（2021新牛津译林版）高中英语选择性必修一Unit 4 词汇讲解及词汇过关练习 （含学生版）（含答案）.docx

1、新牛津高中英语词汇过关练习十六新牛津高中英语词汇过关练习十六 识记识记 barrenadj. 贫瘠的，不毛的，不结果实的，不孕的，无效的，无益的 n.不毛之地 Abeautiful fig tree that had stood in their yard was leafless and barren. He prayed that his barren wife would one day have a child. He was engaged in a barren argument with Paul. No one could raise crops on this barren

2、land. frozenadj. 结冰的，冰封的，冷冻的，冻僵的，呆若木鸡的，freeze 的过去分词 frozen layer冻结层 Wages have been frozen and workers laid off. Katherine was frozen in horror. The lake was frozen over until late spring. The ground is frozen for most of the year. She stared at him, frozen with shock. imply vt. 暗示，暗指，含有.的意思 I dont

3、wish to imply that you are stupid. There is no implication that these differences imply moral error. His silence implied agreement. Cheerfulness doesnt always imply happiness. dimensionn. 方面，侧面，规模，程度，维 This adds a new dimension to our work. Works of art often have a spiritual dimension. Height is an

4、 external dimension. There is another dimension you havent mentioned. graspvt.抓紧，理解，领会 n. 抓紧，理解，领会，握紧，控制，能力所及 beyond ones grasp某人不理解，某人无法理解 Steven had a powerful grasp. The concepts were difficult to grasp. His grasp of complicated concepts is impressive. She has a good grasp of the English language

5、. I grasped the main point of the speech. You must grasp this opportunity. detectvt. 发现，查明，侦查出，探知 auto detecting自动检测 Aradar-like device will detect ice and dust hazes in the atmosphere. This sensitive piece of equipment is used to detect radiation. The software will detect and remove viruses. I seem

6、ed to detect some anger in his voice. Small quantities of poison were detected in the dead mans stomach. rhymen.押韵，押韵词，韵文vt. 使押韵，用韵诗表达vi.和同韵 Do you understand the rhyme of this poem? Poetry often follows special patterns of rhyme. You cant rhyme “sleep”with “feet”. The last two lines of this poem do

7、nt rhyme properly. Love is a blank poem, rhyme it with your heart. complexadj.复杂的，难懂的，合成的n.建筑群，复合体，情结，医综合症状 building complex综合大楼 complex system 复杂系统 It was a complex problem. This enhances the complex flavors of the wine. Libraries are great complexes of tiny items. contradictoryadj. 相互矛盾的，对立的，相反的，反

8、驳的，抵触的 Customs officials have made a series of contradictory statements about the equipment. The public are capable of holding a number of apparently contradictory attitudes. He seemed to be in a contradictory mood, saying the opposite of whatever I said. His remark was contradictory to the truth. P

9、eople found this sort of contradictory reality hard to accept. We had to face up to a number of seemingly contradictory concerns. dig up 发现，搜集，查明，挖掘 It took us hours to dig up all of the peanuts. The professor dug up a Roman villa near Bristol. His description fits perfectly the evidence dug up by C

10、lyde. She might be able to dig up some old photos. cluen.线索，提示，迹象，暗示 I dont have the slightest clue. This gave me a clue as to the source of the problem. There is no clue to the identity of the thief. We have no clue as to where she went after she left home. cagen. 笼子，鸟笼，兽笼，监狱vt. 把.关在笼子里，监禁 Dont you

11、 think its cruel to cage a creature up? The birds sit on the cage floor to hatch their eggs. The old man wants to buy a cage for birds. Criminals are kept in the cages on this island. You can cage a bird, but you cannot make him sing. trillvt. hence the rise in unemployment. It is very late; hence y

12、ou must go to bed. Its handmade and hence expensive. The sports meet will be held three days hence. We have no chance to meet each other a week hence. strikingadj. 引人注目的，显著的，妩媚动人的，标致的，罢工的，敲击的 Her big eyes are her most striking feature. His youthfulness was as striking as hers. That which is striking

13、 and beautiful is not always good, but that which is good is always beautiful. darevi., vt. hence the rise in unemployment. It is very late; hence you must go to bed. Its handmade and hence expensive. The sports meet will be held three days hence. We have no chance to meet each other a week hence. s

14、trikingadj. 引人注目的，显著的，妩媚动人的，标致的，罢工的，敲击的 Her big eyes are her most striking feature. His youthfulness was as striking as hers. That which is striking and beautiful is not always good, but that which is good is always beautiful. darevi., vt. & modal v敢于，胆敢，敢做 Yes. I dare say it will be. Im sure you ne

15、ver dare to go against your wife. The gymnast dared a breathtakingly difficult move. I would do it if I dared. I dare not touch the flower for its tenderness. dwellern. 居民，居住者 city dweller城市居民 There exist a lot of cave dwellers in this area. Dwellers here live a happy life now. characterise/characte

16、rize vt. 是.的特征，以.为典型，使有.特点，描述，刻画，辨别 How would you characterize him? Your work is characterized by lack of attention to details. The novelist characterizes his heroine as passionate. He may be characterized as a man of hobbies. Bold outlines and warm colors characterize his dominate style in painting

17、. Confucianismn. 儒学，儒家，孔子学说，孔子思想 Confucianism is one of the major sources of the Chinese culture. Confucianism is the backbone of Chinese culture. Taoismn. 道教，道家，道家的学说 Deepen your studying of Taoism in both English and Chinese! One of the earliest Eastern philosophies was Taoism, which came from Chi

18、na. Therefore, Taoism itself is a kind of harmony and harmony itself is beauty. The Tao is the foundation of the Taoism philosophy, on which all theories of Taoism are based. legendn. 传奇，传说，传奇故事，传奇人物 urban legend都市传奇 The play was based on a legend. According to the old legend, Romulus was the founde

19、r of Rome. This oriental legend is fascinating. The little girl is very interested in the old legend of immortal creatures. encountervt.偶然碰到，意外遇见，遭遇，碰到 n. 相遇，遭遇，冲突 At the beginning of their journey they encounter an English couple. Afortunate encounter brought us together. It was a bloody encounter

20、between the two armies. Dont be afraid to encounter risks. Otherwise, we will encounter grave difficulties. I encountered an old friend at Rome. nourishvt. 培养，助长，抚养，滋养，支助，怀抱(仇恨,希望) We are always being told to nourish our bodies by eating the right food. This medicine helps to protect and nourish ski

21、n that is past its prime. Journalists on the whole dont create public opinion. They can help to nourish it. They needed good food to nourish their bodies. Milk is all we need to nourish a small baby. Most plants are nourished by water drawn up through their roots. The schools goal is to nourish youn

22、g musical talent. She has nourished the dream of becoming a movie star. numerousadj. 许多的，众多的，极多的，为数众多的 They have taught the Turks numerous inventions and machines of war. The inquiry has uncovered numerous examples of racism. Numerous Umbrian towns hold their own summer festivals of music, theatre,

23、and dance. Those birds have become more numerous lately. Numerous interruptions have prevented me from finishing my work. gloriousadj. 光荣的，荣耀的，辉煌的，壮丽的，著名的，宏伟的，绝妙的 The once glorious palaces stood empty. She had missed the glorious blooms of the Mediterranean spring. We have won a glorious victory ove

24、r our opponents. boomn.贸易和经济活动中的激增、繁荣，吊杆 vi. 迅速发展，激增，繁荣 vt.使兴旺 The 1980s were indeed boom years. The economic boom was fueled by easy credit. Brisbane has become the boom town forAustralian film and television. An economic boom followed, especially in housing and construction. The long boom of the c

25、rane functions like our arms. Business is booming. Foreign investments boomed the city. stabilityn. 稳定，稳定性，稳固，稳固性 (adj. stable) keep stability保持平衡 It represented for those early inhabitants stability and silence. NATO had charted a new course for stability and cooperation in Europe. The government h

26、as taken a measure to maintain the stability of prices. tolerantadj. 宽容的，容忍的，能.耐的 be tolerant of.忍耐. Other changes include more tolerant attitudes to unmarried couples having children. Of all the girls, she is the most tolerant. Apriest must learn to be tolerant and always suffer fools gladly. He is

27、 not very tolerant of criticism. libertyn. 自由，放肆 take the liberty of doing.冒昧做. He firmly believes liberty is inseparable from social justice. Those prisoners are dreaming of liberty. Everybody is at liberty to air his views. Women used to have little liberty. I am afraid that I am not at liberty to

28、 discuss this matter. I took the liberty of borrowing your lawn-mower while you were away. unconstrainedadj. 不受约束的，自由的，非强迫的，出乎自然的 This job is really unconstrained. Some relevant conditions on unconstrained and constrained problems are obtained. If tax cutting is not a path to automatic prosperity, n

29、either is unconstrained social spending. Lots of elderly people want peace in their old age, but young people want an unconstrained life. vitalityn. 生命力，活力，热情，持久性，生动 breathe vitality into.给.注入生机 He had enormous vitality. Its rich in Vitamin and it gives us energy and vitality. Small touches such as

30、flowers can be what gives a house its vitality. ContemporaryAfrican cinema has much to offer in its vitality and freshness. distinguishvt. & vi. 使有别于，区分，辨别，认出，使出众，成为.特征 In those days there was nothing to distinguish him from other students. Through the fog of war he is able to distinguish friends fr

31、om enemies. Speeches distinguish human beings from animals. Its important to distinguish fact from fiction. The twins were so much alike that it was impossible to distinguish one from the other. We should distinguish between right and wrong. She distinguished herself by her coolness and bravery. exa

32、ggerationn. 夸张，夸大，夸张的言语，夸张手法(vt. exaggerate) Thats a slight exaggeration. This was an exaggeration but a pardonable one. It is no exaggeration to say that she is fat. I can say without exaggeration that she is an angel. metaphorn. 暗喻，隐喻 The divided family remains a powerful metaphor for a society th

33、at continued to tear itself apart. She uses some wonderful metaphors in her writing. In poetry the rose is often a metaphor for love. representativeadj.典型的，有代表性的 n.典型人物，代表性人物，代表，代理人 a registered representative一个注册代表 The community is getting impatient, said a representative of the ResidentsAssociatio

34、n. Are your opinions representative of the other students? The study was carried out in one small town, so we cant be sure that the results are truly representative. The tiger is a representative of the cat family. frostn.霜，霜冻，严寒天气，冷淡vt. 在.上结霜 Morning dawned white with the seasons first hard frost.

35、Alight frost dusted the grass. The windscreen was covered with frost. Sweet potatoes decayed after the frost. The cold has frosted the windows. Young plants are often killed by frost. cast vt.投射，向投以视线、笑容等，投，抛，选派角色n. 全体演员，投，抛 cast doubt on质疑 cast iron材 铸铁，生铁 cast steel 生钢 The storm cast the little ro

36、wboat onto the rocks. The two world wars cast a shadow over the people all over the world. The director began to cast actors for the movie. All eyes were cast upon the speaker. I shall cast my vote for the only woman candidate at the election. The play succeeded thanks to the wonderful performance o

37、f all the cast. The cast of the line is crucial to fly fishing. The show is very amusing and the cast is very good. He was cast as a college professor. The moon cast a bright light over the garden. Most of the cast was amazed by the plays success. owevt. 欠情，欠债，归功于，对负有义务，由于 owe a debt of gratitude to

38、.感谢. You owe me 20 altogether. The Brilliantons paid their rent on time and did not owe him a penny. I owe the restoration of my hearing to this technique. I overspent by 1 on your shopping so Im afraid you owe me. He owes his success more to luck than to ability. You owe yourself a holiday. debtn.债

39、，人情债，恩情，借款，欠款，债务 in debt欠债 The goods were sold to discharge the debt. The Ethiopian foreign debt stands at 3 billion dollars. If I pay all my debts, Ill have no money. Well run into debt if you spend more than our income. He was already deeply in debt through gambling losses. He was so good to me th

40、at I can never repay the debt I owe him. I owe a debt of thanks to Joyce Thompson, whose careful and able research was of great help. fascinatevt. & vi. 深深吸引，迷住 I watched her, fascianted. Anything to do with old myths and legends fascinates me. The students were fascinated by his ideas. It seems tha

41、t the private lives of movie stars never fail to fascinate. entitlevt. 使享受权利，使符合资格，给.命名 be entitled to.有权做.，有资格做. They are entitled to first class travel. This ticket does not entitle you to travel first class. Doing so will entitle the ticket holder to unlimited free parking. Your years of service

42、entitle you to a pension. Your qualifications entitle you to a higher salary. You may be entitled to reclaim some of the tax you paid last year. She read a poem entitled The Apple Tree. His services entitle him to our respect. Only the top students are entitled to this prize. You are entitled to a f

43、ree lunch. blamevt.责怪，指责，把.归咎于 n. 责怪，指责，责备，责任 blame somebody for.责备某人. Too much, Harry. Dont blame her any more. Ministers can equally credibly claim that the opposition is to blame. I accepted the blame for what had happened. The driver was not to blame for the accident. The bank manager was really

44、 to blame, though he tried to pin it on a clerk. She blamed him for the failure of their marriage. It was wrong of you to fasten the blame on him. allowancen. 津贴，补助，限额，零花钱 make allowance for 体谅，考虑到，估计到 Check your duty-free allowance before you set off.(出发前检查你的免税定额。) Most of our flights have a baggag

45、e allowance of 40kgs per passenger. He gets an entertainment allowance and a clothes allowance from work. Your baggage allowance is 75 pounds. She failed one of the exam papers, but we ought to make allowance for the fact that she was ill. I didnt receive any allowance from my father. triumphn. 巨大成功

46、，重大成就，伟大胜利 vi. 打败，战胜，成功 The press termed the visit a triumph. The election result was a personal triumph for the party leader. He was laughing with triumph. The winning team returned home in triumph. Advancing culture is bound to triumph over declining culture. Justice triumphs in the end. impostorn

47、.冒名顶替者，冒名行骗者，冒充者，冒牌，招摇撞骗者 The man turned out to be an impostor. They consider him to be nothing but an impostor. unforgivingadj. 棘手的，不饶人的，不宽容的，无情的，不原谅的 He was an unforgiving man who never forgot a slight. It is a pity so many people are judgmental and unforgiving. I am sorry that I am so unforgiving

48、. recitaln.吟诵，背诵，详述，独唱会，独奏会 She gave us a boring recital of all her troubles. At the end of the semester year, the music teacher decided to organize a piano recital for her students. She learned to play musical instruments when she was a small child and gave her first public recital at the age of 9.

49、 Tickets are sold out for the recital. 单词和短语互译单词和短语互译 1._adj. 结冰的，冰封的，冷冻的，冻僵的，呆若木鸡的 2._n. 方面，侧面，规模，程度，维 3._adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的，相反的 4._ n.线索，提示，迹象，暗示 5._n. 笼子，鸟笼，兽笼，监狱 6._ vt. & vi.欢快地高声说，发颤音，以颤音唱 7._ vt. 解释，阐释，领会，演绎，把.理解为vi.口译，担任翻译 8._ adj. 偏远的，偏僻的，遥远的，久远的，远亲的，冷淡的 9._adj. 符合逻辑的，必然的，合乎情理的，逻辑的 10._ adj. 内心

50、的，隐藏的，里面的，内部的，未表达出来的 11._n. 工业化，产业化 12._ vt. 拥护，支持，提倡 n. 拥护者，支持者，辩护律师 13._vt. 分叉，岔开，分歧，相异，偏离 14._ vi. & vt. 弯曲，使拐弯，使弯曲，专心于n. 拐弯，弯道 15._n.声明，宣称，所有权，索赔vt.声明，要求，声称，索取，获得，夺走生命 16._vi. & vt. 踩踏，踩碎，践踏，行走，步行 n.胎面，胎面花纹，脚步声 17._ n.vi. & n. 叹气，叹息，悲叹 vt.叹息着说 18._adv. 因此，由此，从此，今后，所以 19._ adj. 引人注目的，显著的，妩媚动人的，标致