as a free copy of that months issue! 21. Which of the following might be chosen as a cover of

6、TeenInk? A.Adrawing of Spider-Man B.A scan of van Goghs painting C.A photo of a sculpture made by a teenager D.Aphoto of several teenagers taken by their teacher. 22. What should you do if your submission is holiday-specific? A.Ask permission by calling the person in charge. B. Learn about past cove

7、rs of the magazine. C. Give a detailed account of your work. D. Submit your work two months before the holiday. 23. What will you get if your work is published in TeenInk? A. The chance to meet great artists. B.A copy of the magazine for free. C.A years membership of TeenInk for just $25. D. The opp

8、ortunity to buy the magazine at its lowest price. B People have different ways of dealing with a common cold. Some take over the counter medicines such as aspirin while others try popular home remedies (治疗) like herbal tea or chicken soup. Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing r

9、eally cures it. So why do people sometimes believe that their remedies work? According to James Taylor, professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so its easy to believe its medicine rather than time

10、 that deserves the credit, USAToday reported. It still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet are powerless against something so common as a cold. Recently, scientists came closer to figure out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviral drugs work. The

11、y attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw (拼图), which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3D model to study its surface before they can design an anti

12、viral drug that is effective enough. The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhino virus (鼻病毒) A and B. But they didnt find out about the existence of a third virus, rhinovirus C, until 2006. All three of them common cold, but drugs that work well against rhinovirus A and B ha

13、ve little little effect when used against rhinovirus C. “This explains most of the previous failures of drug trials against rhinoviruses,” study leader Professor Ann C. Palmenberp at the University of Wiscons in Madison, US, told Science Daily. Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovir

14、us C, scientists have finally built a highly detailed 3D model of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses. With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way. Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money

15、 on medicines that dont really work. 24. What does the author think of popular remedies for a common cold? A. They are quite effective. B. They are slightly helpful. C. They actually have no effect. D. They still need to be improved. 25. How do antiviral drugs work? A. By breaking up cold viruses di

16、rectly. B. By changing the surface structures of the cold viruses. C. By preventing colds from developing into serious diseases. D. By absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time. 26. What can we infer from the passage? A. The surface of cold viruses looks quite similar. B. Scientists

17、 have already found a cure for the common cold. C. Scientists were not aware of the existence of rhinovirus C until recently. D. Knowing the structure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure. 27. What is the best title for this passage? A. Drugs against cold viruses. B. Helpful ho

18、me remedies. C. No current cure for a common cold. D. Research on cold viruses. C If youve ever been annoyed by the sound of someone eating, especially as they noisily slurp (出声地吃) noodles, dont worry, youre not alone. A company has recently designed a fork that connects to an app on your smartphone

19、, which will then play noise cancelling sounds if you happen to slurp your noodles too loudly. The fork was designed with a microphone in its handle that is trained to recognize the sound of slurping. The microphone will then send a signal to the phone app, setting off the noise cancelling sounds. T

20、he company that designed the fork, called Otohiko fork, was inspired by what is called “noodle harassment” by social medians, which is running wild in Japan. “The Japanese, who generally dislike noisy eating, consider it proper and even preferable to suck up ones noodles with a loud slurping sound.”

21、 Unfortunately for visitors, however, such enthusiastic slurping tends to grate on their nerves, which is what leads to the creation of the phrase “noodle harassment” in the first place. The company behind the fork, Nissin, is the very same company that invented Cup Noodles，who brought instant noodl

22、es to the world nearly 70 years ago, so they are definitely worried about whether or not foreigners are put off by the sound of slurping noodles. The fork is being sold for a good $130, but those bothered enough by noodles slurpers will likely find it well worth the money. Nissin is only planning a

23、limited run of 5,000 forks for the time being, which can now be pre-ordered only through their website. The company is planning to begin releasing them just in time for the holidays. Of course, it still remains to be seen if the fork can be programmed to drown out the sound of loud chewers, which is

24、 probably of greater concern to sensitive western friends. 28. From the passage we can know that _ A. a microphone in the Otohiko forks handle is designed to cancel the slurping sound B. all the Japanese will be encouraged to use the Otohiko fork. C. the Otohiko fork is not available now in real sho

25、ps D. the Otohiko fork will definitely silence the sound of loud chewers 29. What does the underlined word “harassment” mean? A. DisturbanceB. PreferenceC. CancellationD. Division 30. The new fork will be the most helpful for _. A. western visitors to JapanB. fans of Japanese noodles C. the spread o

26、f Japanese cultureD. the reform of Japanese food 31. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. It tells good news to western visitors. B. It introduces a noise cancelling fork. C. It describes a famous Japanese noodle company. D. It explains a phrase “noodle harassment”. D Music died here last spr

27、ing, or rather, it was killed by members of the school committee who ignored the importance of music and drama as part of the high school curriculum. The committee decides that teaching students how to take a standardized test is more important than a curriculum in which students can explore their i

28、nterests in the arts. Because the school system is running out of funding, it needs to make sure that students pass the test or even more money will be lost If students fail the state standardized test, it is not the fault of drama and music classesthey are failing because the “academic” classes are

29、 in deficiency in a way. It is painful to think of how many students will be discouraged from singing, acting, and playing instruments because school programs are no longer offered. Many families cannot afford private music lessons, and many potential musicians and artists may not find their calling

30、s if they are not exposed to the arts in school. The fact that the school committee thinks the arts are not worth the investment will certainly make some students believe the arts are not worth their time or support and the cycle will continue. Teaching for a test does not shape students into well-r

31、ounded people. It blocks the natural sense to create and express feelings through the arts there is more to life than the analytical thinking that math and English provide. What happens after a test? Sure, a student might graduate, but they will have limited knowledge certainly not a good preparatio

32、n for the real world. 32. Music and drama are removed from the high school curriculum in that _. A. some students fail the state standardized test B. fewer and fewer students love to attend them C. the school curriculum has been changed D. the school is afraid of losing financial support. 33. What d

33、oes the underlined part mean in the second paragraph? A. Not enough.B. Too manyC. Too boringD. Not proper 34. It can be learned that the arts can _. A. motivate students in creativity and expression B. make students round-shaped people in future C. provide students with careful thinking D. prevent s

34、tudents from graduating from high school 35. In what way does the author describe the passage? A. Humorously.B. BitterlyC. ExcitedlyD. Mildly. 第二部分阅读：CDB CBDC CAAB DAAB 江苏省泰州中学 2020_2021 学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题 第一节（共 12 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Mary Engle Pennington was

35、the greatest authority on refrigeration in the early twentieth century.Over the course of a 40-year career,Pennington changed the way Americans transported and stored food. Pennington was born on October 8, 1872. At age 12, her interest in science began when she read a library book on medical chemis

36、try.In 1890,she enrolled in(登记入学）Towne Scientific School.In two years, she completed the requirements for a bachelors degree. Pennington received her PhD in chemistry from the University of Pennsylvania in 1895. Then she spent two more years at the University of Pennsylvania studying chemical botany

37、. In 1901, she founded the Philadelphia Clinical Laboratory, where she conducted bacteriological and chemical research. In 1904, Pennington headed the lab for the Philadelphia Department of Health and Charities. She examined all phases(阶段） of milk production. Because of public demand for safer produ

38、cts, the US government passed the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act.Harvey W. Wiley,chief of the Bureau of Chemistry of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), sought to fill the new position of first chief of USDAs new Food Research Laboratory. Wiley knew who he wanted for the job. He persuaded Penningt

39、on to take a civil service exam.After receiving the highest score,Pennington was hired. While working at the lab as a bacteriological chemist, Pennington developed standards for inspecting milk and preserving dairy products. She invented new methods for transporting eggs. The Food Research Laborator

40、y set standards for federal laws in the cold-storage industry. In 1917,the United States entered World War I. The War Food Administration transported food to troops by railroad cars and needed help keeping the food fresh. They asked Pennington for help. She measured temperatures and investigated the

41、 construction of the crude(简陋的）refrigeration methods on hundreds of train cars. After crossing the United States over 500 times, Pennington was able to improve the design and efficiency of refrigerated railway boxcar. For her service during the war, Pennington received a Notable Service Medal in 191

42、9. 21. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? A. Penningtons educational background. B. Penningtons pioneering research. C. Penningtons working conditions. D. Penningtons happy childhood. 22.What did Wiley think of Pennington? A.She was the best chemist. B. She was a good cooperator. C. She

43、was good at taking exams. D. She was qualified as the head of a lab. 23.What did Pennington mainly do when she worked at the Food Research Laboratory? A. She drew up an important act. B. She designed the first refrigerated boxcar. C. She examined all phases of milk production. D.She set standards fo

44、r the food storage industry. 24.What made Pennington get a Notable Service Medal? A. Her contribution during the war. B.Her discovery of rare bacteria. C.Her invention of refrigerators. D. Her donation to charities. B Say “Sit” to your dog, and he ll likely sit on the floor. But would he respond cor

45、rectly if the word were spoken by a stranger, or someone with a thick accent? A new study shows he will, suggesting dogs understand spoken words in a clever and complicated way long thought unique to humans. Holly Root-Gutteridge, a biologist, and her colleagues ran a test. The researchers filmed 42

46、 dogs of different breeds as they sat with their owners near an audio speaker that played noncommand words with similar sounds, such as “had”， “hid”， and “whod”。 The words were spoken-not by the dogs owner-but by several strangers, men and women of different ages and with different accents. In the v

47、ideo above, the dog Max turns quickly and listens seriously when he hears a woman say“had” for the first time. But as other women with different accents repeat the word, he loses interest, indicating he knows they are all saying the same word. When a speaker says a new word, like “whod”， Max cheers

48、up again, but his attention flags when a new voice returns to saying “had”。 Together,these reactions suggest dogs recognize words regardless of the speaker-and that they dont need any training to do it, the team reports today in Biology Letters. “Its wonderful-and novel-to see research looking at do

49、gs reactions to words that are not commands or requests,” says Alexandra Horowitz, a researcher at Barnard College in New York City.Because of the nature of the test,however,the scientists cannot show that the dogs “understood” what the words meant, Horowitz points out. “But the work clearly demonst

50、rates that dogs are listening to us,” she says, even when our speech is not about them. 25. What can we learn from this study? A.Dogs can hear some simple words. B. Dogs can hear words like humans. C. Dogs cannot understand a stranger. D.Dogs know their owners meaning. 26. What do the researchers do