（2021新牛津译林版）高中英语必修三-Unit 4 Reading & Extended reading 课文语法填空（含答案）.docx

1、Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Reading： Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize By Dina Conner 11 December 2015 Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the Peoples Republic of China_1_(receive)a Nobel Prize, awarded for her _2_(contribute) to the fight against malaria, one of the

2、_3_ (deadly) diseases in human history. Thanks to her _4_(discover) of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of_5_( survive). _6_(bear) in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. After _7

3、_(graduate), she worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. She completed further training courses in_8_ (tradition)hinese medicine, _9_(acquire) a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Tus _10_(educate) was soon to prove very useful. In the 1960s, ma

4、ny people were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team_11_ intended to find a cure for the disease. She collected over 2,000 traditional Chinese medical _12_(recipe) for malaria treatment and made hundreds of extracts from different herbs. When they failed _13_( produce) any promising

5、 results, Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. _14_(inspire ) by an over 1,600-year-old text about _15_(prepare) qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried _16_(extract) the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its _17_(eff

6、ect) part. On 4 October 1971, after 190_18_ (failure), she succeeded in _19_(make) qinghao extract _20_ could treat malaria in mice. However, it was hard_21_ (produce) enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources _22_(limit). Tu and her team managed_23_ ( find) solutions to the

7、 problem. When there was no research _24_(equip), they had to extract herbs _25_(use) household water containers. They worked day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor _26_(condition), but they never gave up. Even with large amounts of qinghao extract produced, however, they

8、 still faced another problem. The trials on patients were likely to _27_( postpone) because they did not have sufficient safety data. To speed up the process and ensure its _28_(safe), Tu and her team volunteered_29_( test )qinghao extract on_30_( them) first. The _31_(effort) of Tu and her team fin

9、ally paid off. In November 1972, through trial and error, they _32_(successful)iscovered qinghaosuthe most effective part of the qinghao extract. As_33_ key part of many malaria medicines, qinghaosu has since benefited about 200 million malaria patients. More than 40 years after its discovery, Tu wa

10、s _34_(eventual) awarded a Nobel Prize for her work. In her Nobel Lecture, she encouraged scientists to _35_(far) explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it_36_ a higher level. Perhaps the next generation of scientists, _37_(draw) on the wisdom of traditional Chinese med

11、icine, will indeed discover more medicines _38_(benefit) to global health care. Extended reading: The Value of Science When I was younger, I thought science would make good things for everybody. It was _1_(obvious) useful; it was good. But then during the war I worked on the atomic bomb. This result

12、 of science was obviously very seriousit represented the _2_(destruct) of people and it put our future at risk. I had to ask _3_(me), “Is there some evil_4_( involve) in science?” Put another way, _5_ is the value of the science I had long devoted myself tothe thing I had lovedwhen I saw what terrib

13、le things it could do? It was a question I had to answer. I thought long and hard about this question, and I will try to answer it in this talk. The first way in which science is of value is familiar _6_ everyone: scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. Of course, if we m

14、ake good things, it is not only to the credit of science; it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work. _7_ (science) knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or badbut it does not carry_8_ (instruction) on how to apply it. Such power has obvious valueeven though th

15、e power may _9_( negate) by what one does with it. Another value of science is the intellectual _10_(enjoy) it can provide us with. When we look at any question _11_(deep) enough, we feel the _12_(excite) and mystery coming to us again and again. With more knowledge comes a deeper, more wonderful my

16、stery, _13_(inspire) one to look deeper still. Never concerned that the answer may let us down, with pleasure and confidence we turn _14_ each new stone to find unimagined strangeness _15_(lead) on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. Thanks _16_ the scientific effort, we have been led to imag

17、ine all sorts of things _17_( fantastic) than poets and dreamers of the past ever could. I would now like _18_( turn) to a third value that science has. The scientist has a lot of experience with_19_ (ignorant) and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience is of very great _20_(important). When a s

18、cientist doesnt know the answer_21_ a problem, he is ignorant. When he has an idea as to what the result is, he is uncertain. And when he is pretty sure of _22_ the result is going to be, he is still in some doubt. Now, we scientists take _23_for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not

19、 know. But our_24_ (free) to doubt was born out of a deep and strong struggle against authority in the early days of science. In order to progress, we must not forget the importance of this struggle; we must recognize our ignorance and leave room for doubt. Permit us to questionto doubtto not be sur

20、e. It is our _25_(responsible) as scientists, knowing the great progress_26_ is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to_27_(fear) but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations. (Adapted f

21、rom a public lecture by Richard Feynman, an American scientist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965) Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Reading： Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize By Dina Conner 11 December 2015 Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the Peoples Republic

22、of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejia

23、ng Province, Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. After graduation, she worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine, acquiring a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and W

24、estern medicine. Tus education was soon to prove very useful. In the 1960s, many people were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease. She collected over 2,000 traditional Chinese medical recipes for malaria treatment and made hundreds of ex

25、tracts from different herbs. When they failed to produce any promising results, Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. Inspired by an over 1,600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb

26、 at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part. On 4 October 1971, after 190 failures, she succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice. However, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited. Tu and he

27、r team managed to find solutions to the problem. When there was no research equipment, they had to extract herbs using household water containers. They worked day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions, but they never gave up. Even with large amounts of qinghao ext

28、ract produced, however, they still faced another problem. The trials on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data. To speed up the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. The efforts of Tu and

29、 her team finally paid off. In November 1972, through trial and error, they successfully discovered qinghaosuthe most effective part of the qinghao extract. As a key part of many malaria medicines, qinghaosu has since benefited about 200 million malaria patients. More than 40 years after its discove

30、ry, Tu was eventually awarded a Nobel Prize for her work. In her Nobel Lecture, she encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level. Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medi

31、cine, will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care. Extended reading: The Value of Science When I was younger, I thought science would make good things for everybody. It was obviously useful; it was good. But then during the war I worked on the atomic bomb. This result of sci

32、ence was obviously very seriousit represented the destruction of people and it put our future at risk. I had to ask myself, “Is there some evil involved in science?” Put another way, what is the value of the science I had long devoted myself tothe thing I had lovedwhen I saw what terrible things it

33、could do? It was a question I had to answer. I thought long and hard about this question, and I will try to answer it in this talk. The first way in which science is of value is familiar to everyone: scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. Of course, if we make good thing

34、s, it is not only to the credit of science; it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work. Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or badbut it does not carry instructions on how to apply it. Such power has obvious valueeven though the power may be negate

35、d by what one does with it. Another value of science is the intellectual enjoyment it can provide us with. When we look at any question deeply enough, we feel the excitement and mystery coming to us again and again. With more knowledge comes a deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look de

36、eper still. Never concerned that the answer may let us down, with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. Thanks to the scientific effort, we have been led to imagine all sorts of things more fantastic t

37、han poets and dreamers of the past ever could. I would now like to turn to a third value that science has. The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience is of very great importance. When a scientist doesnt know the answer to a problem, he is igno

38、rant. When he has an idea as to what the result is, he is uncertain. And when he is pretty sure of what the result is going to be, he is still in some doubt. Now, we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. But our freedom to doubt was born out of a deep and

39、 strong struggle against authority in the early days of science. In order to progress, we must not forget the importance of this struggle; we must recognize our ignorance and leave room for doubt. Permit us to questionto doubtto not be sure. It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great

40、progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations. (Adapted from a public lecture by Richard Feynman, an American scientist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965)