（新教材）牛津译林版（2019版）英语必修二全册课文原文word版.docx

1、译林版 2020 必修二课文原文 Unit 1Behind the scenes Hello, everyone！ Let me start by asking you a question: whats the first thing you notice about a film? The acting? The music? Maybe the amazing sets? Whatever your answer is, theres always a lot more to it than first meets the eye. Actually, the film you see

2、on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of which takes place behind the scenes.Today, Ill give you a brief introduction to some aspects of filmmaking you might not be familiar with. To begin with,Id like to draw your attention to an important factor of a film sound effects.

3、These are often added after a scene has been shot and might not be made in the way you would expect. For example,in Jurassic Park,the sounds of different animals, including a baby elephant and a tiger, were mixed by a computer to make a dinosaur roar. The sound of the doors opening in the Star Trek

4、films was made simply by pulling a sheet of paper out of an envelope. Another aspect I attach great importance to is visual special effects. CGI has been frequently used in filmmaking as a special effects technology. Generally, scenes requiring CGI are filmed in front of a green screen in the studio

5、. As green doesnt match any natural hair or skin colour, actors can be easily separated from the background. This enables CGI effects to be added later. The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen. However, the a

6、id of computers isnt always preferred. Peter Jackson, director of The Lord of the Rings films, took a creative approach he used clever camera angles to make characters seem bigger or smaller than they really were. Props also contribute to a films success. To make a film look real, great effort must

7、sometimes be made to research, find and build objects. Director James Cameron spent six months looking at and revising plans of the Titanic in order to build a fullsized model for his 1997 film. He talked to historians to ensure that the details were correct and even went down to the bottom of the A

8、tlantic Ocean to see what was left of the ship for himself. It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model, not to mention the thousands of props inside. My lecture today may not be able to do justice to all the work people have done behind the scenes.Just as the poorpassengers on the real Tit

9、anic saw the tip of the iceberg, what we see on the cinema screen is just the tip of the huge iceberg of filmmaking. Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, youll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes.They have worked for months and even years so that you can have two ho

10、urs of enjoyment! Unit 2Abeginners guide to exercise You want to start doing exercise? Congratulations! You have just taken your first step towards a new and improved you! Understanding the benefits of exercise Most people assume that regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind but what exac

11、tly are its health benefits? To start with, physical activity increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs. During exercise, your heart and lungs must work harder. This extra effort makes them grow stronger over the long term. It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune

12、 systems and are at lower risk of diseases. Moreover, exercise is good for your mental health. Working out can help you reduce stress and get over negative feelings. Some studies even show that exercise improves certain brain functions, meaning you could actually exercise your way to better performa

13、nce at school！ Planning your exercise routine When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility. Aerobic activities, like jogging, swimming and skiing, develop your heart and lungs. Strength trainin

14、g, such as pullups and weightlifting, increases muscle strength and encourages bone development. Flexibility training, including gymnastics and tai chi, helps stretch your muscles and improve your bodys range of movement. These types of exercise all play a role in a healthy routine. Above all, choos

15、e activities you enjoy because, in this way, youre more likely to stick with them. Eating and drinking right Like cars that run on petrol, your body burns carbohydrates for energy. Foods like noodles, rice, fruit and vegetables give your body plenty of carbohydrates to keep up your energy during a l

16、ong workout. To help your muscles recover and repair themselves after exercise, you need to eat foods rich in protein, such as fish, eggs and milk products. When to eat is also of great importance. In general, you should have your meal an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours before exercising. Do not eat imm

17、ediately after exercise; instead, wait at least 30 minutes after a typical routine, or as much as an hour after a hard workout. Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat. Avoiding injury To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipmen

18、t when exercising. You should also start small and slowly work your way to a longer and harder exercise routine to avoid getting hurt. Finally, remember to warm up before exercising difficult activity and stretch at the end of your workout. So, now you know the benefits of exercise and how to do it

19、safely and effectively. What are you waiting for? Unit 3Alex around the world 10 January, a wedding ceremony, India When Nadim invited me to his sisters wedding, I knew it would be the opportunity of a lifetime. I was definitely not wrong! The wedding ceremony took place in a brightly decorated hote

20、l room. There were hundreds of guests, all dressed up in formal, colourful clothes. According to tradition, the bride was wearing an eyecatching red silk sari. I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression on me. One was the bridegrooms entrance on a beautiful

21、 white horse. I had never seen that back home! Another was the part when Nadims father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband. It reminded me of my sisters wedding. Although our cultures are so different, the smiling faces are the same. The customs that followed were anyth

22、ing but ordinary. The couple joined hands and walked around a small fire four times. Then they took seven steps together by the fire, and with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily. It was very romantic! After the ceremony, it wa

23、s time for the celebrations. That is a story for another day, but lets just say there was a lot of dancing. Now I know I have two left feet . and both of them hurt! 26 February, Rio Carnival, Brazil The summer heat hit me as soon as I got off the flight. No wonder people from Rio take a week off for

24、 this happy occasion. I could feel it already the Carnival was in the air! To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself，I went to a street party. Luckily, I arrived just in time the show was about to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd. I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dance

25、rs and a band in fancy costumes standing in the street. Some of them carried flags, which blew in the wind. The crowd waited with excitement. Then there was an explosion of bright colours and lively music, and the group jumped into action. The band started playing an energetic samba beat, the dancer

26、s twisted and turned, and the crowd began to cheer, clap and sing. The whole group started marching down the street. The Carnival current carried us through the evergrowing sea of people, dancing all the way. Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets, and the smell of roasted meat fi

27、lled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands. I was so caught up in the party fever that I hardly noticed five hours fly by! Even as I lay in bed that evening, the bright colours and lively music were still swimming all around me. What an amazing first day in Rio！ Unit 4 The wonder of

28、literature A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear. Suddenly he heard strange, low, musical sounds. These sounds seemed to be from another world and the child listened to them with wonder. Then the man explained that the child heard nothing str

29、ange, and that the shell caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears. What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old. The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty. Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul bring

30、s them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds. A hundred men may pass a field and see only dead grass; but a poet stops, looks deeper, sees truth and beauty, and writes，“Yesterdays flowers am I”One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes

31、before. The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and imagination. Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says. When Christopher Marlowes Doctor Faustus asks in the presence of Helen，“Was this the face that launched a thousand ships？” he opens a door thro

32、ugh which our imagination enters a new world, a world of love, beauty and heroism. The third quality of literature, coming out of the other two, is its permanence. To achieve this, it should contain two elements：universal interest and personal style. Good literature reflects the most basic of human

33、nature love and hate, joy and sadness, fear and hope. It also takes on a personal style no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences. In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of mans thoughts and feelings,

34、and the history of the human soul. (Adapted from William JLongs English Literature: Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the EnglishSpeaking World) Some such experience as this lies in store for us when we begin the study of literature. Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great boo

35、k to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. To enter and enjoy this new world, we need to love literature, and make an effort to explain it. Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments.We must know all these, if the book is to speak its whole message. In a word, we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature. The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.