（2021新外研版）高中英语选择性必修四 Unit 4 Period Four Grammar—Review：attributive clauses ppt课件.pptx

1、Unit 4 Everyday economics Period FourGrammarReview：attributive clauses 达标检测 当堂检测 基础达标演练 语法导学 感悟规律 重点难点剖析 内容索引内容索引 感知以下句子，补全方框下的小题感知以下句子，补全方框下的小题 语法感知 语 法 导 学感悟规律 重点难点剖析 1.The increased responsibilities brought out her best qualities that were beyond most people. 2.The famous writer is going to talk

2、about the European countries and people that he has visited in the past two months. 3.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better. 4.We all live with a certain degree of stress，but there is a point where it becomes unmanageable，causing physical and mental il

3、lness. 5.Is this the reason that/which he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 6.The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 7.Choose a famous person whose accent you admire，and imitate the way he or she speaks. 8.Titled Pain，the book contai

4、ns 51 poems，most of them written in the past three years，Zhao told China Daily in Beijing. 1.由第由第1句可知，当先行词句可知，当先行词被被 修饰修饰时，关系代词常用时，关系代词常用that。 2.由第由第2句可知，当先行句可知，当先行词词 时时，关系词要用，关系词要用that。 3.第第3句的定语从句中句的定语从句中缺少缺少 ，故关系词用故关系词用when。 4.由第由第4句可知，当先行词句可知，当先行词是是 且且从句中不缺少主要成分时，要从句中不缺少主要成分时，要用用 引导引导定语从句。定语从句。

5、5.第第5句表明，尽管先行词是句表明，尽管先行词是reason，但定语从句中缺少，但定语从句中缺少宾语宾语，故要用关系代，故要用关系代 词引导定语从句，而词引导定语从句，而不用不用 。 6.第第6句中的定语从句修饰的先行词句中的定语从句修饰的先行词是是 ，且从句插在主句之中，且从句插在主句之中， 此时只能此时只能用用 引导。引导。 最高级最高级 既有人又有物既有人又有物 时间状语时间状语 抽象名词抽象名词 where why 整个主句内容整个主句内容 as 7.由第由第7句可知，定语从句中的名词句可知，定语从句中的名词accent缺少缺少 ，故用故用whose引导。引导。 8.第第8句中逗号中

6、间的部分没有谓语动词，故不是句子，所以不能填连词，此句中逗号中间的部分没有谓语动词，故不是句子，所以不能填连词，此 处处是是 结构结构。 定语定语 独立主格独立主格 语法精析 一、定语从句的句法功能及相关定义一、定语从句的句法功能及相关定义 1.功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。 2.位置：定语从句常置于被修饰词之后；位置：定语从句常置于被修饰词之后；as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主 句前、句中或主句之后。句前、句中或主句之后。 Those who are for the plan raise y

7、our hands，please. As is known to us all，the earth is spinning around the sun. 3.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。 先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如：先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如：some，any，every，no 与与 body，thing 的合成词或的合成词或all，none，any，some，that，those等代词。数词和人称代词也等代词。数词和人称代词也 同样可作先行词。同样可作先行词。 4.关系词：连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。关系词：连接先行词与从句的词叫关

8、系词。 关系代词：关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as等。等。 关系副词：关系副词：when，where，why等。等。 二、定语从句的核心考点二、定语从句的核心考点 1.确定关系词的步骤：确定关系词的步骤： (1)先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。 (2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 注意：先行词与关系词是等量关系。注意：先行词与关系词是等量关系。 (1)先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。 This is the place w

9、hich is worth visiting. (2)关系词在从句中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不关系词在从句中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不 能重复其意。能重复其意。 There are many places that/which we can visit in China. 2.在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用而不用which： (1)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 (2)先

10、行词被先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much，the only，the very， few等修饰时。等修饰时。 (3)先行词为先行词为all，much，little，none，few，something，anything等不定代等不定代 词时。词时。 (4)先行词中既有人又有物时。先行词中既有人又有物时。 He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus. (5)先行词在主句中作表语时。先行词在主句中作表语时。 The village is no longer

11、the one that was 5 years ago. (6)当主句是以当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。开头的特殊疑问句时。 Which are the books that you bought for me? 3.宜用宜用which而不用而不用that的情况：的情况： (1)在非限制性定语从句中。在非限制性定语从句中。 (2)在关系词前有介词时。在关系词前有介词时。 (3)当先行词本身是当先行词本身是that时。时。 (4)关系词后有插入语时关系词后有插入语时。 4.关系词关系词who与与that指人时，根据不同情况分别用不同的关系词：指人时，根据不同情况分别用不同的关系词：

12、(1)当主句是当主句是there be句型时，关系词用句型时，关系词用who。 (2)先行词是先行词是anyone，those(指人指人)，someone，everyone，one等词时，关系词等词时，关系词 用用who。 (3)当主句是当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用作疑问词时，关系词用that。 Who is that girl that is standing by the window? (4)whom在从句中只作宾语，可被在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。取代。 5.whose作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。 Do you know Mr

13、 Smith whose story is very moving? There is a room，whose window faces the river. 6.关系代词关系代词as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 (1)先行词被先行词被such和和the same修饰，或句型修饰，或句型as many(much)中，从句都用中，从句都用as 引导。引导。 Such books as you bought are useful. The school is just the same as it was 10 years ago. 注意：注意：such.that.引

14、导结果状语从句。如：引导结果状语从句。如：They are such lovely children that we love them very much. the same.that.引导定语从句。如：引导定语从句。如：I want to use the same tool that you used just now. (2)先行词为主句，定语从句用先行词为主句，定语从句用as或或which引导。引导。 区别：区别：意义上：意义上：as 含有含有“这点正如这点正如一样一样”。 位置上：位置上：as 从句可置于句首，也可在句中或句尾；从句可置于句首，也可在句中或句尾；which引导的非限制

15、性定引导的非限制性定 语从句只能放在主句之后。语从句只能放在主句之后。 He didnt pass the exam，as we had expected. There is lots of air in loose snow，which can keep the cold out. As is known，the earth is round. 7.关系副词关系副词when与与where，why，that： when 指时间指时间in/at/on/during which where指地点指地点in/at/from which why指原因指原因for which that可以用于表示时间、

16、地点、方式、理由的名词之后，取代可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词之后，取代when，where， why和和“介词介词which”引导的定语从句，修饰的先行词常为引导的定语从句，修饰的先行词常为the way，the time，the day，the place等，在口语中等，在口语中that常被省略。常被省略。 I dont like the way (that/in which) he talks. This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French. 8.必须注意的问题：必须注意的问题： (1)关系词作主语时，从句

17、中谓语的数。关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。 (2)注意区别定语从句与强调句。注意区别定语从句与强调句。 定语从句中关系词作从句成分。定语从句中关系词作从句成分。 强调句中强调句中it无意义，无意义，that/who不是引导词。不是引导词。 去掉去掉it is/was和和that/who后，如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通后，如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通 则不是。则不是。 It is the museum that/which we visited last year.(定语从句定语从句) It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.

18、(强调句强调句) (3)定语从句与同位语从句的区别。定语从句与同位语从句的区别。 定语从句的引导词被称为关系词，定语从句的引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语，有时可省充当主语、宾语、表语，有时可省 略。略。 同位语从句的引导词叫做连接词，同位语从句的引导词叫做连接词，that不充当任何成分，不可省。不充当任何成分，不可省。 Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语从句同位语从句) We expressed to them our wish that was the same as theirs.(定语从句定语从句) (4)关系词在从句

19、中省略的情况。关系词在从句中省略的情况。 关系词作宾语，前无介词时。关系词作宾语，前无介词时。 关系词作表语。关系词作表语。 (5)关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which或或whom。 (6)几个特殊的定语从句句型：几个特殊的定语从句句型： He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.(句中句中one为先行词为先行词) He is one of the students who have got good marks in the matc

20、h.(句中句中students 为先行词为先行词) Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday? Is this the place (that/which) we visited yesterday? He stood at the window，from where he could see what was happening. It may rain，in which case the match will be put off. 返 回 .用合适的关系词填空用合适的关系词填空 达 标 检 测当堂检测 基础达标演练 1.This

21、is the factory I visited last year. 2.This is the factory I worked last year. 3.The reason he gave is unbelievable. 4.The reason I went was that I wanted to meet your friends. 5.I dont like the way she speaks to her parents. 6.I dont like the way you taught me. 7.I wont forget the day I joined the a

22、rmy. 8.I wont forget the day I spent with you on the farm. that/which where that/which why that that/which when that/which 9.The basketball team， is playing very well，will come out first. 10.The basketball team， are having a rest，will begin another match in twenty minutes. 11.There was one point we

23、must insist on. 12.After graduation，she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do. which who that/which where .用定语从句合并两句用定语从句合并两句 13.I still remember the sitting room. My mother and I used to sit in the sitting room in the evening. _ 14.Can you lend me the novel? You talked about

24、 the novel the other day. 15.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone. Her family was poor. I still remember the sitting room where/in which my mother and I used to sit in the evening. Can you lend me the novel (that/which) you talked about the other day? His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone who

25、se family was poor. 16.I dont like the way. You speak to her in this way. 17.We live in an age. More information is available with greater ease than ever before at this age. 18.Do you still remember one evening a week ago? I came to your room and borrowed a diamond necklace a week ago. I dont like t

26、he way that/in which you speak to her. We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before. Do you still remember one evening a week ago when I came to your room and borrowed a diamond necklace? 19.I wish to thank Professor Smith. I would never have got this far without his help. 20.Can you explain the reason? For this reason you dont want to help him. 返 回 I wish to thank Professor Smith，without whose help I would never have got this far. Can you explain the reason why/for which you dont want to help him? 本课结束