新教材（2021新牛津译林版）高一下学期期末英语试卷精选汇编：阅读理解专题（含解析）.doc

1、江苏省部分地区 2020-2021 学年下学期高一英语期末解析版试卷精选汇编 阅读理解专题 江苏省南通市 2020-2021 学年下学期高一年级期末质量监测英语试题 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Angloville Junior Programmes The Angloville Junior programme is a great opportunity for young native English-speakers to support ambitious youth in

2、 their journey to fluency in English and higher education in English-speaking countries. Who might be interested? On each programme,there are around 40 teenage students aged 12-18 and around 20 English-speaking volunteers.Our English-speaking volunteers are university students, recent graduates and

3、other enthusiastic people aged 18-35. They like to travel,explore new cultures and help others. What will your day consist of? For volunteers Each day you will take part in various 50-60 minute sessions; you will also work with your assigned mentees (学员） on their presentations in groups.After the wh

4、ole day of sessions and activities,you will have a chance to have fun in the evening during the social time. For students You will spend most of your time doing 1-on-1 speaking sessions,but the programme also consists of cultural sessions and studying abroad sessions. One of the main attractions of

5、the junior programme is a workshop. You may bake bread or make traditional Polish cookies. Description of the programme Pre-programme activity We invite you to take part in our free walking tour of your departure city! The tours take place one day before the programme. Duration of the programme Areg

6、ular Angloville Junior programme takes place between Sunday and Saturday. Start: Sunday (between 6 am and 12 pm) End: Saturday (between 4 pm and 8 pm) 1. Who might take part in the programme? A.A12-year-old native English learner. B.A22-year-old graduate with broken English. C.A19-year-old Chinese p

7、lanning studies in Canada. D.A36-year-old English teacher enthusiastic about traveling. 2. What will students mainly do during the programme? A. Group presentations B. Fun games. C. 1-on-1 sessions. D. Baking activities. 3. How long will one programme usually take? A. One day. B. Two days. C. One we

8、ek. D. Two weeks. 【答案】1.A2. C3. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一项巡游活动，旨在帮助以英语作为母语的青少年学 生提高他们的英语口语。并简要介绍了该项活动的持续时间、特色内容等信息。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章首段“The Angloville Junior programme is a great opportunity for young native English-speakers to support ambitious youth in their journey to fluency in English and high

9、er education in English-speaking countries. (Angloville Junior programme 对一些以英语作 为母语的孩子来说，是一次绝佳的机会：他们通过此次旅行会促进英语口语流利程度，并可 以在说英语国家接受更高的教育)”和第二段“there are around 40 teenage students aged 12-18 and around 20 English-speaking volunteers. (有近 40 名 12 至 18 岁的青少年学生和大概 20 名说英语的志愿者)”可知， 可能参加这项活动的是 12 岁至 18 岁

10、的以英语作为母语的青 少年学生。故选 A 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“You will spend most of your time doing 1-on-1 speaking sessions, (你会大部分时间参加一对一英语口语课程)”可知，大部分时间里，学员们会进行 一对一课程。故选 C 项。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后三段“A regular Angloville Junior programme takes place between Sunday and Saturday. Start: Sunday (between 6 am and 12

11、pm) End: Saturday (between 4 pm and 8 pm) (一次常规的 Angloville Junior programme 在周日至下 周六之间举行。开始于周日早上 6 点，结束于下周六晚上 8 点)”可知，该项活动为期一周。 故选 C 项。 B Lucy Hobbs came to the University of Wisconsin already knowing she wanted to study nursing so she could make a positive difference in the lives of others. Once s

12、he was on campus, she realized she could make an even greater impact on her future patients by adding a second major (专业), one in Spanish. “I was drawn to nursing because I want a career that will be fulfilling and will help me serve others,” says Hobbs. “I chose to add a major in Spanish because I

13、love learning about other cultures, and I want to do something for those easily ignored populations in my nursing career.” In addition to her nursing and Spanish curriculum, Hobbs found multiple interesting ways to bring her majors together, including things like research and study abroad. Hobbs was

14、 part of a research project that is documenting the experiences of Spanish-speaking populations in western Wisconsin during Covid-19. The research team included students and teachers in languages, history and nursing. In addition to her research, studying abroad was also helpful. She spent part of t

15、he spring 2020 semester studying in Costa Rica. “This was my first time outside of the U.S.and I learned so much about Costa Rican culture,” Hobbs says. While she found many opportunities within her majors, Hobbs also had meaningful experiences on campus that were outside of nursing and Spanish. For

16、 example, she worked as a resident assistant in the dorms and is a member of the University Honors Program. “All these experiences helped me to enhance my time on campus by giving me opportunities to meet amazing and inspiring individuals who I believe will remain lifetime friends,” Hobbs says, “All

17、 these experiences also helped to shape how I think about the future.” After she graduates in May, Hobbs will begin her nursing career working in the emergency room at UW Healths University Hospital in Madison. 4. What did Hobbs do after she entered university? A. She realized her interest in nursin

18、g. B. She decided to learn more besides her major. C. She made a difference in others lives. D. She influenced her future patients greatly. 5. Why did Hobbs add a major in Spanish? A. To help others with their Spanish. B. To do research in various cultures. C. To receive further education in Spain.

19、D. To provide nursing care for less focused people. 6. What is helpful in Hobbss achieving her goals? A. Going abroad to change her life. B. Beginning her nursing career early. C. Developing as many hobbies as she could. D. Getting different experiences besides her study. 7. Which of the following b

20、est describes Hobbs? A. Humorous. B. Intelligent. C. Hardworking. D. Generous. 【答案】4. B5. D6. D7. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Lucy Hobbs 上大学后决定在护理专业之外学习 西班牙语并参与各种研究实践活动，以实现未来服务好病人的愿望。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Once she was on campus, she realized she could make an even greater impact on her future patient

21、s by adding a second major (专业), one in Spanish. (一到学 校， 她就意识到她可以通过增加第二个专业西班牙语专业对她未来的病人产生更大 的影响)”可知，上大学后 Hobbs 决定在专业之外学习更多的知识。故选 B。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“I chose to add a major in Spanish because I love learning about other cultures, and I want to do something for those easily ignored populations in

22、my nursing career.(我选择了西班牙语专业， 因为我喜欢学习其他文化， 我想在我的护理生涯中为那些容 易被忽视的人群做些事情)”可知，Hobbs 学习西班牙语专业是为那些被关注较少的人提供 护理服务。故选 D。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第四段的“In addition to her research, studying abroad was also helpful.(除了 她的研究， 出国留学也很有帮助)”， 第五段的“While she found many opportunities within her majors, Hobbs also had meani

23、ngful experiences on campus that were outside of nursing and Spanish.(虽然她在自己的专业内找到了很多机会， 但 Hobbs 在校园里也有很多在护理和西班 牙语之外的有意义的经历)”及最后一段的“All these experiences also helped to shape how I think about the future.(所有这些经历也帮助塑造了我对未来的看法)”可知，除了学习之外， 获得不同的经历有助于 Hobbs 实现她的目标。故选 D。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Once she was

24、 on campus, she realized she could make an even greater impact on her future patients by adding a second major (专业), one in Spanish. (一到学 校， 她就意识到她可以通过增加第二个专业西班牙语专业对她未来的病人产生更大 的影响)”和第三段的“In addition to her nursing and Spanish curriculum, Hobbs found multiple interesting ways to bring her majors toge

25、ther, including things like research and study abroad.(除 了护理和西班牙语课程外，Hobbs 还发现了多种有趣的方式来整合她的专业，包括研究和海 外学习)”可知，Hobbs 是个非常勤奋、努力的人。故选 C。 C More than a year into the pandemic of Covid-19, many people have grown used to a new lock-down lifestyle:keeping indoors,exercising less and eating more. “All of the

26、se contribute to worsening gut(消化道）function,says Christopher Andrews,the lead physician at the Calgary Gut Motility Center, adding that heartburn is on the rise. Heartburn is the painful effect of the stomachs acid creeping into the esophagus(食管). Diet is the greatest contributor: acidic foods such

27、as grapefruits, hot sauce or coffee increase the amount of acid in your stomach, while chocolate, alcohol and high-fat foods result in loosened sphincter muscle. If that muscle weakens or is unable to close completely, stomach acid might arise,causing the heartburn. Spicy food can also increase unco

28、mfortable feelings in the gut. Heartburn occurs in bodies of all sizes, ages and genders, but researchers have found that overweight (超重的)people are two to three times more likely to experience frequent heartburn than those with a healthy weight. This may be because of the increased pressure on the

29、gut,which can push stomach acid up. Changes in diet, such as the recent tendency for people to turn to comfort food in lock-down, can also lead to the problem. Occasional heartburn isnt a problem, but experiences of frequent indigestion should push you to live a healthier life.According to a recent

30、study of 9,000 heartburn patients, following a five-step health plan-maintaining a proper body weight, eating well, exercising, not smoking and limiting coffee or tea-can decrease symptoms (症状)by 40 per cent.Andrews also tells his patients to avoid eating close to bedtime, “If you lie down when your

31、 stomach is full, its much easier for things to come up. Though heartburn is currently on the rise,Andrews believes the increase is short-term. “Once life comes back to normal, Im sure things will get better,” he says. 8. Which of the following is the main cause of heartburn? A. Staying home. B. The

32、 pandemic. C. Unsuitable diet. D. Less exercise. 9. What can we learn about heartburn from paragraph 3? A. Overweight people are at greater risk. B. Stomach upsets will lead to heartburn. C. Comfort food can help improve the situation. D. Stomach acid will put more pressure on the gut. 10. Whats the

33、 writers suggestion for relieving heartburn? A. Getting enough sleep. B. Saying no to tea. C. Consuming less coffee. D. Having a medical checkup. 11. Whats the purpose of the text? A. To inform us of a health problem. B. To warn us of a worsening situation. C. To recommend a way of losing weight. D.

34、 To introduce a new lock-down lifestyle. 【答案】8. C9.A10. C11.A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。由于疫情原因，胃灼热症状正在持续攀升。文章介绍了该健康 问题的原因症状等，并提出了具体的建议。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Diet is the greatest contributor（饮食是最大的因素）”可知，饮 食不当是引起胃灼热的主要原因。故选 C 项。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Heartburn occurs in bodies of all sizes, ages and genders, bu

35、t researchers have found that overweight (超重的)people are two to three times more likely to experience frequent heartburn than those with a healthy weight.（胃灼热发生在所有体型、年龄 和性别的人身上，但研究人员发现，超重者经常胃灼热的可能性是正常体重者的两到三 倍。 ）”可推知，超重的人有更大的风险。故选 A 项。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“According to a recent study of 9,000 heartb

36、urn patients, following a five-step health plan-maintaining a proper body weight, eating well, exercising, not smoking and limiting coffee or tea-can decrease symptoms (症状)by 40 per cent.（根据最近对 9000 名胃灼热 患者的研究，遵循五步健康计划保持适当体重、饮食健康、锻炼、不吸烟和限制喝咖啡 或茶可以减少 40% 的症状。 ）”中的 limiting coffee 可知，作者对缓解胃灼热的建议有 “少喝咖

37、啡”。其它选项不符合题意。故选 C 项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要目的是介绍“胃灼热”这一健康问题（health problem） ， 介绍了胃灼热问题的原因、症状及解决办法。故选 A 项。 D Teens who choose to spend time alone may know whats best for them, according to new research that suggests solitude(孤独)isnt a red flag for depression. Most studies have confused solitude wit

38、h loneliness or shyness, said Margarita Azmitia, lead researcher of the study. “There is a misunderstanding for kids who spend time alone. Theyre considered lacking in basic social skills, or called loners,” she said. “Its beneficial to know when you need to be alone and when you need to be with oth

39、ers. The key factor is choice.” When teens and young adults choose to spend time alone solitude can prove an opportunity for self-reflection, creative expression, or spiritual renewal. It can be challenging when solitude is imposed on them-when they choose to avoid social activities because they lac

40、k friends, feel awkward, experience social anxiety, or are being punished. To tell the difference between these motivations,Azmitia developed a survey that asked people to rate their motivations for solitude on a four-point scale, presenting questions like, “I feel energetic when I spend time by mys

41、elf,” and “I enjoy the quiet,” versus “I feel uncomfortable when Im with others,” and “I regret things I say or do when Im with others.” Those who seek solitude because they feel rejected or want to stay alone are at greater risk of social anxiety, loneliness, and depression, and they tend to have l

42、ower levels of identity development, and positive relationships with others. However, those who seek solitude for positive reasons, such as self-reflection or a desire for peace and quiet, face none of these risks. “These results increase our awareness that being alone can be positive,” said Azmitia

43、. “The question is how to be alone without feeling like were missing out. For many people, solitude is like exercising a muscle theyve never used.You have to develop it, and learn to use time alone to your benefit.” 12. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. Teenagers are likely to spen

44、d time alone. B. Solitude is often confused with loneliness. C. Kids who spend time alone lack social skills. D. Alone time is more important than social time. 13. What does the underlined part in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. They want to reflect on themselves. B. They have to punish others. C

45、. They want to develop creativity. D. They have to face solitude. 14. How does the author illustrate the findings of the research in paragraph 5? A. By giving examples. B. By offering suggestions. C. By sharing experiences. D. By comparing results. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A.

46、Solitude: a red flag B. Loneliness: good or bad C. To be alone or not D. Loneliness, a popular choice 【答案】12. B13. D14. D15. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，独处不一定是抑郁的表现，人们常常把孤独和独处 混为一谈。只要方法得当，独处对个人发展有利。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Teens who choose to spend time alone may know whats best for them, according to new

47、 research that suggests solitude(孤独） isnt a red flag for depression. （根据 一项新的研究， 选择独处的青少年可能知道什么对他们来说是最好的， 这项研究表明独处并 不是抑郁症的危险信号） ”以及第二段“Most studies have confused solitude with loneliness or shyness,（大多数研究都把孤独与孤独或害羞混为一谈）”可知，人们常常将独处与孤独相 混淆。故选 B 项。 【13 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“when they choose to avoid social

48、activities because they lack friends, feel awkward, experience social anxiety, or are being punished.（当他们回避社交活动时，因为 他们缺少朋友，感到尴尬，经历社交焦虑，或者受到惩罚）”可知，他们由于种种原因回避 社交活动。由此推知，划线句子的意思是“他们必须独处”。故选 D 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Those who seek solitude because they feel rejected or want to stay alone are at greater

49、 risk of social anxiety, loneliness, and depression, and they tend to have lower levels of identity development, and positive relationships with others. However, those who seek solitude for positive reasons, such as self-reflection or a desire for peace and quiet, face none of these risks.（那些寻求独处是因为

50、他们感到被拒绝或者想要独处的人更容易产生社交焦虑、 孤独和抑郁，他们倾向于有较低的身份发展水平和与他人积极的关系。然而，那些为了积极 的原因寻求独处的人，比如自我反省或者渴望和平与安静，却不会面临这些风险）”可知， 作者把两种情况的独处的结果进行了对比。 由此推知， 作者是通过对比结果的方式来论证观 点的。故选 D 项。 15 题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合上一小题的分析和文章的最后一段“These results increase our awareness that being alone can be positive,” said Azmitia. “The question i