（2021新牛津译林版）高中英语选择性必修一Unit 4 重点单词用法梳理.docx

1、选择性必修一 Unit4重点单词 1. frozenadj.结冰的,冰封的;冷冻的;冻僵的 freezev.(使)冻结;冰冻 freezingadj.冰冻的;极冷的 be frozen with吓呆，惊呆She stared at him, frozen with shock. 2. dimensionn. 方面，侧面；规模，程度；维 a problem of considerable dimensions一个涉及面相当广的问题 Her job added a new dimension to her life. 她的工作为她的生活增添了新的内容. 3. graspn. 理解，领会；抓紧，紧握

2、；控制；能力所及v. 抓紧；领会，理解 beyond the grasp of sb为.所不能理解within ones grasp 能力所及 have a good grasp of掌握得好grasp the opportunity / chance to do .抓住机会. 4. detectvt.发现,查明,侦察出detectionn.探测;侦查;察觉;发现detectorn.探测器 detectiven.侦探adj. 侦探的 5. complexadj. 复杂的；难懂的；费解的(SYN complicated) n. （类型相似的）建筑群;相关联的一组事物;情结 a complex a

3、rgument/problem/subject复杂难懂的论证问题科目 a sports complex综合体育场 This is just one of a whole complex of issues. 这仅仅是所有相关的问题之一。 to suffer from a guilt complex 蒙受负罪感之苦 6. contradictoryadj.相互矛盾的,对立的 contradictvt.反驳;相矛盾 contradictionn.(事实、看 法、行动等的)不一致,矛盾;反驳 We are faced with two apparently contradictory stateme

4、nts.我们面前这两种说法显然是矛盾的。 The advice I received was often contradictory.我所得到的建议常常是相互矛盾的。 7. dig up 发现，搜集，查明；（在播种或建筑前）掘地，平整土地；掘起，挖掘出 Tabloid newspapers love to dig up scandal.通俗小报都热衷于刨丑闻。 They are digging up the football field to lay a new surface.他们正在把足球场挖开铺一层新地面。 An old Roman vase was dug up here last m

5、onth.上个月在此地出土了一个古罗马花瓶。 dig into sth开始津津有味地吃,开始贪婪地吃;探究,探寻,探询 She dug into her bowl of pasta. 她津津有味地吃着碗里的面条。 Will you dig a little into his past and see what you find? 你稍微探究一下他的过去看看能发现什么， 好吗？ 8. interpretvt. 解释; 理解; 把理解为,领会;演绎vi.口译 interpretern.口译员 interpretationn.解释;理解;演绎 The students were asked to i

6、nterpret the poem.学生们被要求诠释那首诗的意义。 interpret sth (as sth)把理解为；领会 I didnt know whether to interpret her silence as acceptance or refusal. 我不知该把她的沉默看作是接受还是 拒绝。 interpret for sb为某人翻译 She couldnt speak much English so her children had to interpret for her. 她讲不了几句英语，所以她的孩子 们得给她翻译。 9. patiencen.耐心;忍耐力patie

7、ntadj.有耐心的;能忍耐的 n.病人patientlyadv.耐心地 with patience耐心地have /lose patience with .对.有/无耐心 have the patience to do. 有做.的耐心be patient with对.有耐心 10. asideadv. 到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除.以外 set sth aside把放到一旁（或搁到一边）；省出，留出（钱或时间）;暂时不考虑（或放一放） Its much wise to set aside some time to accompany parents or do something more m

8、eaningful. 留出一些时间 陪伴父母或做一些更有意义的事情是很明智的。 Lets set aside my personal feelings for now.目前咱们就不要顾及我的个人感情了。 She tries to set aside some money every month.她每个月都尽量存点钱。 aside from = apart from除了. put aside撇开；把.放在一边，暂不考虑；储存备用 11. rewardvt. 奖励,奖赏n.奖励,回报;悬赏金 rewardingadj. 报酬高的;有益的;值得做的 reward sb for (doing) sth

9、奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonus. 她因自己所作的努力而得到一笔奖金。 He rewarded us handsomely for helping him. 对于我们的帮助，他大加酬谢。 12. constantlyadv.始终,一直 constantadj.不变的;连续发生的 Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。 a constant stream of visitors all day整天络绎不绝的游客 Babies need constant attent

10、ion.婴儿一刻也离不开人 13. perceive注意到，意识到；将.理解为，将.视为 perceive sb. / sth. as / to be .把.看做be perceived as / to be.将.理解为，将.视为 perceive that.意识到. This discovery was perceived as a major breakthrough. 这一发现被视为一项重大突破。 She did not perceive herself as disabled. 她没有把自己看成残疾人。 They were widely perceived to have been u

11、nlucky. 人们普遍认为他们的运气不佳。 14. realityn.现实,实际情况;事实,实际经历 realadj.真正的;真的;真实的 reallyadv.真正地,真 实地 realisticadj.现实的;实际的 in reality = in fact实际上，事实上come into reality 成为现实 Not really.不完全是；不见得be realistic about对.实事求是的 a realistic target 切实的目标a realistic drawing 逼真的绘画 15. novelistn.小说家 noveln.(长篇)小说adj.新奇的 a nov

12、el feature 新特征The corona-19 is a novel virus. 16. break with sth.与某事终止关联，破除Time calls for a boss willing to break with old habits. break away from摆脱，逃脱 break down(机器，车辆等) 出故障，抛锚；失败； (身体)垮掉；情不自禁的哭起来 break into闯入；突然开始（笑、唱等）；成功参与；顺利打入 break off中断；折断；突然停止 break out(战争，疾病，灾难等)突然爆发 break through突破；攻克；挣脱而出

13、 break up打碎；结束；散开，解散； (学校)期中放假；变得虚弱 17. industrializationn. 工业化 industryn.工业;行业 industrialadj.工业的;产业的 18. advocatev. 拥护，支持，提倡n. 拥护者，支持者，辩护律师 advocate (doing) sth. 提倡 （做） 某事advocate + that 从句 (从句要用should型虚拟语气)提倡. an advocate of .一个.的拥护者 Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour. 很

14、多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖 励。 The report advocated that all buildings (should) be fitted with smoke detectors. 报告主张所有的建筑物都应 安装烟火探测器。 19. beliefn.看法,信念;信仰;相信,信心 believev. 相信;认为真实 believableadj.可信的 unbelievableadj.难以置信的 belief in sth/sb相信；信心 I admire his passionate belief in what he is doing.我佩服他对自己的工作所抱的坚定信心。

15、belief in God/democracy对上帝民主的笃信 belief that.看法；信念 She acted in the belief that she was doing good. 她这么做是因为她认定自己是在做好事。 Contrary to popular belief , he was not responsible for the tragedy. 大家的看法相反，对这出悲剧没有责任。 religious/political beliefs 宗教政治信仰 20. bend( bent - bent ) （使）倾斜，偏向;（使四肢等）弯曲;把弄弯（或折起）;（使）拐弯，弯曲

16、 She bent forward to pick up the newspaper. 她弯腰去捡报纸。 Bend your knees, keeping your back straight. 膝盖弯曲，背部挺直。 He bent the wire into the shape of a square. 他把铁丝折成正方形。 The road bent sharply to the right. 路向右急转弯。 bentadj. 弯曲的；弯腰的，驼背的；（非正式）不诚实的；决心的 be bent on doing sth 决心要做，一心想做 She seems bent on making

17、life difficult for me. 她似乎专门和我过不去。 21. claimv. 宣称，声称；要求；索取；赢得，获得；引起（注意）；夺去（生命）；索赔（钱财） n. 声称，宣称；所有权；索赔 I dont claim to be an expert.我不敢自称为专家。 It was claimed that some doctors were working 80 hours a week. 据说有些医生每周工作 80 小时。 Alot of lost property is never claimed. 许多失物从未被认领。 Hes not entitled to claim u

18、nemployment benefit. 他无权要求领取失业救济金。 Amost unwelcome event claimed his attention. 一件最讨厌的事情需要他去考虑。 She has finally claimed a place on the team. 她终于成了那支队的队员。 The car crash claimed three lives. 那次撞车事故导致三人死亡。 22. henceadv. 因此；今后 We suspect they are trying to hide something, hence the need for an independe

19、nt inquiry. 我们怀疑他们在企图隐瞒什么事，因此有必要进行独立调查。 23. darev. 敢于，胆敢；激（某人做某事） He didnt dare (to) say what he thought. 他不敢说出他的想法。 They darent ask for any more money. 他们不敢再要钱了。 She dared not breathe a word of it to anybody. 她对任何人都只字不敢提及此事。 Some of the older boys had dared him to do it. 几个大男孩激他，问他敢不敢干这事。 dont you

20、dare!让人绝不要做某事）你敢，谅你不敢 Dont you dare say anything to anybody. 谅你不敢对任何人提起这事儿。 how dare you, etc.（表示气愤）你竟然，你竟敢 How dare you talk to me like that? 你竟敢这样对我说话？ How dare she imply that I was lying? 她竟敢暗示我在撒谎？ I dare say我想；很可能；大概 I dare say you know about it already. 你大概已经知道了 24. characterizevt. 是的特征,以为典型;使

21、具有特点;描述,刻画 charactern.特性;品质;符号; 人物 characteristicn.特点;特性;品质 adj.典型的;特有的 the rolling hills that characterize this part of England 成为英格兰这一地区特征的绵延起伏的丘陵地 The city is characterized by tall modern buildings in steel and glass. 这座城市的特点是钢铁和玻璃建造的 现代化高楼大厦林立。 characterize sb/sth (as sth)描述，刻画，表现（的特征、特点） activi

22、ties that are characterized as maleor femalework 被描述为“男性”或“女性”工作的各种活动。 25. encounterv. 偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇；碰到n. 相遇，遭遇，冲突 We encountered a number of difficulties in the first week.我们在第一周遇到了一些困难。 I had never encountered such resistance before.我以前从未遇到过这么大的阻力 The story describes the extraordinary encounter be

23、tween a man and a dolphin. 这个故事描述了一个男人与 一只海豚之间的奇遇。 countern. 柜台；对立面；计数器； vt. 反击，还击；反驳 under the counter秘密地，暗地里，非法地 26. gloriousadj. 荣耀的,光荣的;壮丽的,辉煌的 gloryn.光荣;荣誉;赞颂;壮丽 27. boomn. （贸易和经济活动的）繁荣v. 迅速发展，激增，繁荣 ；轰鸣，轰响 a boom in car sales 汽车销售额的剧增 By the 1980s, the computer industry was booming. 到 20 世纪 80

24、年代时，计算机行业迅猛发展。 Outside, thunder boomed and crashed. 外面雷声隆隆，霹雳炸响。 28. stabilityn.稳定(性),稳固(性) stableadj.稳定的;沉稳的 stablyadv.稳定地 29. tolerantadj.宽容的,容忍的;能耐的 tolerancen. 宽容;容忍;忍耐力 toleratev.容忍,允许 be tolerant of 容忍，忍受tolerate doing .容忍做某事 The plants are tolerant of frost. 这些植物耐霜 She refused to tolerate bei

25、ng called a liar. 她拒不接受被称为撒谎者。 30. distinguishvt.代表 representvt.展现;展示; 代表 representationn.描述;表现 a representative of .的代表represent . as .把.描绘成. represent sb to do sth代表某人做某事represent to sb sth向某人传达某事 a representative of the UN 联合国代表 The painting is not representative of his work of the period. 这幅画不是他

26、在那个时期的代表作。 The competition attracted over 500 contestants representing 8 different countries. 这次比赛吸引了代表 8 个 不同国家的 500 多名参赛者。 The risks were represented as negligible. 他们把风险说得微不足道。 32. castvt. 投射;向.投以（视线、笑容等）;投，抛；选派角色n. 全体演员；投，抛 She cast a welcoming smile in his direction. 她向他微笑以示欢迎。 The setting sun

27、cast an orange glow over the mountains. 橘红色的夕阳辉映着群山。 cast doubt on/upon sth使人怀疑 This latest evidence casts serious doubt on his version of events. 最新的证据使人们十分怀疑他对事件的说 法。 The priceless treasures had been cast into the Nile. 价值连城的珍宝被扔进了尼罗河。 The play is being cast in both the US and Britain. 目前正在英美两国挑选这

28、部戏的演员。 He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie. 他选定她在他最近的一部影片里扮演一名雄心 勃勃的律师。 33. owevt. 欠；感激；应给予；应该把归功于 owe sb sth / owe sth to sb欠（债）,欠（账）;欠（情） She still owes her father 3 000. = She still owes 3 000 to her father. 她还欠她父亲 3 000 英镑。 I owe a debt of gratitude to all my family. 我很感激我

29、的全家人。 You owe me a favour! 你还欠我个人情哪！ I think you owe us an explanation. 我认为你应当给我们一个解释。 owe sth to sb/sth归因于；归功于；起源于 He owes his success to hard work. 他的成功是靠勤奋工作。 34. fascinatevt.入迷的 fascinatingadj.迷人的 fascinationn.魅力;极大的吸引力;入迷 China has always fascinated me. 中国一直令我心驰神往。 It was a question that had fa

30、scinated him since he was a boy. 这是他自幼就着迷的问题。 Ive always been fascinated by his ideas. 我总是对他的想法极感兴趣。 a fascinating story/subject 迷人的故事；趣味无穷的话题 Its fascinating to see how different people approach the problem. 看到不同的人怎样处理这个问题真是有 趣极了。 35. entitlev. 给（某人）权利（或资格）；给题名；称呼 be entitled to sth使享有权利；使符合资格 You

31、will be entitled to your pension when you reach 65. 你到 65 岁就有资格享受养老金。 Everyones entitled to their own opinion. 人人都有权发表自己的意见。 36. blamevt. 责备；归咎于n. 责备；责任；过失 blame sb for sth因某事责备某人blame sth on sb把某事归咎于某人 be to blame for因某事而受到责备；（对坏事）负有责任 She doesnt blame anyone for her fathers death. 她没把她父亲的死归罪于任何人。

32、Police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving. 警方把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶。 Which driver was to blame for the accident? 哪位司机是此次事故的肇事者 37. allowancen. 津贴，补助；零用钱；允许；限额 make allowance for考虑到，估计到;体谅；谅解 The plan makes no allowance for people working at different rates. 这个计划没有把人们工作速度不同考虑 在内。 an allowance of $20 a day 每天 20 元补贴 a clothing/living/travel allowance 服装生活交通补贴 a baggage allowance of 20 kilos 行李限重 20 公斤